Total solution for water treatments

Abstract

All pollutants dissolved or existed in water can be grossly classified as ionized and neutral species. The former includes inorganic and organic ions, while the latter contains inorganic molecules, organic molecules and organisms. Using flow through capacitor for performing capacitive deionization (CDI), the ionic contaminants can be effectively and economically removed from water. Whereas the neutral contaminants are not retained in the static electric field of CDI, they can be decomposed upon flowing through an electrolytic ozonator. Either gaseous or ionic products will be generated at the ozone treatment, and the ionic byproducts can be subsequently removed by CDI. By integrating the electrolytic ozone reactor with flow through capacitor, the O 3 /CDI hybrid technique becomes a total solution for eliminating hazardous materials in water. Both the reactor of in-situ ozone and the flow-through capacitor (FTC) of CDI are operated in energy conservative and pollution free conditions, so the detoxification of water is highly cost effective.

1 . A water treatment system for removing contaminant in subject water comprising:
 an inlet for receiving the subject water;   at least one ozone reactor for receiving the subject water from the inlet and providing ozone by electrolyzing the subject water, the ozone reactor including:   a first electrode set for being submerged in the subject water wherein the first electrode set comprises a first electrode and a second electrode; and   a first power supply for applying a direct current voltage below 24V to the first electrode set, wherein the first power supply is capable of changing the polarities of the first and second electrodes at a predetermined interval of time;   at least one flow through capacitor for performing capacitive deionization on the subject water from the ozone reactors and removing ionic contaminant from the subject water, the flow through capacitor including:
 a second electrode set for being submerged in the subject water wherein the second electrode set comprises a third electrode and a fourth electrode; and 
   a second power supply for applying a direct current voltage about 1˜9V to the second electrode set; and   an outlet for draining the subject water from the flow through capacitors.   
   
   
       2 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the first electrode set comprise
 a plurality of identical first metal sheets longitudinal parallel to each other;   a plurality of identical second metal sheets longitudinal parallel to the first metal sheets, wherein the first metal sheets and second metal sheets are arranged alternately;   a first electrical rod penetrating the first and second metal sheets and electrically connecting the first metal sheets to the first power supply, wherein the first electrical rod and the first metal sheets form the first electrode;   a second electrical rod penetrating the first and second metal sheets and electrically connecting the second metal sheets to the first power supply, wherein the second electrical rod and the second metal sheets form the second electrode;   a plurality of first insulators disposed on the first electrical rod for providing electrical insulations between the second metal sheets and the first electrical rod and disposed on the second electrical rod for providing electrical insulations between the first metal sheets and the second electrical rod.   
   
   
       3 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 2 , wherein the first and second metal sheets are in the form of plate or mesh. 
   
   
       4 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 2 , wherein the first and second metal sheets are made of titanium and coated with platinum, iridium oxide, or synthetic diamond. 
   
   
       5 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 2 , wherein the first insulator is a plastic screen or a plastic ring. 
   
   
       6 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 2 , wherein the firth and second electrical rods are made of titanium. 
   
   
       7 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the first power supply including at least one supercapacitor. 
   
   
       8 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 7 , wherein the supercapacitor can amplify an input power by 10 times or more. 
   
   
       9 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 7 , wherein the supercapacitor includes a plurality of units that are divided into two identical modules each has the same operational voltage and capacitance to be switched reciprocally between charging and discharging for providing consistent peak power to the first electrode set. 
   
   
       10 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 1 , the ozone reactor further comprising a housing for allowing subject water flowing through the housing. 
   
   
       11 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the ozone reactor is submerged without a housing in an open body of water. 
   
   
       12 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the second electrode set comprise
 a plurality of identical third metal sheets longitudinal parallel to each other;   a plurality of identical fourth metal sheets longitudinal parallel to the third metal sheets, wherein the third metal sheets and fourth metal sheets are arranged alternately;   a third electrical rod penetrating the third and fourth metal sheets and electrically connecting the third metal sheets to the second power supply, wherein the third electrical rod and the third metal sheets form the third electrode;   a fourth electrical rod penetrating the third and fourth metal sheets and electrically connecting the fourth metal sheets to the second power supply, wherein the fourth electrical rod and the fourth metal sheets form the fourth electrode;   a plurality of second insulators disposed on the third electrical rod for providing electrical insulations between the fourth metal sheets and the third electrical rod and disposed on the fourth electrical rod for providing electrical insulations between the third metal sheets and the forth electrical rod.   
   
   
       13 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein the third and fourth metal sheets are in the form of perforated plate. 
   
   
       14 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein the third and fourth metal sheets are made of titanium or stainless steel and coated with activated carbon, carbon nanotube, or fullerene (C60). 
   
   
       15 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 14 , wherein the carbon nanotube or fullerene (C60) is directly grown on the metal sheet. 
   
   
       16 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein the second insulator is a plastic screen or a plastic ring. 
   
   
       17 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein the third and fourth electrical rods are made of titanium. 
   
   
       18 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the second power supply charging and discharging the second electrode set reciprocally. 
   
   
       19 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the second power supply including at least one supercapacitor. 
   
   
       20 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 19 , wherein the supercapacitor can amplify an input power by 10 times or more. 
   
   
       21 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 19 , wherein the supercapacitor includes a plurality of units that are divided into two identical modules each has the same operational voltage and capacitance to be switched reciprocally between charging and discharging for providing consistent peak power to the second electrode set. 
   
   
       22 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 1 , the flow through capacitor further comprising a housing for allowing subject water flowing through the housing. 
   
   
       23 . The water treatment system as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the flow through capacitor is submerged without a housing in an open body of water.