US2010177377A1PendingUtilityA1
Use of undoped crystals of the yttrium/aluminum/borate family for creating non-linear effects
Est. expiryJun 19, 2027(~0.9 yrs left)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:Daniel Rytz
G02F 1/3551C01B 35/128
43
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Claims
Abstract
The present invention concerns a method of producing blue or UV light. To produce blue or UV light with the described crystal family it is proposed according to the invention that a crystal of the family A x M 1-x X 3 (BO 3 ) 4 , wherein both A and also M stand for an element from the group Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu, A≠M and X═Al, Ga, Sc and 0≦x≦1, is used as a non-linear optical element to produce light of a wavelength of less than 0.450 μm.
Claims
exact text as granted — not AI-modified1 . A method of producing blue or ultraviolet light characterized in that a crystal of the family A x M 1-x X 3 (BO 3 ) 4 , wherein both A and also M stand for an element from the group Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu, A≠M and X═Al, Ga, Sc and 0≦x≦1, is used as a non-linear optical element to produce light of a wavelength of less than 0.450 μm.
2 . A method as set forth in claim 1 characterized in that YAl 3 (BO 3 ) 4 , GdA 3 (BO 3 ) 4 , YbAl 3 (BO 3 ) 4 or LuAl 3 (BO 3 ) 4 is used as the crystal
3 . A method as set forth in claim 1 or claim 2 characterized in that an electromagnetic wave of the wavelength λ is passed through the crystal and the crystal is used to produce the second harmonic (0.5λ) which is of a wavelength of less than 0.450 μm.
4 . A method as set forth in claim 3 characterized in that an electromagnetic wave of the wavelength λ is passed through the crystal in such a way that the propagation direction includes the angle θ+/−Δθ with the optical axis Z and the angle φ+/−Δφwith the optical axis X and the crystal is used to produce the second harmonic of the wavelength 0.5λ, wherein λ, θ, Δθ, φ, Δφ and 0.5λ assume the values of a line in the following Table:
λ
0.5 λ (μm) +/−
(μm)
0.001
θ (°)
Δθ (°)
φ (°)
Δφ (°)
0.498 +/− 0.002
0.249
79.58
2.50
0
1.5
0.502 +/− 0.002
0.251
77.13
2.00
0
1.5
0.506 +/− 0.002
0.253
75.10
2.00
0
1.5
0.510 +/− 0.002
0.255
73.35
2.00
0
1.5
0.514 +/− 0.002
0.257
71.79
1.50
0
1.5
0.519 +/− 0.002
0.2595
70.04
1.50
0
1.5
0.523 +/− 0.002
0.2615
68.77
1.50
0
1.5
0.527 +/− 0.002
0.2635
67.60
1.50
0
1.5
0.531 +/− 0.002
0.2655
66.49
1.50
0
1.5
0.535 +/− 0.002
0.2675
65.46
1.00
0
1.5
0.540 +/− 0.002
0.270
64.24
1.00
0
1.5
0.545 +/− 0.002
0.2725
63.11
1.00
0
1.5
0.550 +/− 0.002
0.275
62.04
1.00
0
1.5
0.560 +/− 0.002
0.280
60.07
1.00
0
1.5
0.570 +/− 0.002
0.285
58.30
1.00
0
1.5
0.580 +/− 0.002
0.290
56.68
1.00
0
1.5
0.590 +/− 0.002
0.295
55.19
1.00
0
1.5
0.600 +/− 0.002
0.300
53.81
1.00
0
1.5
0.604 +/− 0.002
0.302
53.29
1.00
0
1.5
0.608 +/− 0.002
0.304
52.78
1.00
0
1.5
0.612 +/− 0.002
0.306
52.29
0.75
0
1.5
0.636 +/− 0.002
0.318
49.59
0.75
0
1.5
0.640 +/− 0.002
0.320
49.18
0.75
0
1.5
0.644 +/− 0.002
0.322
48.78
0.75
0
1.5
0.709 +/− 0.002
0.3545
43.36
0.75
0
1.5
0.713 +/− 0.002
0.3565
43.08
0.75
0
1.5
0.717 +/− 0.002
0.3585
42.81
0.75
0
1.5
0.721 +/− 0.002
0.3605
42.54
0.75
0
1.5
0.725 +/− 0.002
0.3625
42.28
0.75
0
1.5
0.729 +/− 0.002
0.3645
42.02
0.75
0
1.5
0.776 +/− 0.002
0.388
39.32
0.75
0
1.5
0.780 +/− 0.002
0.390
39.12
0.75
0
1.5
0.784 +/− 0.002
0.392
38.92
0.75
0
1.5
0.796 +/− 0.002
0.398
38.34
0.75
0
1.5
0.800 +/− 0.002
0.400
38.15
0.75
0
1.5
0.804 +/− 0.002
0.402
37.97
0.75
0
1.5
0.808 +/− 0.002
0.404
37.78
0.75
0
1.5
0.812 +/− 0.002
0.406
37.61
0.75
0
1.5
0.709 +/− 0.002
0.3545
71.73
0.75
30
1.5
0.713 +/− 0.002
0.3565
70.85
0.75
30
1.5
0.717 +/− 0.002
0.3585
70.01
0.75
30
1.5
0.721 +/− 0.002
0.3605
69.21
0.75
30
1.5
0.725 +/− 0.002
0.3625
68.46
0.75
30
1.5
0.729 +/− 0.002
0.3645
67.74
0.75
30
1.5
0.776 +/− 0.002
0.388
61.07
0.75
30
1.5
0.780 +/− 0.002
0.390
60.82
0.75
30
1.5
0.784 +/− 0.002
0.392
60.17
0.75
30
1.5
0.796 +/− 0.002
0.398
58.91
0.75
30
1.5
0.800 +/− 0.002
0.400
58.51
0.75
30
1.5
0.804 +/− 0.002
0.402
58.12
0.75
30
1.5
0.808 +/− 0.002
0.404
57.74
0.75
30
1.5
0.812 +/− 0.002
0.406
57.37
0.75
30
1.5
5 . A method as set forth in one of claims 1 - 2 characterized in that at the same time an electromagnetic wave of the wavelength λ and another electromagnetic wave of the wavelength λ/2 are passed through the crystal and the crystal is used to produce the third harmonic (⅓λ) which is of a wavelength of less than 0.450 λm.
6 . A method as set forth in claim 5 characterized in that the electromagnetic waves of the wavelengths λ and λ/2 are passed through the crystal in such a way that the propagation direction includes an angle θ+/−Δθ with the optical Z-axis and an angle φ+/−Δφ with the optical X-axis and the crystal is used to produce the third harmonic of the wavelength ⅓λ, wherein λ, θ, Δθ, φ, Δφ and ⅓ assume the values of a line in the following Table:
λ
⅓ λ (μm) +/−
(μm)
0.001
θ (°)
Δθ (°)
φ (°)
Δφ (°)
0.71
0.2367
79.87
2
0
5
0.72
0.2400
75.70
2
0
5
0.73
0.2433
72.59
2
0
5
0.74
0.2467
70.03
2
0
5
0.75
0.2500
67.83
2
0
5
0.76
0.2533
65.89
2
0
5
0.77
0.2567
64.14
2
0
5
0.78
0.2600
62.55
2
0
5
0.79
0.2633
61.09
2
0
5
0.8
0.2667
59.74
2
0
5
0.81
0.2700
58.48
2
0
5
0.82
0.2733
57.30
2
0
5
0.83
0.2767
56.19
2
0
5
0.84
0.2800
55.15
2
0
5
0.85
0.2833
54.16
2
0
5
0.86
0.2867
53.23
2
0
5
0.87
0.2900
52.34
2
0
5
0.88
0.2933
51.49
2
0
5
0.89
0.2967
50.69
2
0
5
0.9
0.3000
49.92
2
0
5
0.91
0.3033
49.18
2
0
5
0.92
0.3067
48.48
2
0
5
0.93
0.3100
47.80
2
0
5
0.94
0.3133
47.15
2
0
5
0.95
0.3167
46.53
2
0
5
0.96
0.3200
45.93
2
0
5
0.97
0.3233
45.35
2
0
5
0.98
0.3267
44.79
2
0
5
0.99
0.3300
44.25
2
0
5
1
0.3333
43.74
2
0
5
1.01
0.3367
43.24
2
0
5
1.02
0.3400
42.75
2
0
5
1.03
0.3433
42.29
2
0
5
1.04
0.3467
41.84
2
0
5
1.05
0.3500
41.40
2
0
5
1.06
0.3533
40.98
2
0
5
1.07
0.3567
40.57
2
0
5
1.08
0.3600
40.17
2
0
5
1.09
0.3633
39.79
2
0
5
1.1
0.3667
39.42
2
0
5
1.11
0.3700
39.06
2
0
5
1.12
0.3733
38.71
2
0
5
1.13
0.3767
38.37
2
0
5
1.14
0.3800
38.05
2
0
5
1.15
0.3833
37.73
2
0
5
1.16
0.3867
37.42
2
0
5
1.17
0.3900
37.12
2
0
5
1.18
0.3933
36.83
2
0
5
1.19
0.3967
36.55
2
0
5
1.2
0.4000
36.27
2
0
5
1.21
0.4033
36.01
2
0
5
1.22
0.4067
35.75
2
0
5
1.23
0.4100
35.50
2
0
5
1.24
0.4133
35.26
2
0
5
1.25
0.4167
35.02
2
0
5
1.26
0.4200
34.79
2
0
5
1.27
0.4233
34.57
2
0
5
1.28
0.4267
34.35
2
0
5
1.29
0.4300
34.15
2
0
5
1.3
0.4333
33.94
2
0
5
1.31
0.4367
33.74
2
0
5
1.32
0.4400
33.55
2
0
5
1.33
0.4433
33.37
2
0
5
1.34
0.4467
33.19
2
0
5
0.88
0.2933
69.59
1.5
30
5
0.89
0.2967
67.90
1.5
30
5
0.9
0.3000
66.38
1.5
30
5
0.91
0.3033
64.98
1.5
30
5
0.92
0.3067
63.68
1.5
30
5
0.93
0.3100
62.48
1.5
30
5
0.94
0.3133
61.36
1.5
30
5
0.95
0.3167
60.30
1.5
30
5
0.96
0.3200
59.30
1.5
30
5
0.97
0.3233
58.36
1.5
30
5
0.98
0.3267
57.46
1.5
30
5
0.99
0.3300
56.61
1.5
30
5
1
0.3333
55.80
1.5
30
5
1.01
0.3367
55.03
1.5
30
5
1.02
0.3400
54.29
1.5
30
5
1.03
0.3433
53.58
1.5
30
5
1.04
0.3467
52.90
1.5
30
5
1.05
0.3500
52.25
1.5
30
5
1.06
0.3533
51.63
1.5
30
5
1.07
0.3567
51.03
1.5
30
5
1.08
0.3600
50.45
1.5
30
5
1.09
0.3633
49.89
1.5
30
5
1.1
0.3667
49.36
1.5
30
5
1.11
0.3700
48.84
1.5
30
5
1.12
0.3733
48.34
1.5
30
5
1.13
0.3767
47.86
1.5
30
5
1.14
0.3800
47.39
1.5
30
5
1.15
0.3833
46.94
1.5
30
5
1.16
0.3867
46.50
1.5
30
5
1.17
0.3900
46.08
1.5
30
5
1.18
0.3933
45.68
1.5
30
5
1.19
0.3967
45.28
1.5
30
5
1.2
0.4000
44.90
1.5
30
5
1.21
0.4033
44.53
1.5
30
5
1.22
0.4067
44.17
1.5
30
5
1.23
0.4100
43.83
1.5
30
5
1.24
0.4133
43.49
1.5
30
5
1.25
0.4167
43.16
1.5
30
5
1.26
0.4200
42.85
1.5
30
5
1.27
0.4233
42.54
1.5
30
5
1.28
0.4267
42.25
1.5
30
5
1.29
0.4300
41.96
1.5
30
5
1.3
0.4333
41.68
1.5
30
5
1.31
0.4367
41.41
1.5
30
5
1.32
0.4400
41.15
1.5
30
5
1.33
0.4433
40.89
1.5
30
5
1.34
0.4467
40.65
1.5
30
5
7 . A method as set forth in one of claims 1 - 2 characterized in that a first electromagnetic wave of the wavelength λ 1 and a second electromagnetic wave of the wavelength λ 2 are passed through the crystal in such a way that the propagation direction includes an angle θ+/−Δθ with the optical Z-axis and an angle φ+/−Δφ with the optical X-axis and the crystal is used to produce an electromagnetic wave of the wavelength λ 3 =λ 1 ·λ 2 /(λ 1 +λ 2 ) which is of a wavelength of less than 0.450 μm.
8 . A method as set forth in one of claims 1 - 2 characterized in that a f i rst electromagnetic wave of the wavelength λ 3 and a second electromagnetic wave of the wavelength λ 2 are passed through the crystal in such a way that the propagation direction includes an angle θ+/−Δθ with the optical Z-axis and an angle φ+/−Δφ with the optical X-axis and the crystal is used to produce an electromagnetic wave of the wavelength λ 1 =λ 2 ·λ 3 /(λ 2 −λ 3 ) which is of a wavelength of less than 0.450 μm.
9 . A method as set forth in one of claims 1 - 2 characterized in that an electromagnetic wave of the frequency λ 3 is passed through the crystal in such a way that the propagation direction includes an angle θ+/−Δθ with the optical Z-axis and an angle φ+/−Δφ with the optical X-axis and the crystal is used to produce an electromagnetic wave of the wavelength λ 1 and an electromagnetic wave of the wavelength λ 2 so that λ 3 =λ 1 ·λ 2 /(λ 1 +λ 2 ).
10 . A method as set forth in one of claims 7 characterized in that λ 1 , λ 2 , λ 3 , θ, Δθ, φ, Δφ assume the values of a line of the following Table:
λ 1
λ 2
λ 3
Type I
(μm) +/−
(μm) +/−
(μm) +/−
Theta (°) +/−
Δθ
0.015
0.015
0.010
3.0°
(°)
φ (°)
Δφ (°)
0.810
0.632
0.355
42.9
3.0
0
5
1.064
0.532
0.355
40.8
3.0
0
5
0.642
0.454
0.266
64.5
3.0
0
5
0.722
0.421
0.266
62.2
3.0
0
5
0.812
0.396
0.266
59.6
3.0
0
5
0.982
0.365
0.266
55.1
3.0
0
5
1.062
0.355
0.266
53.3
3.0
0
5
1.342
0.332
0.266
48.0
3.0
0
5
1.064
0.266
0.213
72.1
3.0
0
5
1.326
0.254
0.213
61.5
3.0
0
5
0.720
0.355
0.238
77.8
3.0
0
5
0.720
0.520
0.302
52.4
3.0
0
5
0.910
0.720
0.402
37.7
3.0
0
5
0.910
0.808
0.428
35.8
3.0
0
5
1.064
0.532
0.355
40.8
3.0
0
5
1.062
0.589
0.379
38.7
3.0
0
5
1.062
0.751
0.440
34.6
3.0
0
5
0.810
0.632
0.355
62.6
2.5
30
5
1.064
0.532
0.355
51.5
2.5
30
5
0.982
0.365
0.266
70.0
2.5
30
5
1.062
0.355
0.266
64.9
2.5
30
5
1.342
0.332
0.266
54.4
2.5
30
5
1.326
0.254
0.213
69.9
2.5
30
5
0.910
0.720
0.402
53.0
2.5
30
5
0.910
0.808
0.428
51.5
2.5
30
5
1.064
0.532
0.355
51.4
2.5
30
5
1.062
0.589
0.379
49.5
2.5
30
5
1.062
0.751
0.440
46.2
2.5
30
5
0.910
0.720
0.402
64.2
2.5
30
5
0.910
0.808
0.428
56.3
2.5
30
5
1.062
0.751
0.440
59.5
2.5
30
5
11 . A method as set forth in claim 10 characterized in that Δφ=1.5°.
12 . Use of a crystal of the family A x M 1-x X 3 (BO 3 ) 4 as a non-linear optical element to produce light of a wavelength of less than 0.450 μm, wherein both A and also M stand for an element from the group Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu, A≠M and X═Al, Ga, Sc and 0≦x≦1.
13 . A crystal of the family A x M 1-x X 3 (BO 3 ) 4 , wherein both A and also M stand for an element from the group Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu, A≠M and X═Al, Ga, Sc and 0≦x≦1, wherein the crystal has at least two substantially flat end faces, characterized in that at least one end face is oriented with respect to the crystallographic axes in such a way that upon normal incidence of an electromagnetic wave or two electromagnetic waves of differing wavelength onto said end face due to a non-linear optical effect an electromagnetic wave of a wavelength of less than 0.450 μm is produced.
14 . A crystal of the family A x M 1-x X 3 (BO 3 ) 4 , wherein both A and also M stand for an element from the group Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu, A≠M and X═Al, Ga, Sc and 0≦x≦1, wherein the crystal has at least two substantially flat end faces, characterized in that at least one end face is oriented with respect to the crystallographic axes in such a way that upon incidence of an electromagnetic wave or two electromagnetic waves of differing wavelength onto said end face at the Brewster angle due to a non-linear optical effect an electromagnetic wave of a wavelength of less than 0.450 μm is produced.Cited by (0)
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