Active material for battery, non-aqueous electrolyte battery and battery pack

Abstract

According to one embodiment, a non-aqueous electrolyte battery includes an outer package, a positive electrode housed in the outer package, a negative electrode housed with a space from the positive electrode in the outer package and including an active material, and a non-aqueous electrolyte filled in the outer package. The active material includes a lithium-titanium composite oxide particle, and a coating layer formed on at least a part of the surface of the particle and including at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zr, Fe, Nb, Co, Ni, Cu and Si, an oxide of at least one metal selected from the group or an alloy containing at least one metal selected from the group.

1 . An active material for a battery, comprising a lithium-titanium composite oxide particle, and a coating layer formed on at least a part of the surface of the particle and including at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zr, Fe, Nb, Co, Ni, Cu and Si, an oxide of at least one metal selected from the group or an alloy containing at least one metal selected from the group. 
     
     
         2 . The active material according to  claim 1 , wherein the metal is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Mg, Fe, Ni and Co. 
     
     
         3 . The active material according to  claim 1 , wherein the coating layer has a thickness of 1 to 100 nm. 
     
     
         4 . The active material according to  claim 1 , wherein the metal, the oxide of the metal, or the alloy is amorphous. 
     
     
         5 . The active material according to  claim 1 , wherein each of peaks derived from a 2p 3/2  binding energy of Co, Fe, Ni and Mg in photoelectron spectroscopy exists in the range of 775 to 780 eV, 704 to 709 eV, 850 to 854 eV and 48 to 50 eV, respectively. 
     
     
         6 . The active material according to  claim 1 , wherein the amount of each of Co, Fe, Ni and Mg in composition analysis using photoelectron spectroscopy is 0.1 to 1.0 atomic %. 
     
     
         7 . The active material according to  claim 1 , wherein the lithium-titanium composite oxide has a spinel type structure or a ramsdellite structure. 
     
     
         8 . A non-aqueous electrolyte battery comprising:
 an outer package;   a positive electrode housed in the outer package;   a negative electrode housed with a space from the positive electrode in the outer package and including an active material; and   a non-aqueous electrolyte filled in the outer package,   wherein the active material comprises a lithium-titanium composite oxide particle, and a coating layer formed on at least a part of the surface of the particle and including at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zr, Fe, Nb, Co, Ni, Cu and Si, an oxide of at least one metal selected from the group or an alloy containing at least one metal selected from the group.   
     
     
         9 . The battery according to  claim 8 , wherein the metal is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Mg, Fe, Ni and Co. 
     
     
         10 . The battery according to  claim 8 , wherein the coating layer has a thickness of 1 to 100 nm. 
     
     
         11 . The battery according to  claim 8 , wherein the metal, the oxide of the metal, or the alloy is amorphous. 
     
     
         12 . The battery according to  claim 8 , wherein each of peaks derived from a 2p 3/2  binding energy of Co, Fe, Ni and Mg of the negative electrode in photoelectron spectroscopy exists in the range of 775 to 780 eV, 704 to 709 eV, 850 to 854 eV and 48 to 50 eV, respectively. 
     
     
         13 . The battery according to  claim 8 , wherein the amount of each of Co, Fe, Ni and Mg in composition analysis of the negative electrode in photoelectron spectroscopy is 0.1 to 1.0 atomic %. 
     
     
         14 . The battery according to  claim 8 , wherein the lithium-titanium composite oxide has a spinel type structure or a ramsdellite type structure. 
     
     
         15 . The battery according to  claim 8 , wherein the positive electrode contains a manganese-containing lithium-transition metal composite oxide. 
     
     
         16 . The battery according to  claim 15 , wherein the manganese-containing lithium-transition metal composite oxide has a spinel type structure. 
     
     
         17 . The battery according to  claim 8 , wherein the non-aqueous electrolyte contains a solvent obtained by mixing two or more solvents selected from the group consisting of propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate and γ-butyrolactone. 
     
     
         18 . A battery pack comprising a plurality of the non-aqueous electrolyte batteries according to  claim 8  which are electrically connected each other in series, in parallel, or both in series and in parallel. 
     
     
         19 . The battery pack according to  claim 18 , wherein further comprises a protective circuit which detects the voltage of each of the batteries.