Transmission

Abstract

In a transmission having two revolving transmission elements, each of which has at least one running surface for a revolving coupling element, at least one running surface having at least two running paths for the coupling element having different running radii and the two transmission elements being braced, while incorporating the coupling element, via a bracing device which presses the two transmission elements against the coupling element with a variable pressure, the bracing device comprises a pressure device connected in series with a spring element.

1 . A transmission having two revolving transmission elements, each of which has at least one running surface for a revolving coupling element, said at least one running surface having at least two running paths for the coupling element having different running radii and the two transmission elements being braced, with the coupling element incorporated, via a bracing device which presses the two transmission elements against the coupling element with a variable pressure,
 wherein the bracing device comprises a spring element ( 13 ) which transmits both the variable pressure and a torque between the running surface ( 12 ) of the first transmission element ( 4 ) and the bracing device and/or between the running surface ( 12 ) of the first transmission element and the pressure device ( 8 ).   
   
   
       2 . The transmission according to  claim 1 , wherein spring element ( 13 ,  14 ) comprises radial recesses ( 18 ,  19 ) or radial projections for transmitting torque. 
   
   
       3 . The transmission according to  claim 1 ,
 wherein the bracing device comprises a pressure device ( 8 ), which presses the running surface ( 12 ) of a first of the two transmission elements ( 4 ,  5 ) against the coupling element ( 7 ) with a variable pressure and, in addition, is supported on a bracing bearing ( 9 ), and said spring element ( 13 ,  14 ) being positioned to act in series with the pressure device.   
   
   
       4 . The transmission according to  claim 1 ,
 wherein the bracing device comprises a pressure device ( 8 ) having two pressure elements ( 15 ,  16 ) and at least one rolling element ( 17 ), which rolls on a rolling element path as a function of torque, which is implemented in such a way that a first pressure element ( 15 ) is displaced in relation to the second pressure element ( 16 ) in the direction of the pressure when the rolling element ( 17 ) changes its position on the rolling element path as a function of torque.   
   
   
       5 . The transmission according to  claim 1 ,
 wherein a torque sensor is provided on the drive side and/or output side and the pressure of the pressure device ( 8 ) is selected as a function of the torque determined.   
   
   
       6 . The transmission according to  claim 1 ,
 wherein a pressure caused by a torque and/or a displacement of components ( 4 ,  11 ,  13 ,  14 ,  15 ,  16 ) of the pressure device caused by a torque is used to measure the torque.   
   
   
       7 . The transmission according to  claim 1 ,
 wherein a connecting gap is provided between at least one of the revolving transmission elements and said coupling element during operation.   
   
   
       8 . A transmission having two cones as revolving transmission elements, each of which has at least one running surface for a revolving ring as a revolving coupling element, said at least one running surface having at least two running paths for the coupling element having different running radii, said ring surrounding one of said cones and passing through a constant gap between said transmission elements, said two transmission elements being braced, with the coupling element incorporated, via a bracing device which presses the two transmission elements against the coupling element with a variable pressure,
 wherein a displacement of components ( 4 ,  11 ,  13 ,  14 ,  15 ,  16 ) of the pressure device caused by a torque is used to measure the torque.   
   
   
       9 . The transmission according to  claim 8 ,
 wherein a torque sensor is provided on the drive side and/or output side and the pressure of the pressure device ( 8 ) is selected as a function of the torque determined.   
   
   
       10 . A revolving transmission having at least two revolving transmission elements, which may transmit a torque frictionally via a coupling element,
 wherein a disengagement point, such as a startup clutch and/or a converter (Trilok converter), a friction disk arrangement, a hydraulic clutch, or a synchronization is provided on the output side.   
   
   
       11 . The transmission according to  claim 10 ,
 wherein said coupling element encompasses at least one of said revolving transmission elements.   
   
   
       12 . A revolving transmission having at least two revolving transmission elements, which may transmit a torque frictionally via a coupling element,
 wherein a disengagement point, such as a startup clutch and/or a converter (Trilok converter  20 ), a friction disk arrangement, a hydraulic clutch, or a synchronization ( 3 ) is provided on the drive side.   
   
   
       13 . The transmission according to  claim 12 ,
 wherein said coupling element encompasses at least one of said revolving transmission elements.   
   
   
       14 . A revolving transmission comprising at least two partial transmissions, each of said partial transmissions having at least two revolving transmission elements, which may transmit a torque frictionally via a coupling element,
 wherein said two partial transmissions ( 1 ,  2 ;  101 ,  102 ) are each brought together and/or engage with their output ( 26 ,  126 ;  29 ;  129 ) at a drive ( 27 ;  127 ) of the following transmission path ( 15 ,  115 ) a continuously variable partial transmission is positioned between two power dividers ( 41 ,  42 ), such as a differential gear part or a planetary gear part, at least one input of the continuously variable partial transmission being mechanically connected to at least one output of an input-side power divider and at least one output of the continuously variable partial transmission being mechanically connected to at least one input of an output-side power divider.   
   
   
       15 . The transmission according to  claim 14 ,
 wherein at least one forward gear and at least one reverse gear are implemented by a differential gear part ( 23 ), at least one assembly of the differential gear part able to be fixed alternately with the housing and/or with another assembly of the differential gear part.   
   
   
       16 . The transmission according to  claim 14 ,
 wherein the drive ( 127 ) of the following transmission path is the main differential ( 115 ) of a motor vehicle.   
   
   
       17 . The transmission according to  claim 14 ,
 wherein each of the two partial transmissions ( 1 ,  2 ;  101 ,  102 ) may be engaged and/or disengaged.   
   
   
       18 . The transmission according to  claim 14 ,
 wherein a disengagement point, such as a startup clutch and/or a converter (Trilok converter), a friction disk arrangement, a hydraulic clutch, or a synchronization is provided on the output side.   
   
   
       19 . The transmission according to  claim 14 ,
 wherein a disengagement point, such as a startup clutch and/or a converter (Trilok converter  20 ), a friction disk arrangement, a hydraulic clutch, or a synchronization ( 3 ) is provided on the drive side.   
   
   
       20 . A revolving transmission comprising at least two partial transmission paths being positioned between an input-side power divider ( 41 ) and an output-side power divider ( 42 ),
 wherein one of said partial transmission paths comprises a continuously variable transmission, said continuously variable transmission having two cones as revolving transmission elements, each of which has at least one running surface for a revolving ring as a revolving coupling element, said ring surrounding one of said cones and passing through a constant gap between said transmission elements, wherby torque is transmitted frictionally between said two cones via said revolving ring, and whereby at least one input of the continuously variable partial transmission being mechanically connected to an output of said input-side power divider and at least one output of the continuously variable partial transmission being mechanically connected to an input of said output-side power divider.   
   
   
       21 . The transmission according to  claim 20 ,
 wherein at least one of said power dividers is a differential gear part.   
   
   
       22 . The transmission according to  claim 20 ,
 wherein at least one of said power dividers is a planetary gear part.   
   
   
       23 . A revolving transmission comprising at least a continuously variable transmission, said continuously variable transmission having two cones as revolving transmission elements, each of which has at least one running surface for a revolving ring as a revolving coupling element, said ring surrounding one of said cones and passing through a constant gap between said transmission elements, whereby said cones transmit a torque frictionally via a coupling element,
 wherein said continuously variable transmission is positioned between two power dividers ( 41 ,  42 ), whereby at least one input of the continuously variable partial transmission is mechanically connected to at least one output of an input-side power divider and at least one output of the continuously variable partial transmission is mechanically connected to at least one input of an output-side power divider.   
   
   
       24 . The transmission according to  claim 23 ,
 wherein two partial transmissions paths are provided between said input-side power divider and said output-side power divider.   
   
   
       25 . The transmission according to  claim 24 ,
 wherein each of said partial transmissions have at least two revolving transmission elements, which may transmit a torque frictionally via a coupling element.   
   
   
       26 . The transmission according to  claim 23 ,
 wherein at least one of said power dividers is a differential gear part.   
   
   
       27 . The transmission according to  claim 23 ,
 wherein at least one of said power dividers is a planetary gear part.   
   
   
       28 . A revolving transmission having at least two revolving transmission elements, which may transmit a torque frictionally,
 wherein at least one forward gear and at least one reverse gear are implemented by a differential gear part ( 23 ) being positioned in series with said two transmission elements, at least one assembly of the differential gear part being able to be fixed alternately with the housing and/or with another assembly of the differential gear part.   
   
   
       29 . The transmission according to  claim 28 ,
 wherein said two revolving transmission elements are cones, and wherein a ring is positioned between said cones surrounding one of said cones.   
   
   
       30 . The transmission according to  claim 28 ,
 wherein said two partial transmissions ( 1 ,  2 ;  101 ,  102 ) are each brought together and/or engage with their output ( 26 ,  126 ;  29 ;  129 ) at a drive ( 27 ;  127 ) of the following transmission path ( 15 ,  115 ).   
   
   
       31 . A transmission having two revolving transmission elements, each of which has at least one running surface for a revolving coupling element, said at least one running surface having at least two running paths for the coupling element having different running radii, the revolving coupling element having an inlet and an outlet region, which are positioned around the circumference in front of and behind, respectively, a contact region, in which the coupling element is a contact with at least one transmission element,
 wherein said coupling element is held by a single-sided holder.   
   
   
       32 . A transmission having two revolving transmission elements, each of which has at least one running surface for a revolving coupling element, said at least one running surface having at least two running paths for the coupling element having different running radii, the revolving coupling element having an inlet and an outlet region, which are positioned around the circumference in front of and behind, respectively, a contact region, in which the coupling element is a contact with at least one transmission element,
 wherein the revolving coupling element is only in contact with a holding device ( 481 ) in the inlet region.   
   
   
       33 . The transmission according to  claim 31 ,
 wherein said revolving coupling element is a revolving ring.   
   
   
       34 . The transmission according to  claim 31 ,
 wherein at least one of said revolving transmission elements is a cone.   
   
   
       35 . The transmission according to  claim 31 ,
 wherein a rotational degree of freedom around an axis perpendicular to a rotational plane of the axis of revolution of the coupling element remains between an actuator ( 484 ) for the holding device ( 481 ) and the coupling element ( 480 ).   
   
   
       36 . The transmission according to  claim 35 ,
 wherein the holding device holds the coupling element essentially without play and the rotational degree of freedom also exists between the holding device and actuator.   
   
   
       37 . The transmission according to  claim 31 ,
 wherein the holding device ( 481 ) holds the coupling element ( 480 ) with enough play for the rotational degree of freedom.   
   
   
       38 . The transmission according to  claim 31 ,
 wherein the holding device ( 481 ) includes a rest ( 485 ), which points toward the coupling element ( 480 ) and is active in a direction aligned perpendicular to the plane of revolution of the coupling element.   
   
   
       39 . A transmission having two revolving transmission elements, each of which has at least one running surface for a revolving coupling element, said at least one running surface having at least two running paths for the coupling element having different running radii, the revolving coupling element having an inlet and an outlet region, which are positioned around the circumference in front of and behind, respectively, a contact region, in which the coupling element is a contact with at least one transmission element,
 comprising an actuator ( 463 ;  484 ) for said coupling element, said actuator being implemented without play through pre-tension.   
   
   
       40 . The transmission according to  claim 39 ,
 wherein said revolving coupling element is a revolving ring.   
   
   
       41 . The transmission according to  claim 39 ,
 wherein at least one of said revolving transmission elements is a cone.   
   
   
       42 . A transmission having two revolving transmission elements, each of which has at least one running surface for a revolving coupling element, said at least one running surface having at least two running paths for the coupling element having different running radii, the revolving coupling element having an inlet and an outlet region, which are positioned around the circumference in front of and behind, respectively, a contact region, in which the coupling element is a contact with at least one transmission element, comprising a holding device for positioning said coupling element at said running radii,
 comprising a holding device ( 462 ;  481 ) for said coupling element, said holding device being implemented without play through pre-tension.   
   
   
       43 . The transmission according to  claim 42 ,
 wherein said revolving coupling element is a revolving ring.   
   
   
       44 . The transmission according to  claim 42 ,
 wherein at least one of said revolving transmission elements is a cone.   
   
   
       45 . A transmission having two revolving transmission elements, each of which has at least one running surface for a revolving coupling element, said continuously variable transmission having two cones as revolving transmission elements, each of which has at least one running surface for a revolving ring as a revolving coupling element, said ring surrounding one of said cones and passing through a constant gap between said transmission elements, whereby said cones transmit a torque frictionally via a coupling element, said at least one running surface having at least two running paths for the coupling element having different running radii, comprising a holding device for positioning said coupling element at said running radii,
 comprising an additional stationary holding device for the coupling element, through which the coupling element may be held alternately in a defined running path.   
   
   
       46 . A transmission having two revolving transmission elements, each of which has at least one running surface for a revolving coupling element, said continuously variable transmission having two cones as revolving transmission elements, each of which has at least one running surface for a revolving ring as a revolving coupling element, said ring surrounding one of said cones and passing through a constant gap between said transmission elements, whereby said cones transmit a torque frictionally via a coupling element, said at least one running surface having at least two running paths for the coupling element having different running radii, comprising a holding device for positioning said coupling element at said running radii,
 comprising detection of the end positions of the coupling element through a sensor, particularly electrically.   
   
   
       47 . A transmission having two revolving transmission elements, each of which has at least one running surface for a revolving coupling element, said continuously variable transmission having two cones as revolving transmission elements, each of which has at least one running surface for a revolving ring as a revolving coupling element, said ring surrounding one of said cones and passing through a constant gap between said transmission elements, whereby said cones transmit a torque frictionally via a coupling element, said at least one running surface having at least two running paths for the coupling element having different running radii, comprising a holding device for positioning said coupling element at said running radii, the revolving coupling element having an inlet and an outlet region which are positioned around the circumference in front of and behind a contact region, in which the coupling element is in contact with at least one transmission element,
 wherein end stops ( 466 ) are provided in the inlet region, against which the coupling element may run in the event of a running path change and which are positioned in such a way that they bring the axis of revolution of the coupling element into a stationary position when the coupling element runs against one of the end stops.   
   
   
       48 . A transmission having two revolving transmission elements, each of which has at least one running surface ( 50 ,  51 ) for a revolving coupling element, at least one of the running surfaces having at least two running paths for the coupling element having different running radii and actuating means being provided, via which the coupling element may be adjusted from one of the two running paths to the other of the two running paths and which comprises an activatable actuator ( 415 ,  416 ;  455 ),
 wherein the actuating means comprise a safety device which adjusts the coupling element into a safety running path if the activatable actuator breaks down, whereby said safety device has a stop to fix the safety running path.   
   
   
       49 . The transmission according to  claim 48 ,
 wherein the stop has a spring.   
   
   
       50 . The transmission according to  claim 48 ,
 wherein the safety device has an additional actuator.   
   
   
       51 . A transmission having two revolving transmission elements, each of which has at least one running surface ( 50 ,  51 ) for a revolving coupling element, at least one of the running surfaces having at least two running paths for the coupling element having different running radii and actuating means being provided, via which the coupling element may be adjusted from one of the two running paths to the other of the two running paths and which comprises an activatable actuator ( 415 ,  416 ;  455 ),
 wherein the safety device adjusts the coupling element into the safety running path at a defined speed.   
   
   
       52 . The transmission according to  claim 51 ,
 wherein the safety device comprises at least one spring.   
   
   
       53 . The transmission according to  claim 51 ,
 wherein the safety device has a stop to fix the safety running path.   
   
   
       54 . The transmission according to  claim 53 ,
 wherein the stop has a spring.   
   
   
       55 . The transmission according to  claim 51 ,
 wherein the safety device has an additional actuator.   
   
   
       56 . A transmission having two revolving transmission elements, each of which has at least one running surface ( 50 ,  51 ) for a revolving coupling element, at least one of the running surfaces having at least two running paths for the coupling element having different running radii and actuating means being provided, via which the coupling element may be adjusted from one of the two running paths to the other of the two running paths and which comprises an activatable actuator ( 415 ,  416 ;  455 ),
 wherein the safety device comprises pre-tensioning of at least one further assembly of the actuating means.   
   
   
       57 . The transmission according to  claim 56 ,
 wherein the safety device comprises at least one spring.   
   
   
       58 . The transmission according to  claim 56 ,
 wherein the safety device has a stop to fix the safety running path.   
   
   
       59 . The transmission according to  claim 58 ,
 wherein the stop has a spring.   
   
   
       60 . The transmission according to  claim 56 ,
 wherein the safety device has an additional actuator.   
   
   
       61 . A transmission having two revolving transmission elements, each of which has at least one running surface for a revolving coupling element, said at least one running surface having at least two running paths for the coupling element having different running radii, having a reverse gear ( 202 ) provided behind the output ( 204 ) in series with the continuously variable transmission ( 201 ). 
   
   
       62 . The transmission according to  claim 61 ,
 wherein said revolving coupling element is a revolving ring.   
   
   
       63 . The transmission according to  claim 61 ,
 wherein at least one of said revolving transmission elements is a cone.   
   
   
       64 . The transmission according to  claim 61 ,
 wherein the reverse gear comprises an epicyclic gear having at least one revolving gear mount ( 225 ,  226 ), which mounts at least one transmission element ( 215 ,  216 ) of the epicyclic gear and may be fixed alternately with a fixed mount ( 227 ,  232 ) and/or a revolving transmission element ( 209 ,  217 ;  212 ,  218 ).   
   
   
       65 . The transmission according to  claim 61 ,
 wherein the reverse gear ( 202 ) comprises a planetary gear ( 210 ,  211 ) having planet wheels ( 215 ,  216 ), sun wheel ( 209 ,  212 ), and external wheel ( 217 ,  218 ), of which a first transmission element ( 209 ,  212 ) is mechanically connected to the output ( 207 ) of the conical friction ring transmission ( 201 ) and a second transmission element ( 217 ,  218 ) is mechanically connected to the output ( 220 ,  223 ) of the overall arrangement made of transmission ( 201 ) and reverse gear ( 202 ), while the third transmission element ( 215 ,  216 ) may be fixed in regard to at least one degree of freedom in relation to a mount or housing ( 227 ,  232 ).   
   
   
       66 . The transmission according to  claim 65 ,
 wherein the third transmission element is the planet wheels.   
   
   
       67 . The transmission according to  claim 65 ,
 wherein the first transmission element is driven by a pinion ( 207 ) which revolves with the output cone.   
   
   
       68 . The transmission according to  claim 65 ,
 wherein the second transmission element revolves connected to the revolving mount ( 219 ) of a differential ( 220 ).   
   
   
       69 . The transmission according to  claim 65 ,
 wherein two of the transmission elements, preferably the first and second transmission elements, may be fixed with one another.   
   
   
       70 . The transmission according to  claim 69 ,
 wherein a clutch ( 229 ), a slanted brake ( 227 ,  228 ), and/or a synchronization ( 230 ) is used for fixing.   
   
   
       71 . A revolving transmission comprising at least a continuously variable transmission, whereby two continuously variable partial transmissions ( 306 ,  307 ) are provided, which are switched at an input and/or output element ( 309 ,  310 ) via a summation gear ( 308 )
 wherein the two continuously variable partial transmissions ( 306 ,  307 ) have a shared transmission element ( 301 ) on the side facing away from the summation gear ( 308 ).   
   
   
       72 . A revolving transmission comprising at least a continuously variable transmission, whereby two continuously variable partial transmissions ( 306 ,  307 ) are provided, which are switched at an input and/or output element ( 309 ,  310 ) via a summation gear ( 308 )
 wherein said continuously variable transmission has at least two revolving transmission elements, which may transmit a torque frictionally via a coupling element.   
   
   
       73 . The transmission according to  claim 72 ,
 wherein said two revolving transmission elements are cones and a ring is positioned between said cones surrounding one of said cones.   
   
   
       74 . A revolving transmission comprising at least a continuously variable transmission, whereby two continuously variable partial transmissions ( 306 ,  307 ) are provided, which are switched at an input and/or output element ( 309 ,  310 ) via a summation gear ( 308 )
 wherein the two continuously variable partial transmissions ( 306 ,  307 ) each have an input shaft axis ( 349 ) and an output shaft axis ( 348 ,  350 ), positioned essentially parallel thereto in a partial transmission plane, the partial transmission planes being positioned in parallel.   
   
   
       75 . The transmission according to  claim 74 ,
 wherein the two partial transmission planes are identical.   
   
   
       76 . A revolving transmission comprising at least a continuously variable transmission, whereby two continuously variable partial transmissions ( 306 ,  307 ) are provided, which are switched at an input and/or output element ( 309 ,  310 ) via a summation gear ( 308 )
 wherein the two partial transmissions have a shared input shaft ( 301 ,  349 ).   
   
   
       77 . A revolving transmission comprising at least a continuously variable transmission, whereby two continuously variable partial transmissions ( 306 ,  307 ) are provided, which are switched at an input and/or output element ( 309 ,  310 ) via a summation gear ( 308 )
 wherein the two partial transmissions have a shared output shaft ( 309 ).   
   
   
       78 . A revolving transmission comprising at least a continuously variable transmission, whereby two continuously variable partial transmissions ( 306 ,  307 ) are provided, which are switched at an input and/or output element ( 309 ,  310 ) via a summation gear ( 308 )
 wherein a further adjustable partial transmission ( 321 ,  339 ,  340 ,  341 ), particularly a switching gear and/or a reverse gear, is provided between at least one of the continuously variable partial transmissions ( 306 ,  307 ) and the summation gear ( 308 ).   
   
   
       79 . A revolving transmission comprising at least a continuously variable transmission, whereby two continuously variable partial transmissions ( 306 ,  307 ) are provided, which are switched at an input and/or output element ( 309 ,  310 ) via a summation gear ( 308 )
 wherein at least one of the continuously variable transmissions ( 306 ,  307 ) may be bypassed ( 321 ,  339 ).   
   
   
       80 . A revolving transmission comprising at least a continuously variable transmission, whereby two continuously variable partial transmissions ( 306 ,  307 ) are provided, which are switched at an input and/or output element ( 309 ,  310 ) via a summation gear ( 308 )
 wherein the summation gear ( 308 ) has at least one fixable transmission element ( 312 ,  320 ).