Rubber for ships

Abstract

The invention relates to a rudder for ships with propeller drive, in which the propeller is arranged to rotate about a propulsion axis, with a rudder blade ( 15 ) and a flow body ( 20 ) arranged on the rudder blade ( 15 ), whereby the flow body designed in a bulb or zeppelin shape is arranged as an extension of the propulsion axis in the region of the rudder blade and is designed to self-destruct or self-detach in the event of an increase in the effect of force, blow, impact or pressure.

1 . A rudder for ships, comprising a rudder blade ( 15 ), to which is assigned a propeller ( 12 ) arranged on a driven propulsion axis, whereby a flow body ( 20 ) is arranged on the rudder blade ( 15 ), which is designed bulb-shaped or zeppelin-shaped and is arranged as an extension of the propulsion axis in the region of the rudder blade ( 15 ),
 characterised in that   the flow body ( 20 ) is designed to be self-destructive or self-releasing in the event of an increase in the effect of force, blow, impact or pressure.   
   
   
       2 . The rudder as claimed in  claim 1 ,
 characterised in that   the flow body ( 20 ) divides the rudder blade ( 15 ), viewed in the direction of height, into two areas (A and B), whereby both areas (A and B) are identical or non-identical in profile.   
   
   
       3 . The rudder as claimed in  claim 1  or  2 ,
 characterised in that   the longitudinal middle lines (LM 1 ) of the areas (A and B) of the rudder blade ( 15 ) do not match the middle lines (ML) of the flow body ( 20 ) or respectively deviate from one another and form an angle α.   
   
   
       4 . The rudder as claimed in  claim 3 ,
 characterised in that   the angle α between the longitudinal middle line (LM 1 ) of a region (A, B) of the rudder blade ( 15 ) is different and the middle line (ML) of the flow body ( 20 ) for both areas (A, B) is different.   
   
   
       5 . The rudder as claimed in any one of  claims 1  to  4 ,
 characterised in that   in forming individual wall sections ( 30 ) the wall ( 25 ) of the flow body ( 20 ) has predetermined break-off lines or respectively predetermined break-off sites ( 40 ), which in the event of an increase in the effect of force, blow, impact or pressure leads to destruction of the flow body ( 20 ) and which are designed as material weaknesses, material reductions, shear lines or perforations.   
   
   
       6 . The rudder as claimed in any one of  claims 1  to  5 ,
 characterised in that   the predetermined break-off lines ( 40 ) are designed running in a longitudinal direction and/or transversely to the longitudinal direction of the flow body ( 20 ) in the wall of the flow body ( 20 ), whereby the predetermined break-off lines ( 40 ) can also be irregular.   
   
   
       7 . The rudder as claimed in any one of  claims 1  to  6 ,
 characterised in that   the predetermined break-off lines ( 40 ) are distributed reticulated over the flow body ( 20 ).   
   
   
       8 . The rudder as claimed in any one of  claims 1  to  7 ,
 characterised in that   the flow body ( 20 ) comprises two individual bowl-shaped longitudinal bodies ( 50 ,  51 ), conforming to the flow body, which are held in the region of their longitudinal edges ( 50   a ,  51   a ) by predetermined break-off lines ( 40 ) on the outer wall faces ( 15   a ,  15   b ) of the rudder blade ( 15 ), whereby the edge regions ( 50   b ,  51   b ) of both bowl-shaped longitudinal bodies ( 50 ,  51 ) facing the propeller ( 12 ) are connected by predetermined break-off lines ( 40 ) to a spherical cap-shaped component ( 55 ), which is connected solidly or detachably to the rudder blade ( 15 ).   
   
   
       9 . The rudder as claimed in any one of  claims 1  to  8 ,
 characterised in that   the rudder blade ( 15 ) has a cross-sectional area ( 16 ), whereof the longitudinal middle line (LM 1 ) is offset at an angle α to the middle line (ML) of the flow body ( 20 ), so that the leading edge stringer strip ( 70 ;  71 ) of the rudder blade ( 15 ) facing the drive propeller ( 12 ) comes to rest outside the middle line (ML) of the flow body ( 20 ).   
   
   
       10 . The rudder as claimed in any one of  claims 1  to  9 ,
 characterised in that   the flow body ( 20 ) and its components ( 50 ,  51 ) comprise metallic or non-metallic materials such as carbon fibre composite materials, or fibre composite materials with embedded graphite fibres or fibre-glass, a metal-non-metal mixture, a synthetic material.   
   
   
       11 . The rudder as claimed in any one of  claims 1  to  10 ,
 characterised in that   the flow body ( 20 ) comprises POM synthetic, such as polyoxymethylene, polyformaldehyde or polyacetates.   
   
   
       12 . The rudder as claimed in any one of  claims 1  to  11 ,
 characterised in that   the leading edge stringer strips ( 70 ,  71 ) of both superposed rudder blade regions (A and B) facing the propeller ( 12 ) are offset to one another such that the leading edge stringer strip ( 70 ) of the upper rudder blade region (A) is offset to the port side (P) and the leading edge stringer strip ( 71 ) is offset to the starboard side (S), or also vice versa, whereby the outer wall faces ( 15   a ,  15   b ) of the rudder blade ( 15 ) are joined in an end strip ( 75 ) averted from the propeller ( 12 ).