Quaternary Ammonium Salt of a Polyalkene-Substituted Amine Compound

Abstract

A quaternary ammonium salt detergent made from the reaction product of the reaction of: (a) polyalkene-substituted amine having at least one tertiary amino group; and (b) a quaternizing agent suitable for converting the tertiary amino group to a quaternary nitrogen and the use of such quaternary ammonium salt detergents in a fuel composition to reduce intake valve deposits.

1 . A composition comprising a quaternary ammonium salt which comprises the reaction product of:
 a. polyalkene-substituted amine having at least one tertiary amino group; and   b. quaternizing agent suitable for converting the tertiary amino group to a quaternary nitrogen.   
     
     
         2 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the quaternizing agent is selected from the group consisting of dialkyl sulfates; alkyl halides; hydrocarbyl substituted carbonates; hydrocarbyl epoxides in combination with an acid; and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         3 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the polyalkene-substituted amine has a number average molecular weight of about 500 to about 3000. 
     
     
         4 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the polyalkene substituent of the polyalkene-substituted amine is derived from a polyisobutylene. 
     
     
         5 . The composition of  claim 1 , further comprising a fuel which is liquid at room temperature. 
     
     
         6 . The composition of  claim 1 , further comprising a fiuidizer. 
     
     
         7 . The composition of  claim 1 , further comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity. 
     
     
         8 . The composition of  claim 7 , further comprising component selected from the group consisting of metal deactivators, detergents other than those of  claim 1 , dispersants, viscosity modifiers, friction modifiers, dispersant viscosity modifiers, extreme pressure agents, antiwear agents, antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, foam inhibitors, demulsifiers, pour point depressants, seal swelling agents, wax control polymers, scale inhibitors, gas-hydrate inhibitors and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         9 . The composition of  claim 8 , wherein the component is an overbased metal containing detergent, zinc dialkyldithiophosphates or mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         10 . A method of fueling an internal combustion engine comprising:
 A. supplying to said engine:
 i. a fuel which is liquid at room temperature; and 
 ii. quaternary ammonium salt comprising the reaction product of:
 a. polyalkene-substituted amine having at least one tertiary amino group; and 
 b. a quaternizing agent suitable for converting the tertiary amino group to a quaternary nitrogen. 
 
   
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein the quaternizing agent is selected from the group consisting of dialkyl sulfates; alkyl halides; hydrocarbyl substituted carbonates; hydrocarbyl epoxides in combination with an acid; or mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         12 . A method of lubricating an internal combustion engine comprising:
 A. supplying to the crankcase of said engine:
 i. an oil of lubricating viscosity; and 
 ii. quaternary ammonium salt comprising the reaction product of:
 a. polyalkene-substituted amine having at least one tertiary amino group; and 
 b. a quaternizing agent suitable for converting the tertiary amino group to a quaternary nitrogen. 
 
   
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein the quaternizing agent is selected from the group consisting of dialkyl sulfates; alkyl halides; hydrocarbyl substituted carbonates; hydrocarbyl epoxides in combination with an acid; and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         14 . A composition comprising: (i) a particulate solid; (ii) an organic medium; and (iii) a quaternary ammonium salt which comprises the reaction product of:
 a. polyalkene-substituted amine having at least one tertiary amino group; and   b. quaternizing agent suitable for converting the tertiary amino group to a quaternary nitrogen.   
     
     
         15 . The composition of  claim 14 , wherein the organic medium is an organic liquid or a plastics material. 
     
     
         16 . The composition of  claim 15 , wherein the organic liquid comprises at least 0.1% by weight of a polar organic liquid based on the total organic liquid. 
     
     
         17 . The composition of  claim 14 , wherein the particulate solid is a pigment. 
     
     
         18 . A paint or ink composition comprising a particulate solid, an organic liquid, a binder and a quaternary ammonium salt which comprises the reaction product of:
 a. polyalkene-substituted amine having at least one tertiary amino group; and   b. quaternizing agent suitable for converting the tertiary amino group to a quaternary nitrogen.   
     
     
         19 . A mill-base comprising a particulate solid, an organic liquid and a quaternary ammonium salt which comprises the reaction product of:
 a. polyalkene-substituted amine having at least one tertiary amino group; and   b. quaternizing agent suitable for converting the tertiary amino group to a quaternary nitrogen.