Coil Anchor Systems and Methods of Use

Abstract

Described herein is a coil anchor having an anchor body configured for placement within a large diameter blood vessel, wherein the anchor body includes a radially expandable sidewall, a proximal opening dimensioned to receive an embolic coil, and a distal opening dimensioned to permit blood flow within the blood vessel. The coil anchor further includes at least one coil retaining element configured to retain the embolic coil within the blood vessel while permitting blood flow within the blood vessel.

1 . A coil anchor, comprising:
 an anchor body configured for placement within a large diameter blood vessel, wherein the anchor body includes a radially expandable sidewall, a proximal opening dimensioned to receive an embolic coil, and a distal opening dimensioned to permit blood flow within the blood vessel; and   the anchor body further comprising at least one coil retaining element configured to retain the embolic coil within the blood vessel while permitting blood flow prior to occlusion of the blood vessel.   
   
   
       2 . The coil anchor of  claim 1 , wherein the anchor body is generally cylindrical. 
   
   
       3 . The coil anchor of  claim 2 , wherein the anchor body has an outer diameter in a range of about 2 mm and 30 mm. 
   
   
       4 . The coil anchor of  claim 1 , wherein the retaining element is positioned at the distal opening. 
   
   
       5 . The coil anchor of  claim 4 , wherein a second retaining element is positioned at the proximal opening. 
   
   
       6 . The coil anchor of  claim 1 , wherein the retaining element is positioned between the proximal opening and the distal opening. 
   
   
       7 . The coil anchor of  claim 1 , wherein the retaining element includes at least one of multiple wires extending across an inner region of the anchor body, a net, an internal protrusion extending from an inner wall of the anchor body, and combinations thereof. 
   
   
       8 . The coil anchor of  claim 6 , wherein the internal protrusion includes at least one of a knob, a hook, a barb, a threaded structure, and combinations thereof. 
   
   
       9 . The coil anchor of  claim 1 , wherein the anchor body is self-expanding. 
   
   
       10 . The coil anchor of  claim 1 , wherein the anchor body is balloon expandable. 
   
   
       11 . The coil anchor of  claim 1 , wherein the sidewall includes a mesh structure. 
   
   
       12 . The coil anchor of  claim 1 , wherein the proximal opening includes a first dimension and the distal opening includes a second dimension different from the first dimension. 
   
   
       13 . The coil anchor of  claim 1 , wherein the distal opening is configured to receive a guidewire. 
   
   
       14 . The coil anchor of  claim 1 , wherein the anchor body includes a surface feature adapted to mate with the blood vessel. 
   
   
       15 . The coil anchor of  claim 14 , wherein the surface feature is selected from the group consisting of a knob, a hook, a barb, and combinations thereof. 
   
   
       16 . The coil anchor of  claim 1 , wherein the coil anchor is at least partially formed from a material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, titanium, nickel, platinum, a polymer, and combinations thereof. 
   
   
       17 . The coil anchor of  claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the anchor body is formed of a material that is imageable using radiological techniques. 
   
   
       18 . The coil anchor of  claim 1 , wherein the anchor body is bifurcated. 
   
   
       19 . The coil anchor of  claim 18 , wherein the bifurcated anchor body includes a plurality of distal openings. 
   
   
       20 . The coil anchor of  claim 1 , further including one or more materials configured to promote thrombosis. 
   
   
       21 . The coil anchor of  claim 20 , wherein the one or more materials is selected from the group consisting of at least one fiber extending from the sidewall, a coating positioned on the sidewall, and combinations thereof. 
   
   
       22 . A vessel occlusion method, the method comprising the steps of:
 positioning a coil anchor in a large diameter blood vessel, wherein the coil anchor includes a radially expandable sidewall, a proximal opening dimensioned to receive an embolic coil, a distal opening, and the coil anchor further comprising at least one coil retaining element configured to retain an embolic coil within the blood vessel;   expanding the coil anchor within the blood vessel; and   delivering at least one embolic coil into the blood vessel, wherein the retaining element prevents the at least one embolic coil from migrating downstream of the coil anchor.   
   
   
       23 . The method of  claim 22 , wherein the coil anchor is generally cylindrical. 
   
   
       24 . The method of  claim 23 , wherein the coil anchor has an outer diameter in a range of about 2 mm to 30 mm. 
   
   
       25 . The method of  claim 22 , wherein the retaining element is positioned at the distal opening. 
   
   
       26 . The method of  claim 25 , wherein a second retaining element is positioned proximate to the proximal opening. 
   
   
       27 . The method of  claim 22 , wherein the retaining element is positioned between the proximal opening and the distal opening. 
   
   
       28 . The method of  claim 22 , wherein the retaining element includes at least one of multiple wires extending across an inner region of the coil anchor, a net, an internal protrusion extending from an inner wall of the coil anchor, and combinations thereof. 
   
   
       29 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein the internal protrusion includes at least one of a knob, a hook, a barb, a threaded structure, and combinations thereof. 
   
   
       30 . The method of  claim 22 , wherein the coil anchor further includes one or more materials configured to promote thrombosis. 
   
   
       31 . An occlusion system, comprising:
 an embolic coil; and   a coil anchor configured for placement within a large diameter blood vessel, wherein the coil anchor includes a radially expandable sidewall, a proximal opening dimensioned to receive the embolic coil, a distal opening dimensioned to permit blood flow within the blood vessel, and the coil anchor further comprising at least one coil retaining element configured to retain the embolic coil within the blood vessel while permitting blood flow within the blood vessel.   
   
   
       32 . The occlusion system of  claim 31 , wherein the coil anchor has an outer diameter in a range of about 2 mm to 30 mm. 
   
   
       33 . The occlusion system of  claim 31 , wherein the retaining element is positioned at the distal opening. 
   
   
       34 . The occlusion system of  claim 31 , wherein the retaining element is positioned between the proximal opening and the distal opening. 
   
   
       35 . The occlusion system of  claim 31 , wherein the retaining element includes at least one of multiple wires extending across an inner region of the coil anchor, a net, an internal protrusion extending from an inner wall of the coil anchor, and combinations thereof. 
   
   
       36 . The occlusion system of  claim 31 , wherein the internal protrusion includes at least one of a knob, a hook, a barb, a threaded structure, and combinations thereof. 
   
   
       37 . The occlusion system of  claim 31 , wherein the coil anchor includes a surface feature adapted to mate with the blood vessel.