Multiple metal corrosion inhibitor

Abstract

Disclosed is a lubrican composition comprising a) a lubricant, b) a triazole metal deactivator, c) a borate ester and optionally d) an amine phosphate. The lubricants, e.g. engine oils or functional fluids exhibit low corrosion of lead, copper, iron and zinc. The metal deactivators are 1,2,4-triazoles, for example 1-(di-isooctylaminomethyl)-1,2,4-triazole or 1-(di-(2-ethylhexyl)aminomethyl)-1,2,4-triazole, or are benzotriazoles, for example 1-(2-methoxyprop-2-yl)tolyltriazole, 1-(1-cyclohexyloxypropyl)tolyltriazole, 1-(1-cyclohexyloxyheptyl)tolyltriazole or 1-(1-cyclohexyloxybutyl)tolyltriazole or 1-[bis(2-ethylhexyl)aminomethyl-4-methylbenzotriazole. The borate esters are for example triethyl borate, tripropyl borate, triisopropyle borate, tributyl borate, tripentyl borate, trihexyl borate, tricyclohexyl borate, trioctyl borate, triisooctyl borate, tridecyl borate, tri(C 8 C 10 ) borate, tri (C 12 -C 15 ) borate or oleyl borate. The amine phosphate are for example wherein R 33 is n-hexyl and R 34 is C 11 -C 14 branched alkyl, and when x=1 then y=2; when x=2 then y=1.

1 . A lubricant composition comprising
 a) a lubricant,   b) a triazole metal deactivator,   c) a borate ester and optionally   d) an amine phosphate,   
       where the triazole metal deactivator is a 1,2,4 triazole of the formula (I) 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         where 
         R 1  and R 2  are the same or different and are C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 3 -C 20 alkenyl, C 5 -C 12 cycloalkyl, C 7 -C 13 aralkyl or C 6 -C 10 aryl, or R 1  and R 2 , together with the nitrogen atom to which they are each attached may form a 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocylic ring, or R 1  and R 2  are a group of formula
   R 3 X[(—R 4 —)O] n (—R 4 )— 
 
         where 
         X is O, S or N, 
         R 3  is hydrogen or C 1 -C 20 alkyl, 
         R 4  is C 1 -C 12 alkylene, 
         n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 6, 
         or one of R 1  and R 2  is a group of formula 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or R 2  is a group of formula (II) and R 1  is a group of formula
   —[R 4 ] n —N(R 5 )-A-[N(R 5 ) 2 ] m    
 
         where 
         m is 0 or 1 and, when m is zero, A is a group of formula (II) and, when m is 1, A is alkylene or C 6 -C 10  arylene and R 5  is a group of formula (II); 
       
       or 
       where the triazole metal deactivator is a benzotriazole of the formula (III) 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         where 
         R 6  is C 1 -C 12 alkyl, 
         R 7  is C 1 -C 12 alkyl, C 1 -C 12 alkyl interrupted by one or more O atoms or is C 5 -C 12 cycloalkyl 
       
       and
 R 8  and R 9  are hydrogen or methyl 
 
       or 
       where the triazole metal deactivator is a benzotriazole of the formula (IV) 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         R 10  is hydrogen or C 1 -C 12 alkyl, and 
         R 11  and R 12  are the same or different and are C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 3 -C 20 alkenyl, C 5 -C 12 cycloalkyl, C 7 -C 13 aralkyl or C 6 -C 10 aryl, or R 11  and R 12 , together with the nitrogen atom to which they are each attached may form a 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocylic ring, or R 11  and R 12  are a group of formula
   R 3 X[(—R 4 —)O] n (—R 4 )— 
 
         where 
         X is O, S or N, 
         R 3  is hydrogen or C 1 -C 20 alkyl, 
         R 4  is C 1 -C 12 alkylene, 
         n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 6, 
         or one of R 11  and R 12  is a group of formula 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or R 12  is a group of formula (II) and R 11  is a group of formula
   —[R 4 ] n —N(R 5 )-A-[N(R 5 ) 2 ] m    
 
         where 
         m is 0 or 1 and, when m is zero, A is a group of formula (II) and, when m is 1, A is alkylene or C 6 -C 10 arylene and R 5  is a group of formula (II). 
       
     
     
         2 . A lubricant composition according to  claim 1  where the triazole metal deactivator is a 1,2,4-triazole of the formula (I). 
     
     
         3 . A lubricant composition according to  claim 2  where the 1,2,4-triazole is
 1-(or 4)-(dimethylaminomethyl)triazole,   1-(or 4)-(diethylaminomethyl)triazole,   1-(or 4)-(di-isopropylaminomethyl)triazole,   1-(or 4)-(di-n-butylaminomethyl)triazole,   1-(or 4)-(di-n-hexylaminomethyl)triazole,   1-(or 4)-(di-isooctylaminomethyl)triazole,   1-(or 4)-(di-(2-ethylhexyl)aminomethyl)triazole,   1-(or 4)-(di-n-octylaminomethyl)triazole,   1-(or 4)-(di-n-decylaminomethyl)triazole,   1-(or 4)-(di-n-dodecylaminomethyl)triazole,   1-(or 4)-(di-n-octadecylaminomethyl)triazole,   1-(or 4)-(di-n-eicosylaminomethyl)triazole,   1-(or 4)-[di-(prop-2′-enyl)aminomethyl]triazole,   1-(or 4)-[di-(but-2′-enyl)aminomethyl]triazole,   1-(or 4)-[di-(eicos-2′-enyl)aminomethyl]triazole,   1-(or 4)-(di-cyclohexylaminomethyl)triazole,   1-(or 4)-(di-benzylaminomethyl)triazole,   1-(or 4)-(di-phenylaminomethyl)triazole,   1-(or 4)-(4′-morpholinomethyl)triazole,   1-(or 4)-(1′-pyrrolidinomethyl)triazole,   1-(or 4)-(1′-piperidinomethyl)triazole,   1-(or 4)-(1′-perhydoroazepinomethyl)triazole,   1-(or 4)-(2′,2″-dihydroxyethyl)aminomethyl]triazole,   1-(or 4)-(dibutoxypropyl-aminomethyl)triazole,   1-(or 4)-(dibutylthiopropyl-aminomethyl)triazole,   1-(or 4)-(di-butylaminopropyl-aminomethyl)triazole,   N,N-bis-(1- or 4-triazolylmethyl)laurylamine,   N,N-bis-(1- or 4-triazolylmethyl)oleylamine,   N,N-bis-(1- or 4-triazolylmethyl)ethanolamine or   N,N,N′,N′-tetra(1- or 4-triazolylmethyl)ethylene diamine.   
     
     
         4 . A lubricant composition according to  claim 2  where the 1,2,4-triazole is 1-(di-isooctylaminomethyl)-1,2,4-triazole or 1-(di-(2-ethylhexyl)aminomethyl)-1,2,4-triazole. 
     
     
         5 . A lubricant composition according to  claim 1  where the triazole metal deactivator is a benzotriazole of the formula (III). 
     
     
         6 . A lubricant composition according to  claim 5  where the benzotriazole is
 1-(2-methoxyprop-2-yl)tolyltriazole,   1-(1-methoxyethyl)tolyltriazole,   1-(1-methoxpropyl)tolyltriazole,   1-(1-isobutoxybutyl)tolyltriazole,   1-(1-tert-butoxybutyl)tolyltriazole,   1-(1-hexyloxybutyl)tolyltriazole,   1-(1-octyloxybutyl)tolyltriazole,   1-(1-butoxy-2-methylpropyl)tolyltriazole,   1-(1-dodecyloxybutyl)tolyltriazole,   1-(1-isopropyloxyethyl)tolyltriazole,   1-(1-isopropyloxypropyl)tolyltriazole,   1-(1-isopropyloxybutyl)tolyltriazole,   1-(1-cyclohexyloxypropyl)tolyltriazole,   1-(1-cyclohexyloxyheptyl)tolyltriazole,   1-(1-cyclohexyloxybutyl)tolyltriazole,   1-[1-(2-methoxyethoxy)butyl]tolyltriazole or   1-[1-(2-ethoxyethoxy)butyl]tolyltriazole.   
     
     
         7 . A lubricant composition according to  claim 5  where the benzotriazole is 1-(2-methoxyprop-2-yl)tolyltriazole, 1-(1-cyclohexyloxypropyl)tolyltriazole, 1-(1-cyclohexyloxyheptyl)tolyltriazole or 1-(1-cyclohexyloxybutyl)tolyltriazole. 
     
     
         8 . A lubricant composition according to  claim 1  where the triazole metal deactivator is a benzotriazole of the formula (IV) 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         R 10  is hydrogen or C 1 -C 12 alkyl, and 
         R 11  and R 12  are the same or different and are C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 3 -C 20 alkenyl, C 5 -C 12 cycloalkyl, C 7 -C 13 aralkyl or C 6 -C 10 aryl, or R 11  and R 12 , together with the nitrogen atom to which they are each attached may form a 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocylic ring, or R 11  and R 12  are a group of formula
   R 3 X[(—R 4 —)O] n (—R 4 )— 
 
         where 
         X is O, S or N, 
         R 3  is hydrogen or C 1 -C 20 alkyl, 
         R 4  is C 1 -C 12 alkylene, 
         n is O or an integer from 1 to 6, 
         or one of R 11  and R 12  is a group of formula 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or R 12  is a group of formula (II) and R 11  is a group of formula
   —[R 4 ] n —N(R 5 )-A-[N(R 5 ) 2 ] m    
 
         where 
         m is 0 or 1 and, when m is zero, A is a group of formula (II) and, when m is 1, A is alkylene or C 6 -C 10 arylene and R 5  is a group of formula (II). 
       
     
     
         9 . A lubricant composition according to  claim 8  where R 10  is hydrogen or methyl. 
     
     
         10 . A lubricant composition according to  claim 8  where the metal deactivator is 1-[bis-(2-ethylhexyl)aminomethyl-4-methylbenzotriazole. 
     
     
         11 . A lubricant composition according to  claim 1  where the borate ester is of the formula (R 15 O) 3 B or 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         where 
         R 15  is independently hydrogen, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 3 -C 20 alkenyl, C 5 -C 12 cycloalkyl, C 7 -C 13 aralkyl or C 6 -C 10 aryl, with the proviso that at least one R 15  group is not hydrogen. 
       
     
     
         12 . A lubricant composition according to  claim 11  where all three R 15  groups are a C 4 -C 16  alkyl group. 
     
     
         13 . A lubricant composition according to  claim 11  where the borate ester is of the formula (R 15 O) 3 B. 
     
     
         14 . A lubricant composition according to  claim 11  where the borate ester is triethyl borate, tripropyl borate, triisopropyle borate, tributyl borate, tripentyl borate, trihexyl borate, tricyclohexyl borate, trioctyl borate, triisooctyl borate, tridecyl borate, tri(C 8 C 10 )borate, tri (C 12 -C 15 )borate or oleyl borate. 
     
     
         15 . A lubricant composition according to  claim 1  comprising an amine phosphate which is a mono- or di-acid amine phosphate of the formula 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein
 R 27  is hydrogen, C 1 -C 25  linear or branched chain alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more C 1 -C 6 alkoxy groups, a saturated acyclic or alicyclic group, or aryl; 
 R 28  is C 1 -C 25  linear or branched chain alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more C 1 -C 6 alkoxy groups, a saturated acyclic or alicyclic group, or aryl; 
 R 29  is hydrogen, C 1 -C 25  linear or branched chain alkyl, a saturated or unsaturated acyclic or alicyclic group, or aryl; and 
 R 30  and R 31  are, each independently of the other, C 1 -C 25  linear or branched chain alkyl, a saturated or unsaturated acyclic or alicyclic group, or aryl. 
 
     
     
         16 . A lubricant composition according to  claim 15  where R 27  and R 28  are linear or branched C 1 -C 12 alkyl and R 29 , R 30  and R 31  are linear or branched C 1 -C 18  alkyl. 
     
     
         17 . A lubricant composition according to  claim 15  where the amine phosphates are of the formula 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein R 33  is n-hexyl and R 34  is C 11 -C 14  branched alkyl, and when x=1 then y=2; when x=2 then y=1. 
     
     
         18 . A lubricant composition according to  claim 1  where the triazole metal deactivator is present at a level of about 0.01 to about 0.30 percent by weight, based on the weight of the lubricant. 
     
     
         19 . A lubricant composition according to  claim 1  where the borate ester is present at a level of about 0.02 to about 1.0 percent by weight, based on the weight of the lubricant. 
     
     
         20 . A lubricant composition according to  claim 1  comprising an amine phosphate which is present at a level of about 0.02 to about 0.50 percent by weight, based on the weight of the lubricant. 
     
     
         21 . A method for controlling the corrosion of lead, copper, iron and zinc in a lubricant,
 which method comprises incorporating into a lubricant   b) a triazole metal deactivator,   c) a borate ester and optionally   d) an amine phosphate.   
     
     
         22 . A lubricant additive composition, which composition comprises
 b) a triazole metal deactivator,   c) a borate ester and   a dispersant.   
     
     
         23 . A lubricant composition according to  claim 1  which is a low ash, low phosphorus engine oil or is an industrial lubricant.