Methods and Devices for Refractive Corrections of Presbyopia

Abstract

Presbyopia in a patient's eye is treated by inducing spherical aberration in the central section of the pupil, while the peripheral section of the pupil is treated in a manner other than the central section of the pupil. For example, the peripheral section of the pupil may remain untreated, or high-order aberration may be controlled, and/or a second area of spherical aberration may be provided with different focus power.

1 . A corneal implant device for surgical implantation between layers and in an optic zone of a cornea of an eye for treatment of presbyopia, comprising a solid transparent optic having a diameter of equal or less than 6.5 mm, wherein the device is configured such that, when implanted in the eye, spherical aberration or a distribution of spherical aberrations is created in a central area of a pupil, wherein the central area of the pupil has a diameter of between 1.5 mm and 4.0 mm, and wherein the spherical aberration or the distribution of spherical aberrations is created only by the presence of said device. 
     
     
         2 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein said device is configured to have a circular shape with a radial distance expressed by r, and wherein the device is further configured to have a thickness profile in a central portion that is expressed at least in part by r 4  to so allow creation of the spherical aberration or a distribution of spherical aberrations. 
     
     
         3 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the device is configured such that the spherical aberration or the distribution of spherical aberrations allows production of a focus variation selected from the group consisting of (a) setting a far point at a center of the device and having a radially increased refractive power, (b) having a radially decreased refractive power and setting a portion of the eye for hyperopia, and (c) having at least one zone with a radially increased refractive power another zone with a radially decreased refractive power and setting a portion of the eye for hyperopia. 
     
     
         4 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the device is configured such that the spherical aberration or the distribution of spherical aberrations can produce a focus variation of more than 4 diopters. 
     
     
         5 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the device is made of biocompatible materials suitable for corneal implantation. 
     
     
         6 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the device is further configured to have refractive powers for correction of at least one of focus error, astigmatism, and coma in the eye. 
     
     
         7 . A method of treating presbyopia, comprising:
 (a) measuring refractive properties of an eye; and   (b) removing corneal tissue to create a spherical aberration or a distribution of spherical aberrations in a central portion of a pupil of an eye, wherein the central portion is equal or less than 4 mm in diameter.   
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein the spherical aberration or the distribution of spherical aberrations produces a focus variation selected from the group consisting of (a) setting a far point at a center of the pupil and having a radially increased refractive power, (b) having a radially decreased refractive power and setting a portion of the eye for hyperopia, and (c) having at least one zone with a radially increased refractive power and another zone with a radially decreased refractive power and setting a portion of the eye for hyperopia. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein spherical aberration or a distribution of spherical aberrations produces a focus variation more than 4 diopters. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 7 , further comprising a step of removing corneal tissue for additional refractive correction of at least one of myopia, hyperopia, and cylindrical error in the eye. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein the step of removing corneal tissue is achieved by applying photon energy to the corneal tissue. 
     
     
         12 . A lens for the treatment of presbyopia of an eye, comprising:
 an inner optical section of 1.5 mm to 3.6 mm in diameter, wherein the inner optical section comprises at least one aspheric surface, wherein the aspheric surface is configured to allow creation of a spherical aberration or a distribution of spherical aberrations in addition to a spherical focus power;   a middle optical section having an outer diameter of 2.5 mm to 5 mm, wherein the middle optical section is configured as a bi-focal lens; and   an outer optical section having an outer diameter of 4 mm to 40 mm, wherein the outer optical section is configured to have a dominant focus power.   
     
     
         13 . The lens of  claim 12 , wherein the spherical aberration or the distribution of spherical aberrations allows production of a focus variation selected from the group consisting of (a) setting a far point at a center of the lens and having a radially increased refractive power, (b) having a radially decreased refractive power and setting a portion of the eye for hyperopia, and (c) having at least one zone with a radially increased refractive power another zone with a radially decreased refractive power and setting a portion of the eye for hyperopia. 
     
     
         14 . The lens of  claim 12 , wherein the lens is configured such that the spherical aberration or the distribution of spherical aberrations allows production of a focus variation of more than 4 diopters. 
     
     
         15 . The lens of  claim 12 , wherein the lens is configured as an implantable lens or a wearable lens. 
     
     
         16 . The lens of  claim 12  wherein the lens is further configured to allow production of a cylindrical refractive power. 
     
     
         17 . An optical device for refractive treatment of presbyopia comprising:
 an inner transparent optical section that comprises at least one aspheric surface that is configured to allow induction of a spherical aberration or a distribution of spherical aberrations in addition to a spherical focus power;   a middle section that is configured to allow attenuation or blocking of light energy; and   an outer transparent optical section that is configured to provide at least a spherical focus power for far vision at night.   
     
     
         18 . The device of  claim 17 , wherein the device is configured such that the spherical aberration or the distribution of spherical aberrations allows production of a focus variation selected from the group consisting of (a) setting a far point at a center of the device and having a radially increased refractive power, (b) having a radially decreased refractive power and setting a portion of the eye for hyperopia, and (c) having at least one zone with a radially increased refractive power another zone with a radially decreased refractive power and setting a portion of the eye for hyperopia. 
     
     
         19 . The device of  claim 17 , wherein the device is configured such that the spherical aberration or the distribution of spherical aberrations allows production of a focus variation of more than 4 diopters. 
     
     
         20 . The device of  claim 17 , wherein the inner transparent optical section has a diameter of between 1.5 mm and 3.6 mm. 
     
     
         21 . The device of  claim 17 , wherein an outer diameter of the middle section is between 2.5 mm and 5 mm. 
     
     
         22 . The device of  claim 17 , wherein an outer diameter of the outer transparent optical section is between 4 mm and 40 mm. 
     
     
         23 . The device of  claim 17 , wherein the device is configured to produce a cylindrical refractive power. 
     
     
         24 . The device of  claim 17 , wherein the device is configured as an implantable lens or a wearable lens. 
     
     
         25 . A lens for the treatment of presbyopia of an eye comprising:
 an inner optical section having a diameter of 1.5 mm to 4 mm and comprising at least one aspheric surface that is configured to allow induction of a spherical aberration or a distribution of spherical aberrations in addition to a spherical focus power; and   an outer transparent optical section having a diameter of 4 mm to 40 mm, wherein the outer transparent optical section is configured to have at least a spherical focus power for far vision at night.   
     
     
         26 . The lens of  claim 25 , wherein the lens is configured such that the spherical aberration or the distribution of spherical aberrations allows production of a focus variation for more than 4 diopters in a manner selected from the group consisting of (a) setting a far point at a center of the lens and having a radially increased refractive power, (b) having a radially decreased refractive power and setting a portion of the eye for hyperopia, and (c) having at least one zone with a radially increased refractive power another zone with a radially decreased refractive power and setting a portion of the eye for hyperopia.