Expandable proximal reamer

Abstract

A reamer for reaming a portion of a long bone cavity for use in implanting a joint prosthesis. The reamer is used in cooperation with a portion of an orthopaedic implant component and includes an expandable body that is adapted to adjust between a plurality of diameters. A plurality of cutting edges are also included and extend outwardly from the body, the edges adapted for cooperation with bone, and the cutting edges expanding as the expandable body expands.

1 . A reamer for reaming a portion of a long bone cavity for use in implanting a joint prosthesis, the reamer for cooperation with a portion of an orthopaedic implant component, the reamer comprising:
 an expandable body, the expandable body adapted to adjust between a plurality of diameters; and   a plurality of cutting edges extending outwardly from the body, the edges adapted for cooperation with bone, the cutting edges expanding as the expandable body expands.   
   
   
       2 . The reamer of  claim 1 , wherein the body comprises at least one gear, the at least one gear for adjusting the diameter of the reamer. 
   
   
       3 . The reamer of  claim 2 , further comprising a gauge coupled to the at least one gear for rotating the gear. 
   
   
       4 . The reamer of  claim 1 , wherein the body is cone-shaped including a proximal region and a distal region. 
   
   
       5 . The reamer of  claim 4 , wherein the diameter of the proximal region of the reamer is expanded more relative to the distal region. 
   
   
       6 . The reamer of  claim 1 , wherein the body includes longitudinal channels, such that the longitudinal channels enlarge when the body is expanded. 
   
   
       7 . The reamer of  claim 1 , wherein the reamer is one of a cylindrical reamer adapted to ream a cylindrical portion of a long bone and a conical reamer adapted to ream a conical portion of a long bone. 
   
   
       8 . The reamer of  claim 1 , wherein the body further includes at least one of a mechanical system, a hydraulic system, or a pneumatic system to expand the body. 
   
   
       9 . A method for reaming a portion of a long bone cavity for use in implanting a joint prosthesis, the reamer for cooperation with a portion of an orthopaedic implant component, the method comprising;
 reaming a cylindrical portion of the long bone using a cylindrical reamer; and   reaming a conical portion of the long bone using a conical reamer;   wherein at least one of the cylindrical reamer and conical reamer is an expandable reamer, such that the at least one of the cylindrical reamer and conical reamer includes an expandable body adapted to adjust between a plurality of diameters.   
   
   
       10 . The method of  claim 9 , further comprising inserting a gauge into the cylindrical reamer to adjust the diameter of the cylindrical reamer. 
   
   
       11 . The method of  claim 9 , further comprising attaching a pilot shaft to the conical reamer, the pilot shaft being expandable. 
   
   
       12 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein the pilot shaft includes a sleeve and a pair of threaded screws coupled to the sleeve, the method including increasing the diameter of the pilot shaft by rotating the sleeve and causing the threaded screws to extend into the expandable body. 
   
   
       13 . The method of  claim 9 , wherein the conical reamer includes a distal region and a proximal region and the diameter of the conical region is expanded more relative to the distal region. 
   
   
       14 . The method of  claim 9 , wherein the conical reamer is a proximal reamer and the cylindrical reamer is a distal reamer. 
   
   
       15 . A kit for reaming a portion of a long bone cavity for use in implanting a joint prosthesis, the reamers for cooperation with portions of an orthopaedic implant component, the kit comprising:
 a distal reamer for reaming a distal portion of the long bone;   a proximal reamer for reaming a proximal portion of the long bone; and   a pilot shaft for insertion into a reamed distal portion and attachment to the proximal reamer during the reaming of the proximal portion;   wherein at least one of the distal reamer, proximal reamer, and pilot shaft is expandable, such that the at least one of the distal reamer, proximal reamer, and pilot shaft includes an expandable body adapted to adjust between a plurality of diameters.   
   
   
       16 . The kit of  claim 15 , wherein the expandable body comprises at least one gear, the at least one gear for adjusting the diameter of the reamer. 
   
   
       17 . The kit of  claim 16 , further comprising at least one of a gauge and a threaded expansion rod coupled to the at least one gear for rotating the gear. 
   
   
       18 . The kit of  claim 15 , wherein the expandable body is cone-shaped including a proximal region and a distal region and the diameter of the proximal region of the reamer is expanded more relative to the distal region. 
   
   
       19 . The kit of  claim 15 , wherein the expandable body includes longitudinal channels, such that the longitudinal channels enlarge when the expandable body is expanded. 
   
   
       20 . The kit of  claim 15 , wherein the expandable body includes an outer sleeve coupled to a pair of threaded screws, such that when the sleeve is rotated, the threaded screws extend into the expandable body, increasing the diameter of the pilot shaft.