Multipath Processing for GPS Receivers

Abstract

A GPS receiver system determines the presence of trackable signals at code delays less than the prompt delay being tracked for a particular signal and changes the prompt delay to correspond to the smallest code delay having a trackable signal. Trackable signals at large code delays are multipath signals and may be separately tracked to aid in dead reckoning. The trackable signals at code delays not adjacent to the current tracked prompt delay may be tracked in the same channel as the prompt delay so that all satellite channels are continuously evaluated for multipath signals being tracked or a non-satellite specific channel may be used to sequentially step through the satellite signals to evaluate multipath on a satellite by satellite basis.

1 . A method of operating a spread spectrum receiver comprising:
 tracking a first signal as a direct signal;   tracking a second signal as a multipath signal;   monitoring the delay between the direct signal and the multipath signal;   when the delay is within 1.5 chips, modeling the correlation products for the multipath signal; and   compensating for the modeled correlation product.   
   
   
       2 . The method of  claim 1  wherein compensating for the modeled correlation product comprises subtracting the modeled correlation from the direct signal correlation. 
   
   
       3 . The method of  claim 1  wherein tracking a second signal comprises:
 detecting a plurality of second signals;   comparing the magnitudes of the second signals; and   tracking the second signal having the greatest magnitude.   
   
   
       4 . The method of  claim 1  further comprising:
 when the direct signal is obscured, tracking the multipath signal as the direct path signal.   
   
   
       5 . The method of  claim 1  further comprising:
 tracking changes in the progression of the delay; and   maintaining a model of the direct signal based on the progression of the delay.   
   
   
       6 . The method of  claim 5  further comprising:
 when the direct signal is obscured, using the modeled direct path signal as the direct path signal.   
   
   
       7 . A spread spectrum receiver comprising:
 means for tracking a first signal as a direct signal;   means for tracking a second signal as a multipath signal;   means for monitoring the delay between the direct signal and the multipath signal;   means for modeling the correlation products for the multipath signal when the delay is within 1.5 chips; and   means for compensating for the modeled correlation product.   
   
   
       8 . The receiver of  claim 7  wherein the compensating means comprises means for subtracting the modeled correlation from the direct signal correlation. 
   
   
       9 . The receiver of  claim 7  wherein means for tracking a second signal comprises:
 means for detecting a plurality of second signals;   means for comparing the magnitudes of the second signals; and   means for tracking the second signal having the greatest magnitude.   
   
   
       10 . The receiver of  claim 7  further comprising:
 means for tracking the multipath signal as the direct path signal when the direct signal is obscured.   
   
   
       11 . The receiver of  claim 10  further comprising:
 means for tracking changes in the progression of the delay; and   means for maintaining a model of the direct signal based on the progression of the delay.   
   
   
       12 . The receiver of  claim 11  further comprising:
 means for using the modeled direct path signal as the direct path signal, when the direct signal is obscured.