Floating Latticework

Abstract

A floating latticework is suitable for a latticework, a truss-frame structure and a net-shell structure over water. The floating latticework is the combination of a latticework ( 1 ) and a floating structure ( 2 ), or members of the latticework ( 1 ) in themselves are able to float. The floating structure ( 2 ) makes the latticework ( 1 ) floated over water, the surface of upper chords of which is in form of a platy structure or covered and fixed with a platy structure, as a plane used for loading. There is an advantage that the space-structure floating body is less influenced by wind and wave, which go through its space. A ship structure and a cofferdam structure are parallel solutions with the above solution. Their skeletons are net-shell structure, wherein they are provided with high structural strength.

1 . A floating latticework, comprising a lattice structure and a plurality of floating structures, wherein members of the lattice structure are respectively combined with the floating structures, and the floating structures are used to wrap around and fixedly connected to the members of the lattice structure, a buoyant force of the floating structure enables the members of the lattice structure to become floating members and the floating members further enables the lattice structure to become a floating lattice structure, so as to maintain a semi-submerged or suspending state in water, the lattice structure is a grid structure. 
   
   
       2 . The floating latticework according to  claim 1 , wherein the lattice structure is a grid structure. 
   
   
       3 . (canceled) 
   
   
       4 . (canceled) 
   
   
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       7 . (canceled) 
   
   
       8 . (canceled) 
   
   
       9 . (canceled) 
   
   
       10 . The floating latticework according to  claim 2 , wherein web members and the lower chord rods as rod members of the grid structure are combined with the floating structures, the floating structures are hollow columnar floating members with a cross section at hollow portions thereof the same as that of the rod members, so that the hollow columnar floating members are sleeved on the web members and the lower chord rods. 
   
   
       11 . The floating latticework according to  claim 2 , wherein web members and lower chord rods as rod members are combined with the floating structures, each of the floating structures is a hollow columnar floating structure formed by combining two half shells together, and when the two half shells are combined together, a cross-sectional shape at a hollow portion of the hollow columnar floating structure is the same as that of the rod members, the two half shells jointly wrap around the web member and the lower chord rod, and the two half shells are connected in a hinged manner or bound together by a strip. 
   
   
       12 . (canceled) 
   
   
       13 . (canceled) 
   
   
       14 . (canceled) 
   
   
       15 . (canceled) 
   
   
       16 . A floating latticework, comprising a lattice structure assembled by members, wherein some or all of the members of the lattice structure are floating members in such a specification that a ratio of a sum of a self weight and a maximum load capacity of the lattice structure to a total volume of the members is smaller than 9800 N/m 3 , and the lattice structure partially assembled by or completely assembled by the floating members is a floating latticework, so as to maintain a semi-submerged or suspending state in water. 
   
   
       17 . The floating latticework according to  claim 16 , wherein the floating latticework partially assembled by or completely assembled by the floating members is a floating grid structure. 
   
   
       18 . (canceled) 
   
   
       19 . The floating latticework according to  claim 17 , wherein the lower chord joints of the floating grid structure are floating members and provided with devices for connecting to rod members, and the lower chord joints are variants and are floating members protruding underwater from the floating grid structure assembled thereby. 
   
   
       20 . (canceled) 
   
   
       21 . The floating latticework according to  claim 17 , wherein the floating grid structure comprises web members perpendicular to a horizontal plane, and both the lower chord joints and the web members perpendicular to the horizontal plane are floating members, wherein the lower chord joints and the web members are connected integrally and assembled into floating members protruding underwater from the floating grid structure assembled thereby. 
   
   
       22 . The floating latticework according to  claim 21 , wherein the floating members are provided with devices for connecting to joints or rod members, main bodies of the floating members are watertight hollow shell structures, and shell walls thereof are rigidly-covered double-layer reticulated shell structures, or reinforcing bar grid structures with foamed plastics filled therein and coated with a cement grout externally. 
   
   
       23 . The floating latticework according to  claim 17 , wherein at least one kind of rod members selected from the web members and the lower chord rods of the floating grid structure is floating members and provided with devices at two ends thereof for connecting to joints, and main bodies of the floating members are three-dimensional truss structures with foamed plastic floaters filled therein. 
   
   
       24 . (canceled) 
   
   
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       33 . A use of the floating latticework according to  claim 2 ,  10 ,  17 ,  21  and  23 , wherein if an upper chord surface of the floating latticework is a plate-shaped structure, the upper chord surface is used as a supporting surface, and otherwise, the upper chord surface or the upper plane is covered with and fixedly connected to a plate-shaped structure to serve as a supporting surface, and the floating latticework is adapted to serve as a supporting structure for offshore floating projects such as water transportation, offshore buildings, offshore plants, offshore floating platforms, offshore drilling platforms, offshore airports, floating wharfs, artificial islands, and floating cities. 
   
   
       34 . (canceled) 
   
   
       35 . A use of the floating latticework according to any one of  claims 2 ,  10 ,  17 ,  21  and  23 , adapted to serve as a supporting structure for a floating bridge, wherein an upper chord surface of the floating latticework is covered with and fixedly connected to a bridge deck, a plane axis of the floating latticework is consistent with that of the bridge deck, and the floating latticework is provided with positioning ropes connected to underwater bollards or caissons at two axial sides thereof, so as to form a floating bridge. 
   
   
       36 . (canceled) 
   
   
       37 . (canceled) 
   
   
       38 . A use of the floating latticework according to  claim 16 , wherein the lattice structure is a double-layer or multi-layer columnar reticulated shell structure that floats above water with an axis thereof being horizontal, and the floating latticework is adapted to serve as a supporting structure for a floating bridge, wherein an upper chord surface of the columnar reticulated shell structure is disposed with and fixedly connected to a bridge deck, the columnar reticulated shell structure is provided with positioning ropes connected to underwater bollards or caissons at two axial sides thereof, and the two axial sides of the columnar reticulated shell structure are fixedly connected to balance wings for preventing the reticulated shell structure from swinging left and right along with waves, so as to form a floating bridge. 
   
   
       39 . (canceled) 
   
   
       40 . A floating reticulated shell structure, comprising a double-layer, or multi-layer spherical, box-shaped, columnar, or heterotypic hollow reticulated shell formed by rod members and joints, wherein peripheral members of the reticulated shell are covered with and fixedly connected to plate-shaped structures to form a rigidly-covered double-layer, or multi-layer reticulated shell structure, a space enclosed by the rigidly-covered reticulated shell structure is watertight, and the reticulated shell structure is applied above water to serve as a watertight and rigidly-covered spherical floating reticulated shell structure, box-shaped floating reticulated shell structure, columnar floating reticulated shell structure, or heterotypic hollow floating reticulated shell structure. 
   
   
       41 . The floating reticulated shell structure according to  claim 40 , wherein the reticulated shell is a watertight and rigidly-covered columnar double-layer or multi-layer reticulated shell structure with an axis thereof parallel to a horizontal plane, and two axial sides of the watertight and rigidly-covered columnar double-layer or multi-layer reticulated shell structure are fixedly connected to balance wings for preventing the reticulated shell structure from swinging left and right along with waves. 
   
   
       42 . (canceled) 
   
   
       43 . (canceled) 
   
   
       44 . A ship body structure, comprising side and bottom skeletons, bulkhead skeletons, and deck skeletons, wherein the side and bottom skeletons are double-layer or multi-layer reticulated shell structures, and both the bulkhead skeletons and the deck skeletons are grid structures or only the bulkhead skeletons are a grid structure. 
   
   
       45 . (canceled) 
   
   
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