Catalyst exhibiting hydrogen spillover effect

Abstract

The catalyst exhibiting hydrogen spillover effect relates to the composition of a catalyst exhibiting hydrogen spillover effect and to a process for preparing the catalyst. The catalyst has a reduced transition base metal of Group VIB or Group VIIIB, such as cobalt, nickel, molybdenum or tungsten, supported on a high porous carrier, such as saponite, the base metal being ion-exchanged with at least one precious metal of Group VIIIB. The process includes the steps of loading the base metal onto the support, reducing the base metal, preferably with H 2 at 600° C., and thereafter ion-exchanging the precious metal with the base metal. Preferred examples of the catalyst include a saponite support loaded with about 10-20 wt % cobalt and about 0.1-1 wt % precious metal. The catalyst is optimized for reactions that occur in commercial processes at about 360-400° C., such as in hydrocracking.

1 . A catalyst exhibiting hydrogen spillover effect, comprising:
 a porous support;   a reduced base metal selected from the group of transition metals of Group VIB and Group VIIIB loaded on the porous support; and   at least two precious metals of Group VIIIB ion-exchanged with the reduced base metal.   
     
     
         2 . The catalyst according to  claim 1 , wherein said porous support comprises saponite clay. 
     
     
         3 . The catalyst according to  claim 1 , wherein said porous support has a surface area between 130 and 650 m 2 /g and a total pore volume between 0.4 and 0.8 ml/g. 
     
     
         4 . The catalyst according to  claim 1 , wherein said porous support has a surface area between 400 and 600 m 2 /g and a total pore volume between 0.45 and 0.75 ml/g. 
     
     
         5 . The catalyst according to  claim 1 , wherein said reduced base metal is a base metal selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt and nickel. 
     
     
         6 . The catalyst according to  claim 1 , wherein said reduced base metal comprises cobalt. 
     
     
         7 . The catalyst according to  claim 1 , wherein said reduced base metal comprises between about 10 wt % and about 20 wt % of the catalyst by dry weight as the reduced metal and oxides and salts thereof. 
     
     
         8 . The catalyst according to  claim 1 , wherein said at least two precious metals are selected from the group consisting of palladium, rhodium, and platinum and water soluble salts and oxides thereof. 
     
     
         9 - 10 . (canceled) 
     
     
         11 . The catalyst according to  claim 1 , wherein said at least two precious metals comprise:
 reduced palladium, said reduced base metal being loaded thereon; and   rhodium and water soluble salts and oxides thereof ion-exchanged with said reduced base metal and the reduced palladium.   
     
     
         12 . The catalyst according to  claim 1 , wherein said at least two precious metals comprise between about 0.1 wt % and 2 wt % of the catalyst by dry weight. 
     
     
         13 . (canceled) 
     
     
         14 . The catalyst according to  claim 1 , wherein said reduced base metal comprises between about 10 wt % and 20 wt % cobalt by dry weight of the catalyst and said at least two precious metals comprise:
 about 1 wt % reduced palladium, said reduced base metal being loaded thereon; and   about 0.1 wt % rhodium and water soluble salts and oxides thereof by dry weight of the catalyst ion-exchanged with the reduced palladium and said reduced base metal.   
     
     
         15 . The catalyst according to  claim 1 , wherein said reduced base metal comprises between about 10 wt % and about 20 wt % of the catalyst by dry weight, and said at least two precious metals comprise between about 0.1 wt % and 1 wt % by dry weight of the catalyst. 
     
     
         16 - 20 . (canceled) 
     
     
         21 . A catalyst exhibiting hydrogen spillover effect, comprising:
 a porous support;   a water soluble salt of cobalt loaded on the porous support, the water soluble salt of cobalt being reduced;   palladium loaded on the porous support, the palladium being reduced by H 2  at about 600° C. prior to loading on the porous support, the reduced palladium forming between about 1 wt % and 2 wt % by dry weight of the catalyst; and   rhodium or water soluble salts or oxides thereof ion-exchanged with the reduced cobalt salt and the reduced palladium and forming about 0.1% by dry weight of the catalyst.   
     
     
         22 . A catalyst exhibiting hydrogen spillover effect, comprising:
 a porous support;   a water soluble salt of a base metal loaded on the porous support, the water soluble salt of the base metal being reduced;   a first precious metal loaded on the porous support, the first precious metal being reduced by H 2  at about 600° C. prior to loading on the porous support, the reduced first precious metal forming between about 1 wt % and 2 wt % by dry weight of the catalyst; and   a second precious metal or water soluble salts or oxides thereof ion-exchanged with the reduced base metal and the reduced first precious metal and forming about 0.1% by dry weight of the catalyst.   
     
     
         23 - 31 . (canceled)