Coatings for implantable medical devices

Abstract

An implantable medical device comprising an expandable balloon having an outer surface, a polymer coated on at least a portion of the outer surface of the balloon, and a pharmaceutically active agent dispersed within the polymer.

1 . An implantable medical device, comprising:
 an expandable balloon having an outer surface,   a polymer coated on at least a portion of the outer surface of the balloon,   a pharmaceutically active agent dispersed within the polymer.   
   
   
       2 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the polymer is biodegradable. 
   
   
       3 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the polymer is chosen from poly(l-lactide), racemic polylactide, poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide), racemic poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide), poly(l-lactide-co-caprolactone poly(d,l-lactide-co-caprolactone), poly(l-lactide-co-trimethylene carbonate) and poly(d,l-lactide-co-trimethylene carbonate). 
   
   
       4 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the at least one polymer is chosen from polylactides. 
   
   
       5 . The device of  claim 2 , wherein the pharmaceutically active agent is chosen from heparin, flavonoids, paclitaxel and its analogs, rapamycin and its analogs and benzopyran-4-one compounds. 
   
   
       6 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the device is selected from catheters and intraluminal devices. 
   
   
       7 . The device of  claim 5 , wherein the concentration of the pharmaceutically active agent based on the surface area of the stent ranges from 0.1 to about 5 μg/mm 2 . 
   
   
       8 . The device of  claim 5 , wherein the pharmaceutically active agent is a flavonoid selected from narigenin, naringin, eriodictyol, hesperetin, hesperidin (esperidine), kampferol, quercetin, rutin, cyanidol, meciadonol, catechin, epi-gallocatechin-gallate, taxifolin (dihydroquercetin), genistein, genistin, daidzein, biochanin, glycitein, chrysin, diosmin, luetolin, apigenin, tangeritin and nobiletin. 
   
   
       9 . The device of  claim 8  wherein the pharmaceutically active agent is genistein. 
   
   
       10 . The device of  claim 5  wherein the polymer is chosen from poly(l-lactide), racemic polylactide, poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide), racemic poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide), poly(l-lactide-co-caprolactone poly(d,l-lactide-co-caprolactone), poly(l-lactide-co-trimethylene carbonate) and poly(d,l-lactide-co-trimethylene carbonate). 
   
   
       11 . The device of  claim 10  wherein the polymer is a polylactide. 
   
   
       12 . The device of  claim 1  wherein the polymer contains an electrophilic group and the pharmaceutically active agent contains a nucleophilic group reactive with the electrophilic group to covalently bond the pharmaceutically active agent to the polymer. 
   
   
       13 . Method of revascularizing a luminal passage in a subject comprising:
 selecting a catheter having an expandable balloon,   coating the balloon with a selected polymer in which a selected pharmaceutically active agent is dispersed,   routing the catheter through a predetermined length of the luminal passage,   expanding the balloon at one or more selected positions along the predetermined length.   
   
   
       14 . The method of  claim 13  wherein the polymer is selected from poly(l-lactide), racemic polylactide, poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide), racemic poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide), poly(l-lactide-co-caprolactone poly(d,l-lactide-co-caprolactone), poly(l-lactide-co-trimethylene carbonate) and poly(d,l-lactide-co-trimethylene carbonate). 
   
   
       15 . The method of  claim 13  wherein the pharmaceutically active agent is selected from heparin, flavonoids, paclitaxel and its analogs, rapamycin and its analogs and benzopyran-4-one compounds. 
   
   
       16 . The method of  claim 15  wherein the pharmaceutically active agent is selected from heparin and genistein. 
   
   
       17 . The method of  claim 13  wherein the pharmaceutically active agent is covalently bonded to the polymer.