Stabilized polyolefin compositions

Abstract

Disclosed are compositions comprising antioxidants and stabilizers, such as, acid scavengers or organic phosphorus stabilizers, and optionally further comprising co-stabilizers. The disclosed compositions are useful as stabilizers for polyolefins and other polymeric materials. The disclosed compositions and methods generally provide longer shelf lifes and better oxidative resistance to materials than currently available antioxidants.

1 . A composition comprising: 
 a) an antioxidant; and    b) at least one additive selected from the group consisting of: 
 i) a phosphorus stabilizer;  
 ii) an acid stabilizer; and  
 iii) a co-stabilizer.  
   
   
   
       2 . A composition comprising: 
 a) at least one antioxidant selected from the group consisting of polyalkyl phenol based antioxidants, sterically hindered phenol based antioxidants, sterically hindered phenol based macromolecular antioxidants, nitrogen and hindered phenol containing dual functional macromolecular antioxidants, alkylated macromolecular antioxidants, sterically hindered phenol and phosphite based macromolecular antioxidants; and    b) at least one additive selected from the group consisting of: 
 i) a phosphorus stabilizer selected from the group consisting of triphenyl phosphite, diphenyl alkyl phosphites, phenyl dialkyl phosphites, tris(nonylphenyl)phosphite, trilauryl phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite, distearyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite, diisodecyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bisisodecyloxy-pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, tristearyl sorbitol triphosphite, tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) 4,4′-biphenylene-diphosphonite, 6-isooctyloxy-2,4,8,10-tetra-tert-butyl-dibenzo[d,f][1,3 ,2]dioxaphosphepin, 6-fluoro-2,4,8,10-tetra-tert-butyl-12-methyl-dibenzo[d,g][1,3,2]dioxaphosphocin, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)methyl phosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)ethyl phosphite, (2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl) 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol phosphate below), bis(2,4-di-cumylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite and a compound represented by the following structural formula:  
                     
 ii) at least one acid stabilizer selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, calcium lactate, natural and synthetic hydrotalcites, natural and synthetic hydrocalumites, and alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium behenate, magnesium stearate, sodium stearate, sodium ricinoleate and potassium palmitate, antimony pyrocatecholate, zinc pyrocatecholate and combinations thereof; and  
 iii) at least one co-stabilizer selected from the group consisting of an antioxidant, a hindered amine stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a metal deactivator, a peroxide scavenger, a hydroxylamine, a nitrone, an amine—N-oxide, a benzafuranone, an indolinone, a polyhydric alcohol, a basic co-stabilizer, a nucleating agent, a clarifier, a filler, a dispersing agent, a plasticizer, a lubricant, an emulsifier, a pigment, a rheology additive, a catalyst, a flow-control agent, an optical brightener, a flame retardant, an antistatic agent, an antimicrobial and blowing agents.  
   
   
   
       3 . The composition of  claim 2  wherein the additive is at least one phosphorus stabilizer selected from the group consisting of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite , bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)4,4′-biphenylene-diphosphonite, (2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl) 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol phosphate and bis(2,4-di-cumylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite.  
   
   
       4 . The composition of  claim 3  wherein the antioxidant is in a concentration range from 0.0001% to 10% and the phosphorus stabilizer is in a concentration range 0.01% to 5%.  
   
   
       5 . The composition of  claim 2  wherein the additive is at least one acid stabilizer selected from the group consisting of at least one acid stabilizer selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, and alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium behenate, magnesium stearate, sodium stearate, sodium ricinoleate and potassium palmitate, antimony pyrocatecholate and zinc pyrocatecholate.  
   
   
       6 . The composition of  claim 5  wherein the antioxidant is in a concentration range from 0.0001% to 10% and the acid stabilizer is in a concentration range 0.005% to 5%.  
   
   
       7 . The composition of  claim 2  wherein the additive is at least one phosphorus stabilizer selected from the group consisting of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite , bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)4,4′-biphenylene-diphosphonite, (2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol phosphate and bis(2,4-di-cumylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite and an acid stabilizer selected from the group consisting of at least one acid stabilizer selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, calcium lactate, natural and synthetic hydrotalcites, natural and synthetic hydrocalumites, and alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium behenate, magnesium stearate, sodium stearate, sodium ricinoleate and potassium palmitate, antimony pyrocatecholate and zinc pyrocatecholate.  
   
   
       8 . The composition of any one of claims  3 ,  5  or  7  wherein the additive further includes at least one co-stabilizer selected from the group consisting of a hindered amine stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a metal deactivator, a peroxide scavenger and a hydroxylamine.  
   
   
       9 . The composition of  claim 2 , wherein the polyolefin is at least one member selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polybut-1-ene, poly-4-methylpent-1-ene, polyisoprene, polybutadiene, cyclopentene, norbornene, polyethylene, high density polyethylene (HDPE), high density and high molecular weight polyethylene (HDPE-HMW), high density and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (HDPE-UHMW), medium density polyethylene (MDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), very low density polypropylene VLDPE), ultra low density polypropylene (ULDPE), mixtures of polypropylene with polyisobutylene, mixtures of polypropylene with polyethylene, ethylene/propylene copolymers, linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and mixtures of linear low density polyethylene with low density polyethylene (LDPE), propylene/but-1-ene copolymers, propylene/isobutylene copolymers, ethylene/but-1-ene copolymers, ethylene/hexene copolymers, ethylene/methylpentene copolymers, ethylene/heptene copolymers, ethylene/octene copolymers, propylene/butadiene copolymers, isobutylene/isoprene copolymers, ethylene/alkyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene/alkyl methacrylate copolymers, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers, polypropylene/ethylene-propylene copolymers, LDPE/ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA), LDPE/ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers (EAA), LLDPE/EVA, LLDPE/EAA, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer copolymers (EPDM), copolymers of ethylene with higher alpha-olefins, polybutadiene, polyisoprene, styrene-butadiene copolymers, hydrogenated styrene-butadiene copolymers, styrene-isoprene copolymers, hydrogenated styrene-isoprene copolymers.  
   
   
       10 . A polyolefin composition comprising: 
 a) a polyolefin or a mixture of polyolefins;    b) an antioxidant; and    c) at least one additive selected from the group consisting of 
 i) a phosphorus stabilizer;  
 ii) an acid stabilizer; and  
 iii) a co-stabilizer.  
   
   
   
       11 . A polyolefin composition comprising: 
 a) a polyolefin or a mixture of polyolefins;    b) at least one antioxidant selected from the group consisting of polyalkyl phenol based antioxidants, sterically hindered phenol based antioxidants, sterically hindered phenol based macromolecular antioxidants, nitrogen and hindered phenol containing dual functional macromolecular antioxidants, alkylated macromolecular antioxidants, sterically hindered phenol and phosphite based macromolecular antioxidants; and    c) at least one additive selected from the group consisting of 
 i) at least one phosphorus stabilizer selected from the group consisting of a phosphorus stabilizer selected from the group consisting of triphenyl phosphite, diphenyl alkyl phosphites, phenyl dialkyl phosphites, tris(nonylphenyl)phosphite, trilauryl phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite, distearyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite, diisodecyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bisisodecyloxy-pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, tristearyl sorbitol triphosphite, tetrakis (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) 4,4′-biphenylene-diphosphonite, 6-isooctyloxy-2,4,8,10-tetra-tert-butyl-dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepin, 6-fluoro-2,4,8,10-tetra-tert-butyl-12-methyl-dibenzo[d,g][1,3,2]dioxaphosphocin, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)methyl phosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)ethyl phosphite, (2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl) 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol phosphate below), bis(2,4-di-cumylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite and a compound represented by the following structural formula:  
                     
 ii) at least one acid stabilizer selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, calcium lactate, natural and synthetic hydrotalcites, natural and synthetic hydrocalumites, and alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium behenate, magnesium stearate, sodium stearate, sodium ricinoleate and potassium palmitate, antimony pyrocatecholate, zinc pyrocatecholate and combinations thereof; or  
 iii) at least one co-stabilizer selected from the group consisting of an antioxidant, a hindered amine stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a metal deactivator, a peroxide scavenger, a hydroxylamine, a nitrone, an amine—N-oxide, a benzafuranone, an indolinone, a polyhydric alcohol, a basic co-stabilizer, a nucleating agent, a clarifier, a filler, a dispersing agent, a plasticizer, a lubricant, an emulsifier, a pigment, a rheology additive, a catalyst, a flow-control agent, an optical brightener, a flame retardant, an antistatic agent, an antimicrobial and blowing agents.  
   
   
   
       12 . The polyolefin composition of  claim 11  wherein the additive is at least one phosphorus stabilizer selected from the group consisting of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite , bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)4,4′-biphenylene-diphosphonite, (2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl) 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol phosphate and bis(2,4-di-cumylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite.  
   
   
       13 . The polyolefin composition of  claim 12  wherein the antioxidant is in a concentration range from 0.0001% to 10% and the phosphorus stabilizer is in a concentration range 0.01% to 5%.  
   
   
       14 . The polyolefin composition of  claim 11  wherein the additive is at least one acid stabilizer selected from the group consisting of at least one acid stabilizer selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, and alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium behenate, magnesium stearate, sodium stearate, sodium ricinoleate and potassium palmitate, antimony pyrocatecholate and zinc pyrocatecholate.  
   
   
       15 . The polyolefin composition of  claim 14  wherein the antioxidant is in a concentration range from 0.0001% to 10% and the acid stabilizer is in a concentration range 0.005% to 5%.  
   
   
       16 . The polyolefin composition of  claim 11  wherein the additive is at least one phosphorus stabilizer selected from the group consisting of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite , bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)4,4′-biphenylene-diphosphonite, (2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl) 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol phosphate and bis(2,4-di-cumylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite and an acid stabilizer selected from the group consisting of at least one acid stabilizer selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, calcium lactate, natural and synthetic hydrotalcites, natural and synthetic hydrocalumites, and alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium behenate, magnesium stearate, sodium stearate, sodium ricinoleate and potassium palmitate, antimony pyrocatecholate and zinc pyrocatecholate.  
   
   
       17 . The polyolefin composition of any one of claims  12 ,  14 , or  16  wherein the additive further includes at least one co-stabilizer selected from the group consisting of a hindered amine stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a metal deactivator, a peroxide scavenger and a hydroxylamine.  
   
   
       18 . The polyolefin composition of  claim 11 , wherein the polyolefin is at least one member selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polybut-1-ene, poly-4-methylpent-1-ene, polyisoprene, polybutadiene, cyclopentene, norbornene, polyethylene, high density polyethylene (HDPE), high density and high molecular weight polyethylene (HDPE-HMW), high density and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (HDPE-UHMW), medium density polyethylene (MDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), very low density polypropylene (VLDPE), ultra low density polypropylene (ULDPE), mixtures of polypropylene with polyisobutylene, mixtures of polypropylene with polyethylene, ethylene/propylene copolymers, linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and mixtures of linear low density polyethylene with low density polyethylene (LDPE), propylene/but-1-ene copolymers, propylene/isobutylene copolymers, ethylene/but-1-ene copolymers, ethylene/hexene copolymers, ethylene/methylpentene copolymers, ethylene/heptene copolymers, ethylene/octene copolymers, propylene/butadiene copolymers, isobutylene/isoprene copolymers, ethylene/alkyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene/alkyl methacrylate copolymers, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers, polypropylene/ethylene-propylene copolymers, LDPE/ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA), LDPE/ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers (EAA), LLDPE/EVA, LLDPE/EAA, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer copolymers (EPDM), copolymers of ethylene with higher alpha-olefins, polybutadiene, polyisoprene, styrene-butadiene copolymers, hydrogenated styrene-butadiene copolymers, styrene-isoprene copolymers, hydrogenated styrene-isoprene copolymers.  
   
   
       19 . A method of preventing oxidation comprising combining an oxidizable material with: 
 a) an antioxidant; and    b) at least one additive selected from the group consisting of 
 i) a phosphorus stabilizer;  
 ii) an acid stabilizer; and  
 iii) a co-stabilizer.  
   
   
   
       20 . A method of preventing oxidation comprising combining an oxidizable material with: 
 a) at least one antioxidant selected from the group consisting of polyalkyl phenol based antioxidants, sterically hindered phenol based antioxidants, sterically hindered phenol based macromolecular antioxidants, nitrogen and hindered phenol containing dual functional macromolecular antioxidants, alkylated macromolecular antioxidants, sterically hindered phenol and phosphite based macromolecular antioxidants; and    b) at least one additive selected from the group consisting of 
 i) at least one phosphorus stabilizer selected from the group consisting of triphenyl phosphite, diphenyl alkyl phosphites, phenyl dialkyl phosphites, tris(nonylphenyl)phosphite, trilauryl phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite, distearyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite, diisodecyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bisisodecyloxy-pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, tristearyl sorbitol triphosphite, tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)4,4′-biphenylene-diphosphonite, 6-isooctyloxy-2,4,8,10-tetra-tert-butyl-dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepin, 6-fluoro-2,4,8,10-tetra-tert-butyl-12-methyl-dibenzo[d,g][1,3,2]dioxaphosphocin, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)methyl phosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)ethyl phosphite, (2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl) 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol phosphate below), bis(2,4-di-cumylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite and a compound represented by the following structural formula:  
                     
 ii) at least one acid stabilizer selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, calcium lactate, natural and synthetic hydrotalcites, natural and synthetic hydrocalumites, and alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium behenate, magnesium stearate, sodium stearate, sodium ricinoleate and potassium palmitate, antimony pyrocatecholate, zinc pyrocatecholate and combinations thereof, and  
 iii) at least one co-stabilizer selected from the group consisting of an antioxidant, a hindered amine stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a metal deactivator, a peroxide scavenger, a hydroxylamine, a nitrone, an amine—N-oxide, a benzafuranone, an indolinone, a polyhydric alcohol, a basic co-stabilizer, a nucleating agent, a clarifier, a filler, a dispersing agent, a plasticizer, a lubricant, an emulsifier, a pigment, a rheology additive, a catalyst, a flow-control agent, an optical brightener, a flame retardant, an antistatic agent, an antimicrobial and blowing agents.  
   
   
   
       21 . A method of preventing oxidation in a polyolefin or a mixture of polyolefins comprising combining the polyolefin or mixture of polyolefins with: 
 a) an antioxidant; and    b) at least one additive selected from the group consisting of 
 i) a phosphorus stabilizer;  
 ii) an acid stabilizer; and  
 iii) a co-stabilizer.  
   
   
   
       22 . A method of preventing oxidation in a polyolefin or a mixture of polyolefins comprising combining the polyolefin or mixture of polyolefins with: 
 a) at least one antioxidant selected from the group consisting of polyalkyl phenol based antioxidants, sterically hindered phenol based antioxidants, sterically hindered phenol based macromolecular antioxidants, nitrogen and hindered phenol containing dual functional macromolecular antioxidants, alkylated macromolecular antioxidants, sterically hindered phenol and phosphite based macromolecular antioxidants; and    b) at least one additive selected from the group consisting of: 
 i) at least one phosphorus stabilizer selected from the group consisting of triphenyl phosphite, diphenyl alkyl phosphites, phenyl dialkyl phosphites, tris(nonylphenyl)phosphite, trilauryl phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite, distearyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite, diisodecyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bisisodecyloxy-pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, tristearyl sorbitol triphosphite, tetrakis (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)4,4′-biphenylene-diphosphonite, 6-isooctyloxy-2,4,8,10-tetra-tert-butyl-dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepin, 6-fluoro-2,4,8,10-tetra-tert-butyl-12-methyl-dibenzo[d,g][1,3,2]dioxaphosphocin, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)methyl phosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)ethyl phosphite(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol phosphate below), bis(2,4-di-cumylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite and a compound represented by the following structural formula:  
                     
 ii) at least one acid stabilizer selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, calcium lactate, natural and synthetic hydrotalcites, natural and synthetic hydrocalumites, and alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium behenate, magnesium stearate, sodium stearate, sodium ricinoleate and potassium palmitate, antimony pyrocatecholate, zinc pyrocatecholate and combinations thereof, and  
 iii) at least one co-stabilizer selected from the group consisting of an antioxidant, a hindered amine stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a metal deactivator, a peroxide scavenger, a hydroxylamine, a nitrone, an amine—N-oxide, a benzafuranone, an indolinone, a polyhydric alcohol, a basic co-stabilizer, a nucleating agent, a clarifier, a filler, a dispersing agent, a plasticizer, a lubricant, an emulsifier, a pigment, a rheology additive, a catalyst, a flow-control agent, an optical brightener, a flame retardant, an antistatic agent, an antimicrobial and blowing agents.  
   
   
   
       23 . The method of  claim 22  wherein the additive is at least one phosphorus stabilizer selected from the group consisting of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite , bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)4,4′-biphenylene-diphosphonite, (2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl) 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol phosphate and bis(2,4-di-cumylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite.  
   
   
       24 . The method of  claim 23  wherein the antioxidant is in a concentration range from 0.0001% to 10% and the phosphorus stabilizer is in a concentration range 0.01% to 5%.  
   
   
       25 . The method of  claim 22  wherein the additive is at least one acid stabilizer selected from the group consisting of at least one acid stabilizer selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, and alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium behenate, magnesium stearate, sodium stearate, sodium ricinoleate and potassium palmitate, antimony pyrocatecholate and zinc pyrocatecholate.  
   
   
       26 . The method of  claim 25  wherein the antioxidant is in a concentration range from 0.0001% to 10% and the acid stabilizer is in a concentration range 0.005% to 5%.  
   
   
       27 . The method of  claim 22  wherein the additive is at least one phosphorus stabilizer selected from the group consisting of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite , bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)4,4′-biphenylene-diphosphonite, (2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl) 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol phosphate and bis(2,4-di-cumylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite and an acid stabilizer selected from the group consisting of at least one acid stabilizer selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, calcium lactate, natural and synthetic hydrotalcites, natural and synthetic hydrocalumites, and alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium behenate, magnesium stearate, sodium stearate, sodium ricinoleate and potassium palmitate, antimony pyrocatecholate and zinc pyrocatecholate.  
   
   
       28 . The method of any one of claims  23 ,  25  or  27  wherein the additive further includes at least one co-stabilizer selected from the group consisting of a hindered amine stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a metal deactivator, a peroxide scavenger and a hydroxylamine.  
   
   
       29 . The method of  claim 22 , wherein the polyolefin is at least one member selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polybut-1-ene, poly-4-methylpent-1-ene, polyisoprene, polybutadiene, cyclopentene, norbomene, polyethylene, high density polyethylene (HDPE), high density and high molecular weight polyethylene (HDPE-HMW), high density and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (HDPE-UHMW), medium density polyethylene (MDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), very low density polypropylene (VLDPE) ultra low density polypropylene, (ULDPE), mixtures of polypropylene with polyisobutylene, mixtures of polypropylene with polyethylene, ethylene/propylene copolymers, linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and mixtures of linear low density polyethylene with low density polyethylene (LDPE), propylene/but-1-ene copolymers, propylene/isobutylene copolymers, ethylene/but-1-ene copolymers, ethylene/hexene copolymers, ethylene/methylpentene copolymers, ethylene/heptene copolymers, ethylene/octene copolymers, propylene/butadiene copolymers, isobutylene/isoprene copolymers, ethylene/alkyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene/alkyl methacrylate copolymers, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers, polypropylene/ethylene-propylene copolymers, LDPE/ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA), LDPE/ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers (EAA), LLDPE/EVA, LLDPE/EAA, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer copolymers (EPDM), copolymers of ethylene with higher alpha-olefins, polybutadiene, polyisoprene, styrene-butadiene copolymers, hydrogenated styrene-butadiene copolymers, styrene-isoprene copolymers, hydrogenated styrene-isoprene copolymers.