Methods for forming light active devices

Abstract

A method for forming an organic light active device, including providing a first electrode and a second electrode defining a gap there between. A plurality of first particles comprised of a hole transport material and a plurality of second particles comprised of an electron transport material is also provided. The method includes bringing respective ones of the first particles and the second particles together to form organic light active particulate having a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer engaging one another and forming a heterojunction there between. The method also includes disposing within the gap the organic light active particulate dispersed within a carrier.

1 ) A method for forming an organic light active device, comprising the steps of: providing a first electrode and a second electrode defining a gap there between, a plurality of first particles comprised of a hole transport material and a plurality of second particles comprised of an electron transport material; bringing respective ones of the first particles and the second particles together to form an organic light active particulate having a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer engaging one another and forming a heterojunction therebetween; and disposing within the gap the organic light active particulate dispersed within a carrier. 
     
     
         2 ) A method for forming an organic light active device according to  claim 1 ; wherein the organic light active particulate comprises field reactive organic light active particulate randomly dispersed within the carrier; and further comprising the step of applying an aligning field between the first electrode and the second electrode to form a desired orientation of the field reactive organic light active particulate within the carrier between the first electrode and the second electrode. 
     
     
         3 ) A method for forming an organic light active device according to  claim 2 ; wherein the carrier comprises a hardenable material; and further comprising the steps of hardening the carrier to maintain the desired orientation of the organic light active particulate within the carrier. 
     
     
         4 ) A method for forming an organic light active device according to  claim 1 ; wherein each of the first particles has a net first electrical charge and each of the second particles has a net second electrical charge, the first electrical charge being opposite polarity from the second electrical charge for bringing respective ones of the first particles and the second particles together to form the organic light active particulate. 
     
     
         5 ) A method for forming an organic light active device according to  claim 4 ; wherein the first particle further includes at least one of an emissive or receptive photon-active layer. 
     
     
         6 ) A method for forming an organic light active device according to  claim 1 ; wherein the organic light active particulate is formed by microencapsulating an internal phase within a shell, at least one of the internal phase and the shell including an organic light active material and at least one of the internal phase and the shell including a field reactive material comprising at least one of an electrostatic material and a magnetically reactive material. 
     
     
         7 ) A method for forming an organic light active device according to  claim 1 ; wherein the organic light active particulate is formed by microencapsulating an internal phase within a shell, the internal phase comprising at least one of an organic light active emitter material and an organic light active hole transport material in a solution. 
     
     
         8 ) A method for forming an organic light active device according to  claim 7 ; wherein at least one of the internal phase and the shell includes a field reactive component. 
     
     
         9 ) A method for forming an organic light active device according to  claim 1 ; wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode comprises an electrode grid for forming organic light active pixels between the first electrode and the second electrode. 
     
     
         10 ) A method for forming an organic light active device according to  claim 1 ; wherein the organic light active particulate dispersed within the carrier is disposed within the gap through a nozzle. 
     
     
         11 ) A method for forming a light active device according to  claim 1 ; wherein the organic light active particulate dispersed within the carrier is disposed within the gap through an inkjet nozzle. 
     
     
         12 ) A method for forming an organic light active device, comprising the steps of providing a carrier, a plurality of first particles comprised of a hole transport material and a plurality of second particles comprised of an electron transport material; bringing respective ones of the first particles and the second particles together to form an organic light active particulate having a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer engaging one another and forming a heterojunction therebetween; dispersing the organic light active particulate within the carrier; providing a first electrode layer; coating a layer of the carrier dispersed with the organic light active particulate on the first electrode layer; and providing a second electrode layer on top of the coated layer of the carrier dispersed with the organic light active particulate. 
     
     
         13 ) A method for forming an organic light active device according to  claim 12 ; wherein the organic light active particulate comprises field reactive organic light active particulate randomly dispersed within the carrier; and further comprising the step of applying an aligning field between the first electrode and the second electrode to form a desired alignment of the field reactive organic light active particulate within the carrier between the first electrode and the second electrode. 
     
     
         14 ) A method for forming an organic light active device according to  claim 13 ; wherein the carrier comprises a hardenable material; and further comprising the steps of hardening the carrier to maintain the desired alignment of the organic light active particulate within the carrier. 
     
     
         15 ) A method for forming an organic light active device according to  claim 12 ; wherein the first electrode layer comprises an x-electrode layer having x-electrode lines; the second electrode layer comprises a y-electrode layer having y-electrode line disposed adjacent to the x electrode layer and defining a gap therebetween so that pixel volumes are defined at intersections of respective x-electrode lines and y-electrode lines. 
     
     
         16 ) A method for forming an organic light active device according to  claim 12 ; wherein the organic light active particulate is effective for receiving through the carrier electrical charges from the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer and generating photon emissions in response to receiving said electrical charges. 
     
     
         17 ) A method for forming an organic light active device according to  claim 12 ; wherein the organic light active particulate is effective for receiving a photon and separating electrical charges in response to the received photon, the separated electrical charges being transferred through the carrier to the first electrode layer and the second electrode. 
     
     
         18 ) A method for forming an organic light active device according to  claim 12 ; wherein the organic light active particulate dispersed within the carrier is coated on the first electrode layer through a nozzle. 
     
     
         19 ) A method for forming a light active device according to  claim 12 ; wherein the organic light active particulate dispersed within the carrier is coated on the first electrode layer through an inkjet nozzle. 
     
     
         20 ) A method for forming a light active device, comprising the steps of providing a carrier, a plurality of first particles comprised of a hole transport material and a plurality of second particles comprised of an electron transport material; bringing respective ones of the first particles and the second particles together to form a light active particulate having a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer engaging one another and forming a heterojunction therebetween; dispersing the light active particulate within the carrier; providing a first electrode layer; coating a layer of the carrier dispersed with the light active particulate on the first electrode layer; and providing a second electrode layer on top of the coated layer of the carrier dispersed with the light active particulate. 
     
     
         21 ) A method for forming a light active device according to  claim 20 ; wherein the light active particulate comprises a field reactive light active particulate randomly dispersed within the carrier; and further comprising the step of applying an aligning field between the first electrode and the second electrode to form a desired alignment of the field reactive light active particulate within the carrier between the first electrode and the second electrode. 
     
     
         22 ) A method for forming a light active device according to  claim 21 ; wherein the carrier comprises a hardenable material; and further comprising the steps of hardening the carrier to maintain the desired alignment of the light active particulate within the carrier. 
     
     
         23 ) A method for forming a light active device according to  claim 20 ; wherein the first electrode layer comprises an x-electrode layer having x-electrode lines; the second electrode layer comprises a y-electrode layer having y-electrode line disposed adjacent to the x electrode layer and defining a gap therebetween so that pixel volumes are defined at intersections of respective x-electrode lines and y-electrode lines. 
     
     
         24 ) A method for forming a light active device according to  claim 20 ; wherein the light active particulate is effective for receiving through the carrier electrical charges from the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer and generating photon emissions in response to receiving said electrical charges. 
     
     
         25 ) A method for forming a light active device according to  claim 20 ; wherein the light active particulate is effective for receiving a photon and separating electrical charges in response to the received photon, the separated electrical charges being transfer through the carrier to the first electrode layer and the second electrode. 
     
     
         26 ) A method for forming a light active device according to  claim 20 ; wherein the carrier dispersed with the light active particulate is coated on the first electrode layer through a nozzle. 
     
     
         27 ) A method for forming a light active device according to  claim 20 ; wherein the carrier dispersed with the light active particulate is coated on the first electrode layer through an inkjet nozzle.