Adjuvant or Pharmaceutical Preparation for Transdermal or Transmucousal Administration

Abstract

An adjuvant for transdermal or transmucosal administration which comprises at least one substance selected from an aliphatic alcohol, a free fatty acid and a fatty acid derivative but does not contain a substance represented by the following formula: wherein R 3 and R 4 may together form a cyclic ring, and R 1 and R 2 independently represent an alkyl side chain having 1 to 16 carbon atoms.

1 . An adjuvant for transdermal or transmucosal administration, the adjuvant comprising at least one selected from aliphatic alcohols, free fatty acids, and fatty acid derivatives but not comprising one represented by the formula below. 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein R 3  and R 4  may be bonded to form a cyclic ring, and R 1  and R 2  are independently an alkyl side chain containing 1 to 16 carbon atoms. 
   
   
       2 . The adjuvant according to  claim 1 , wherein at least one of the aliphatic alcohols is a saturated or unsaturated straight-chain or branched alcohol having 8 to 20 carbons. 
   
   
       3 . The adjuvant according to  claim 2 , wherein at least one of the aliphatic alcohols is lauryl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, octyldodecanol, or decanol. 
   
   
       4 . The adjuvant according to  claim 1 , wherein at least one of the fatty acid derivatives is a fatty acid ester. 
   
   
       5 . The adjuvant according to  claim 4 , wherein at least one of the fatty acid esters has a fatty acid carbon number of 10 to 20 and a degree of unsaturation of the fatty acid of 0 or 1. 
   
   
       6 . The adjuvant according to  claim 4 , wherein at least one of the fatty acid esters is a monovalent fatty acid ester. 
   
   
       7 . The adjuvant according to  claim 6 , wherein at least one of the monovalent fatty acid esters is sorbitan monolaurate, propylene glycol monolaurate, isopropyl myristate, sorbitan monooleate, glycerol monooleate, cetyl palmitate, or oleyl oleate. 
   
   
       8 . The adjuvant according to  claim 1 , wherein at least one of the free fatty acids is a saturated or unsaturated straight-chain or branched fatty acid having 8 to 20 carbons. 
   
   
       9 . The adjuvant according to  claim 8 , wherein at least one of the free fatty acids is oleic acid, linoleic acid, γ-linolenic acid, linolenic acid, lauric acid, stearic acid, or palmitic acid. 
   
   
       10 . A pharmaceutical preparation comprising the adjuvant according to  claim 1 . 
   
   
       11 . The pharmaceutical preparation according to  claim 10 , wherein it further comprises at least one type of antigen. 
   
   
       12 . The pharmaceutical preparation according to  claim 10 , wherein it is used in transdermal or transmucosal administration. 
   
   
       13 . The pharmaceutical preparation according to  claim 12 , wherein it is at least one type of an ointment, a cream, a powder, a gel, a suppository, a poultice, a patch preparation, a lotion, a liquid, and a liniment. 
   
   
       14 . The pharmaceutical preparation according to  claim 13 , wherein it is a matrix type or layer type tape preparation or a reservoir type patch preparation. 
   
   
       15 . The pharmaceutical preparation according to  claim 10 , wherein it is applied to intact skin or mucous membrane or physically or chemically treated skin or mucous membrane. 
   
   
       16 . The pharmaceutical preparation according to  claim 15 , wherein the physical or chemical treatment involves at least one of laser irradiation, skin abrasion, and microneedle, thermal, ultrasonic, electric field, magnetic field, pressure, and alkali treatments. 
   
   
       17 . The pharmaceutical preparation according to  claim 10 , wherein it is applied by at least one of skin abrasion, microneedle, and needle-free injection. 
   
   
       18 . The pharmaceutical preparation according to  claim 17 , wherein part or the whole surface of a needle portion of a microneedle is coated with an antigen and/or an adjuvant. 
   
   
       19 . The pharmaceutical preparation according to  claim 10 , wherein it is applied by at least one of hydration, denaturing, pore formation, exfoliation, bypass formation, and change in lamellar structure of the stratum corneum. 
   
   
       20 . The pharmaceutical preparation according to  claim 19 , wherein it is applied by at least one of iontophoresis, sonophoresis, or electroporation.