Method and Device for Introducing Additive Materials

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for introducing and/or adding non-dry-powder additive materials and/or coating materials with a liquid, solid, semi-solid, or paste-like consistency or in suspended or emulsified form, for example, peroxides, fats, waxes, IV improvers, polymers, or similar materials, to an existing lumpy or particulate material which is moved and mixed, and optionally warmed and reduced to small pieces in a receptacle and/or compressor ( 1 ), said material being in particular polymer particles and/or flakes, wood fibers, paper cuttings, or similar materials. According to the invention, the additive material is introduced below the level of the material and/or material particles already in the receptacle ( 1 ).

1 - 20 . (canceled) 
   
   
       21 . A process for introducing or adding non-dry particle-shaped, in particular non-dry powdery, additives or coating substances having a liquid, solid, semi-solid or pasty consistency, optionally in a suspended or emulsified form, in particular with a higher viscosity, such as e.g. peroxides, fats, waxes, IV improvers, polymers or the like, to a mixed and optionally heated and crushed, fragmented or particle-shaped material moved in a receptacle or cutting compactor ( 1 ), in particular polymer particles or flakes, wood fibres, paper shreds or the like, whereby the additives are added below the level of the material or material particles found in the container ( 1 ), characterized in that the additives, in particular very highly viscous additives, are added in that area or at that level of the container ( 1 ) in which the material particles, in particular rotating in the container ( 1 ), exert the highest pressure on the side wall of the container ( 1 ). 
   
   
       22 . The process according to  claim 21 , characterized in that the additives are added in the middle third area of the fill level of the material in the container ( 1 ) or a mixing vortex formed by the rotation. 
   
   
       23 . The process according to  claim 21 , characterized in that the additives are added via one or more feeding devices ( 10 ) arranged on the inside of the side wall of the container ( 1 ) or opening through the side wall, in particular peripherally distributed at the same level or arranged on top of one another in a row, configured as feed openings or nozzles, optionally supplied via dosing pumps, e.g. gear pumps or diaphragm pumps. 
   
   
       24 . The process according to  claim 21 , characterized in that the level of the material particles or the mixing vortex formed by the movement is maintained in the container ( 1 ) such that it is always above the feeding device(s) ( 10 ). 
   
   
       25 . The process according to  claim 21 , characterized in that the additives are taken along or introduced through the or by means of the rotating material particles brushing along on or against the inside of the side wall of the container ( 1 ) and the feeding devices ( 10 ) or the additives are applied in this way to the material particles. 
   
   
       26 . The process according to  claim 21 , characterized in that, prior to and/or during the addition of the additives, independent of the temperature of the material found in the container ( 1 ) which is heated in addition and separately heats the inside or the side wall of the container ( 1 ) to reduce the viscosity of the fed additives and increases the wetting. 
   
   
       27 . The process according to  claim 21 , characterized in that the additives, in particular reactive additives, depending on the degree of dilution, are added by an eventual carrier of the additives in amounts of between 0.01 and 20% by weight, relative to the total weight of the end product. 
   
   
       28 . The process according to  claim 21 , characterized in that the additives are added up to a maximum amount which is necessary to wet the entire surface of the material or the material particles found in the container ( 1 ). 
   
   
       29 . A device for carrying out the process according to  claim 21 , having at least one receptacle or cutting compactor ( 1 ) in which at least one mixing, heating or optionally crushing mixing tool ( 4 ) which is, in particular, pivotable about a vertical axis and rotates the fragmented or particle-shaped material to be treated, in particular, a plastic material in the form of non-molten polymer particles, wood fibres, paper shreds or the like, whereby at least one feeding device ( 10 ) is provided for non-dry particle-shaped additives having a liquid, solid, semi-solid or pasty consistency, optionally in a suspended or emulsified form, in particular with a higher viscosity, e.g. peroxides, fats, waxes, IV improvers, polymers or the like, in particular for carrying out the process according to  claim 21 , whereby the feeding device ( 10 ) is arranged below the level of the material or material particles found in the container ( 1 ) during operation, characterized in that the feeding devices ( 10 ) are arranged in that area of the container ( 1 ) in which the material particles which are preferably moved, in particular rotating, in the container ( 10 ), exert the highest pressure on the side wall of the container ( 1 ). 
   
   
       30 . The device according to  claim 29 , characterized in that the feeding devices ( 10 ) are arranged on the inside of the side wall of the container ( 1 ) or open into the container ( 1 ) or are formed in the side wall of the container ( 1 ). 
   
   
       31 . The device according to  claim 29 , characterized in that the feeding devices ( 10 ) are distributed at the same level about the periphery of the inside wall of the container ( 1 ), preferably uniformly, or above one another in a row. 
   
   
       32 . The device according to  claim 29 , characterized in that the feeding devices ( 10 ) are arranged at a level or at a distance from the bottom or mixing tool ( 4 ) in which the feeding devices ( 10 ) are continuously below the procedurally given fill level of the material particles found or rotating in the container ( 1 ) or of the level of the mixing vortex formed during a movement or rotation of the material particles. 
   
   
       33 . The device according to  claim 29 , characterized in that the feeding devices ( 10 ) are arranged at the level of the middle third area of the procedurally given fill level of the material in the container ( 1 ) or mixing vortex. 
   
   
       34 . The device according to  claim 29 , characterized in that the feeding devices ( 10 ) are configured as outlets or nozzles and can preferably be supplied by means of dosing pumps, e.g. gear pumps or diaphragm pumps, and, in particular, are configured such that the additives can be introduced drop by drop. 
   
   
       35 . The device according to  claim 29 , characterized in that the feeding devices ( 10 ) seal flush with the inner wall of the container ( 1 ) and, in particular, do not project or protrude from the inside of the container ( 1 ) into the interior of the container ( 1 ). 
   
   
       36 . The device according to  claim 29 , characterized in that, independent of or in addition to the heating of the material by e.g. the mixing tools ( 4 ) or further heating devices heating the material, at least one separate heating device is provided with which, in particular exclusively, the inside or the side wall of the container ( 1 ) and optionally also the feeding devices ( 10 ) and/or their feed lines or supply tanks can be separately heated to reduce the viscosity of the fed additives and to increase the wetting on the side wall of the container ( 1 ). 
   
   
       37 . The device according to  claim 29 , characterized in that the surface of the inside of the container ( 1 ), is formed as a non-wettable surface, in particular by application of an anti-adhesive coating, an embossing, etc., or configured such that the wettability is minimized or that no wetting of the inside takes place by the fed additives. 
   
   
       38 . The device according to  claim 29 , characterized in that several receptacles ( 1 ) are provided, in particular consecutively, and the feeding devices ( 10 ) are arranged at least in the first receptacle ( 1 ).