Combined Fluid-Air Evaporator And Novel Switching Concept For A Heat Pump In A Ventilating Apparatus

Abstract

A combined fluid-air evaporator having at least two separate duct systems is described, through which separate material flows may be conducted, at least one of the two duct systems having a free surface which may be brought into thermal contact with an air flow, and the at least two duct systems being at least partially in thermal contact with one another. Furthermore, a ventilation arrangement for a building is described using the combined fluid-air evaporator, in which a used air flow directed out of the building, which is in thermal contact with an outside air flow via an air-air heat exchanger, comes into thermal contact with the combined fluid-air evaporator, through which a refrigerant and an exothermic fluid pass, the refrigerant circulating in the loop of a heat pump, whose condenser is connected downstream in the flow direction from the air-air heat exchanger in the heated outside air flow, and the exothermic fluid circulates in the loop of a heat accumulator system.

1 . A combined fluid-air evaporator having at least two separate duct systems, through which separate material flows may be directed, wherein at least one of the two duct systems has a free surface which may be brought into thermal contact with a directed air flow, and the at least two duct systems are at least partially in thermal contact with one another.  
   
   
       2 . The combined fluid-air evaporator according to  claim 1 , wherein the at least two duct systems are implemented in the form of a first pipeline having a first pipe internal diameter d 1 , in whose pipe interior a second pipeline, having a second pipe internal diameter d 2 , with d 2 <d 1 , is provided, the first duct system being delimited by the second pipeline and the second duct system being delimited by the first and second pipeline, and the first pipeline having a free pipe outside.  
   
   
       3 . The combined fluid-air evaporator according to  claim 2 , wherein lamellar plane elements are attached to the pipe outside of the first pipeline.  
   
   
       4 . The combined fluid-air evaporator according to  claim 1 , wherein the at least two duct systems are implemented in the form of a shared pipeline, the pipeline having a pipe surface, and the pipeline has at least one internal partition wall, which divides the volume enclosed by the pipeline into at least two separate pipeline longitudinal parts and via which the at least two pipeline longitudinal parts are in thermal contact with one another.  
   
   
       5 . The combined fluid-air evaporator according to  claim 4 , wherein lamellar plane elements are attached to the pipe surface and/or are in thermal contact therewith.  
   
   
       6 . A use of the combined fluid-air evaporator according to  claim 1  as a refrigerant evaporator, wherein a refrigerant is conducted through one duct system and an exothermic fluid is conducted through the other duct system, and the refrigerant comes into thermal contact both with the exothermic fluid and also, using the lamellar plane elements attached to the free surface, with the directed air flow.  
   
   
       7 . A use of the combined air-fluid evaporator according to  claim 2  as a refrigerant evaporator, wherein the exothermic fluid is conducted through the first duct system, and a refrigerant is conducted through the second duct system.  
   
   
       8 . The use according to  claim 6 , wherein the refrigerant evaporator is part of a heat pump.  
   
   
       9 . A ventilation arrangement for a building having heat absorption from a used air flow directed out of the building, which comes into thermal contact with an outside air flow via an air-air heat exchanger and is in thermal contact with a refrigerant evaporator according to  claim 1 , through which a refrigerant and an exothermic fluid pass, the refrigerant circulating in the loop of a heat pump.  
   
   
       10 . The ventilation arrangement according to  claim 9 , wherein the heat pump has a condenser, which is connected downstream from the air-air heat exchanger in the flow direction in the heated outside air flow, and an intake air flow, which is directed into the building, arises downstream in the flow direction from the condenser.  
   
   
       11 . The ventilation arrangement according to  claim 9  wherein a first valve unit, through which the circulation of the fluid through the heat accumulator system may be regulated, is provided in the loop of the heat accumulator system.  
   
   
       12 . The ventilation arrangement according to  claim 9 , wherein a fluid-air heat exchanger, which may be permeated by the fluid circulating in the loop of the heat accumulator system, is provided in the outside air flow in the flow direction before the air-air heat exchanger.  
   
   
       13 . The ventilation arrangement according to  claim 12 , wherein a second valve unit, through which the inflow of the fluid to the fluid-air heat exchanger may be regulated, is provided in the loop of the heat accumulator system.  
   
   
       14 . The ventilation arrangement according to  claim 9 , wherein an industrial water accumulator, which is thermally coupled to the heat pump, is provided in parallel or in series to the condenser.  
   
   
       15 . The ventilation arrangement according to  claim 9 , wherein the heat accumulator system has a geothermal collector, aerothermal collector, and/or a hydrothermal collector.  
   
   
       16 . The ventilation arrangement according to  claim 9 , wherein a solar collector is provided, which is permeated by a collector flow that may be connected to the fluid-air heat exchanger and/or the combined fluid-air evaporator alternatively or in combination with the fluid circulating in the loop of the heat accumulator system.  
   
   
       17 . The ventilation arrangement according to  claim 9 , wherein a third valve unit, through which the inflow of the combined fluid-air evaporator may be regulated, is provided in the loop of the heat accumulator system.  
   
   
       18 . The ventilation arrangement according to  claim 11 , wherein the valve unit is a three-way valve.  
   
   
       19 . The ventilation arrangement according to  claim 9 , wherein a flow deflection unit is provided in the flow direction upstream from the combined fluid-air evaporator, which may be switched into at least two positions, a first position in which the entire used air flow permeates the combined fluid-air evaporator, and a second position, in which the entire used air flow is conducted past the combined fluid-air evaporator through a bypass channel as an exhaust air flow.  
   
   
       20 . The ventilation arrangement according to  claim 9 , wherein a flow deflection unit is provided connected upstream in the flow direction from the combined fluid-air evaporator, which conducts the used air flow in a variably adjustable or a fixed predefined quantity ratio through the combined fluid-air evaporator and/or through a bypass channel past the combined fluid-air evaporator.  
   
   
       21 . The ventilation arrangement according to  claim 19 , wherein the flow deflection unit is implemented as a flow flap.  
   
   
       22 . The ventilation arrangement according to  claim 19 , wherein the flow deflection unit is implemented as a valve.  
   
   
       23 . The ventilation arrangement according to  claim 12 , wherein the heat pump provides an expanded refrigerant loop, which is thermally coupled to the fluid-air heat exchanger.