Process and device for converting biomass to gaseous products

Abstract

A device for converting biomass with a water content of at least 50% to gaseous products includes a reactor filled at least partially with a packing including at least one filler body for accommodating supercritical water and a hydrothermal molten salt. A heater is arranged to heat up the reactor and its content. A first feeding pipe is coupled to the reactor to feed water and salt solution into the reactor. A second feeding pipe is coupled to the reactor to feed to biomass into the reactor. A discharge pipe is coupled to the reactor to discharge gaseous products from the reactor. An outlet is proved in the bottom of the reactor for removing portions of the molten salt.

1 . A device for converting biomass with a water content of at least 50% to gaseous products, comprising:
 a reactor filled at least partially with a packing including at least one filler body for accommodating supercritical water and a hydrothermal molten salt;   a heater arranged to heat up the reactor and its content;   a first feeding pipe coupled to the reactor to feed water and salt solution into the reactor;   a second feeding pipe coupled to the reactor to feed to biomass into the reactor;   a discharge pipe coupled to the reactor to discharge gaseous products from the reactor; and   an outlet in a bottom of the reactor for removing portions of the molten salt.   
   
   
       2 . The device according to  claim 1 , wherein the at least one filler body in the packing increases an exchange surface between the hydrothermal molten salt and the watery biomass. 
   
   
       3 . The device according to  claim 2 , wherein the packing comprises one of ring-shaped, saddle-shaped or grid-type filler bodies, structured sheet metal packs, Berl saddles, Braunschweiger Wendeln (packed columns), wire spirals, bubble trays, porcupine packs, machine-wire rings, or mini cascade rings. 
   
   
       4 . The device according to  claim 1 , wherein the packing comprises one of a metal, a metal oxide, an alloy, or carbon. 
   
   
       5 . A process for converting biomass with a water content of at least 50% to gaseous products, comprising:
 a) filling a reactor containing a packing comprising at least one filler body with a molten salt comprised of one of a salt or a salt mixture having a melting point below a reaction temperature required for converting the biomass to gaseous products;   b) heating the molten salt so that the molten salt spreads out inside the reactor over the packing with the at least one filler body;   c) feeding a watery biomass into the reactor, wherein the biomass is then heated up to the reaction temperature and comes in contact with the molten salt on the packing with the at least one filler body, thereby resulting in the conversion of the biomass to gaseous products and causing additional salts from the biomass to be bonded to the molten salt;   d) removing portions of the molten salt enriched with additional salts from the biomass from the reactor and replacing of the removed portion of molten salt with a fresh salt solution;   e) removing the gaseous products from the reactor via a discharge pipe; and   f) implement the process steps above the critical water pressure.   
   
   
       6 . The process according to  claim 5 , including using an alkali salt for the salt or as a component of the salt mixture. 
   
   
       7 . The process according to  claim 6 , wherein the salt or a component of the salt mixture comprises one of an alkali salt, an ammonium salt or a zinc salt, a magnesium salt, a calcium salt or an iron salt. 
   
   
       8 . The process according to  claim 7 , including using a halogenide for the salt or a component of the salt mixture. 
   
   
       9 . The process according to  claim 5 , including continuously removing portions of the molten salt.