Low molecular weight ampholytic polymers for personal care applications

Abstract

A cosmetically acceptable composition comprising from about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent, based on polymer solids, of a water-soluble ampholyte polymer comprising: from at least 1 to as much as 95 weight percent of the nonionic monomer acrylamide; from at least 5 to as much as 80 weight percent of the cationic monomer dimethyldiallylammonium chloride; from at least 1 to as much as 75 weight percent of the anionic monomer acrylic acid, is disclosed. The application of these polymers to a keratinous substance is also disclosed. In addition, a method of treating a keratinous substance comprising applying a cosmetically acceptable composition comprising from about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent, based on polymer solids, of an ampholyte polymer produced by the following process: (1) preparing a monomer solution containing: from at least 1 to as much as 95 weight percent of the nonionic monomer acrylamide; from at least 5 to as much as 80 weight percent of the cationic monomer dimethyldiallylammonium chloride; from at least 1 to as much as 75 weight percent of the anionic monomer acrylic acid; (2) providing a reactor and water to said reactor; (3) optionally charging said reactor with a sequestering agent, a chain transfer agent or a combination thereof; (3) purging said reactor to remove oxygen from said reactor; (4) heating the contents of said reactor; and (5) feeding said monomer solution and initiator solution into said reactor, is disclosed.

1 . A cosmetically acceptable composition comprising from about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent, based on polymer solids, of an ampholyte polymer comprising: 
 (a) from at least 1 to as much as 95 weight percent of the nonionic monomer acrylamide of the following formula:                          where R is H or CH 3  ; and R 1  and R 2  are independently H, C 1-4  alkyl, CH 2 OCH 3 , CH 2 OCH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2 , (CH 2 CH 2 O—) x —H, where x=1-50, or phenyl, or together are C 3-6  cycloalkyl;    (b) from at least 5 to as much as 80 weight percent of the cationic monomer dimethyldiallylammonium chloride of the following formula:                          where R 1  and R 2  are independently H or C 1-12  alkyl, and the moiety  − Y is a suitable anion;    (c) from at least 1 to as much as 75 weight percent of the anionic monomer acrylic acid of the following formula:                          where R is H or CH 3  ; and R 1  is X + , H, and X +  is a suitable cation forming a salt of the carboxylic acid; and    wherein the weight average molecular weight of said polymer is from about 5 thousand to about 250,000.    
     
     
         2 . The cosmetically acceptable composition of  claim 1  wherein said weight average molecular weight is from about 78,000 to about 165,000.  
     
     
         3 . The cosmetically acceptable composition of  claim 1  wherein said weight average molecular weight is about 150,000.  
     
     
         4 . The cosmetically acceptable composition of  claim 1  wherein the weight percent of said acrylamide is from about 10 to about 80, the weight percent of said dimethyldiallylammonium chloride is from about 15 to about 60, and the weight percent of said acrylic acid is from about 5 to about 40.  
     
     
         5 . The cosmetically acceptable composition of  claim 1  further comprising one or more excipients selected from the group consisting of water, saccharides, surface active agents, humectants, petrolatum, mineral oil, fatty alcohols, fatty ester emollients, waxes and silicone-containing waxes, silicone oil, silicone fluid, silicone surfactants, volatile hydrocarbon oils, quaternary nitrogen compounds, amine functionalized silicones, conditioning polymers, rheology modifiers, antioxidants, sunscreen active agents, di-long chain amines of about C 10  to C 22 , long chain fatty amines of about C 10  to C 22 , fatty alcohols, ethoxylated fatty alcohols and di-tail phospholipids.  
     
     
         6 . The cosmetically acceptable composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition is in the form of a shampoo, aftershave, sunscreen, lotion, hand and body cream, liquid soap, bar soap, bath oil bar, shaving cream, dishwashing liquid, conditioner, permanent wave, hair relaxer, hair bleacher, hair detangling lotion, styling gel, styling glaze, spray foam, styling cream, styling waxer, styling lotion, mousse, spray gel, pomade, shower gel, bubble bath, hair coloring preparations, temporary and permanent hair colors, color conditioners, hair lighteners, coloring and non-coloring hair rinses, hair tints, hair wave sets, permanent waves, curling, hair straighteners, hair grooming aids, hair tonics, hair dressings and oxidative products, spritzes, styling waxes or balms.  
     
     
         7 . A method of treating a keratinous substance comprising applying the cosmetically acceptable composition of  claim 1 .  
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein said weight average molecular weight is from about 78,000 to about 165,000.  
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein said weight average molecular weight is about 150,000.  
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein said keratinous substance is hair or skin.  
     
     
         11 . The method according to  claim 7  wherein the weight percent of said acrylamide is from 10 to 80, the weight percent of said dimethyldiallylammonium chloride is from 15 to 60, and the weight percent of said acrylic acid is from 5 to 40.  
     
     
         12 . A method of treating a keratinous substance comprising applying a cosmetically acceptable composition comprising from about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent, based on polymer solids, of an ampholyte polymer produced by the following process: 
 (1) preparing a monomer solution containing: 
 (d) from at least 1 to as much as 95 weight percent of the nonionic monomer acrylamide of the following formula:  
                     
 where R is H or CH 3  ; and R 1  and R 2  are independently H, C 1-4  alkyl, CH 2 OCH 3 , CH 2 OCH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2 , (CH 2 CH 2 O—) x —H, where x=1-50, or phenyl, or together are C 3-6  cycloalkyl;  
 (e) from at least 5 to as much as 80 weight percent of the cationic monomer dimethyldiallylammonium chloride of the following formula:  
                     
 where R 1  and R 2  are independently H or C 1-12  alkyl, and the moiety  − Y is a suitable anion;  
 (f) from at least 1 to as much as 75 weight percent of the anionic monomer acrylic acid of the following formula:  
                     
 where R is H or CH 3  ; and R 1  is X + , H, and X +  is a suitable cation forming a salt of the carboxylic acid;  
   (2) providing a reactor and water to said reactor;    (3) optionally charging said reactor with a sequestering agent, a chain transfer agent or a combination thereof;    (3) purging said reactor to remove oxygen from said reactor;    (4) heating the contents of said reactor; and    (5) feeding said monomer solution and initiator solution into said reactor.