Portable drag compressor powered mechanical ventilator

Abstract

A ventilator, device and system comprising a rotating compressor, preferably a drag compressor, which, at the beginning of each inspiratory ventilation phase, is accelerated to a sufficient speed to deliver the desired inspiratory gas flow, and is subsequently stopped or decelerated to a basal flow level to permit the expiratory ventilation phase to occur. The ventilator device is small and light weight enough to be utilized in portable applications. The ventilator device is power efficient enough to operate for extended periods of time on internal or external batteries. Also provided is an oxygen blending apparatus which utilizes solenoid valves having specific orifice sizes for blending desired amounts of oxygen into the inspiratory gas flow. Also provided is an exhalation valve having an exhalation flow transducer which incorporates a radio frequency data base to provide an attendant controller with specific calibration information for the exhalation flow transducer.

1 . A rotary drag compressor ventilator device for ventilating the lungs of a mammalian patient, said device comprising:
 A. a rotary drag compressor comprising:
 i. a housing having a gas inflow passageway and a gas outflow passageway; 
 ii. a rotor mounted within said housing, said rotor having a multiplicity of blades formed circularly therearound such that, when said rotor is rotated in a first direction, said blades will compress gas within said housing and expel said compressed gas out of said outflow passageway; 
   B. a controller apparatus to intermittently accelerate and decelerate the rotation of said rotor so as to deliver discrete periods of inspiratory gas flow through said outflow passageway.   
   
   
       2 - 96 . (canceled) 
   
   
       97 . A ventilator for ventilating lungs of a mammal, the ventilator comprising:
 a compressor having a rotor mounted therein to compress and expel lung inspiratory gas by sequentially accelerated and decelerated rotation thereof, wherein said accelerated and decelerated rotation of the rotor occurs over a single breathing cycle.   
   
   
       98 . A lung ventilator, comprising:
 a compressor to compress lung inspiratory gas by accelerated rotation of the rotor, and to expel lung inspiratory gas by decelerated rotation of the rotor, wherein said accelerated and decelerated rotation of the rotor occurs over a single breathing cycle.   
   
   
       99 . A compressor ventilator for ventilating lungs of a mammal, said ventilator comprising:
 a compressor including a gas outflow passageway; and   a controller in communication with the compressor;   wherein the controller accelerates and decelerates the compressor in correspondence with discrete periods of inspiratory gas flow through the gas outflow passageway, said discrete periods each corresponding to a discrete inspiratory cycle of a said mammal, the inspiratory gas flow being delivered to the lungs at a predetermined flow rate in at least one said discrete period and at a predetermined pressure in at least one said discrete period.   
   
   
       100 . A compressor ventilator device for delivering inspiratory gas flow to a mammal, said device comprising:
 a compressor including an intake port and an outflow port;   an inspiratory gas flow passageway in fluid communication with the mammal and the outflow port of the compressor;   a motor drivingly coupled to the compressor; and   a controller in communication with the motor;   wherein the controller accelerates the motor at a beginning of an inspiratory phase of a ventilation cycle of the mammal, regulates the motor to maintain a steady delivery of inspiratory at a middle of the inspiratory phase, and decelerates the motor at an ending of the inspiratory phase, thereby to deliver discrete periods of inspiratory gas flow at a predetermined flow rate and pressure.   
   
   
       101 . The compressor ventilator of  claim 99 , wherein inspiratory gas flow is delivered in at least one said discrete period according to an intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) or synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) mode of operation. 
   
   
       102 . The compressor ventilator of  claim 99 , wherein inspiratory gas flow is delivered in at least one said discrete period according to a controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) or assist/control mechanical ventilation (A/C) mode of operation. 
   
   
       103 . The compressor ventilator of  claim 99 , wherein inspiratory gas flow is delivered in at least one said discrete period according to a pressure support breath mode of operation. 
   
   
       104 . The compressor ventilator of  claim 103 , wherein said at least one said discrete period ends when said mammal's inspiratory flow has diminished to a preset baseline level. 
   
   
       105 . The compressor ventilator of  claim 103 , wherein said ventilator is programmed to ensure that a preselected tidal volume is delivered during said at least one said discrete period of said pressure support breath mode of operation. 
   
   
       106 . The compressor ventilator of  claim 99 , wherein the ventilator is capable of delivering said predetermined flow rate of inspiratory gas flow in at least one said discrete period according to an intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV), synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV), controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) or assist/control mechanical ventilation (A/C) mode of operation, and is capable of delivering said predetermined pressure of inspiratory gas flow in at least one said discrete period according to a pressure-controlled breath, pressure support breath or volume assured pressure support (VAPS) mode of operation. 
   
   
       107 . The compressor ventilator of  claim 99 , wherein said compressor comprises a motor-driven rotor to expel lung inspiratory gas through said gas outflow passageway by sequentially accelerated and decelerated rotation of the rotor. 
   
   
       108 . The compressor ventilator device of  claim 100 , wherein during at least one said discrete period the controller regulates the motor to maintain a steady delivery of inspiratory gas at a predetermined flow rate based on one or more of a preset tidal volume, peak flow and wave form setting. 
   
   
       109 . The compressor ventilator device of  claim 108 , wherein said steady delivery of inspiratory gas is based on a wave form setting selected from the group consisting of a square flow wave form and a decelerating taper flow wave form. 
   
   
       110 . The compressor ventilator of  claim 100 , wherein inspiratory gas flow is delivered in at least one said discrete period according to an intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) or synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) mode of operation. 
   
   
       111 . The compressor ventilator of  claim 100 , wherein inspiratory gas flow is delivered in at least one said discrete period according to a controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) or assist/control mechanical ventilation (A/C) mode of operation. 
   
   
       112 . The compressor ventilator of  claim 100 , wherein inspiratory gas flow is delivered in at least one said discrete period according to a pressure support breath mode of operation. 
   
   
       113 . The compressor ventilator of  claim 112 , wherein said at least one said discrete period ends when said mammal's inspiratory flow has diminished to a preset baseline level. 
   
   
       114 . The compressor ventilator of  claim 112 , wherein said ventilator is programmed to ensure that a preselected tidal volume is delivered during said at least one said discrete period of said pressure support breath mode of operation. 
   
   
       115 . The compressor ventilator of  claim 100 , wherein the ventilator is capable of delivering said predetermined flow rate of inspiratory gas flow in at least one said discrete period according to an intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV), synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV), controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) or assist/control mechanical ventilation (A/C) mode of operation, and is capable of delivering said predetermined pressure of inspiratory gas flow in at least one said discrete period according to a pressure-controlled breath, pressure support breath or volume assured pressure support (VAPS) mode of operation. 
   
   
       116 . The compressor ventilator of  claim 100 , wherein said compressor comprises a motor-driven rotor to expel lung inspiratory gas through said outflow port by sequentially accelerated and decelerated rotation of the rotor.