Lubricating fluids

Abstract

The invention concerns a fully formulated lubricating fluid or grease comprising an additive package and a major amount of base oil, the improvement comprising the substantial absence of low molecular weight primary, secondary, tertiary, cyclic aliphatic mono or polyamines of 30 carbons or less and the absence of the corresponding acid phosphate amine salts in said fully formulated lubricating fluid.

1 .- 36 . (canceled) 
     
     
         37 . In a fully formulated lubricating fluid including an effective amount of an acid phosphate-containing antiwear additive, characterized as comprising an additive package and a major amount of at least one base oil, the improvement comprising the absence of low molecular weight primary, secondary, tertiary, and cyclic aliphatic amines of 30 carbons or less and the absence of the corresponding acid phosphate amine salts, wherein said acid phosphate is selected from at least one mono and/or dihydrocarbyl ester of an acid phosphate characterized by the formula (1):
   (R 1 O)(R 2 O)P(O)OH  (1)
   
       where R 1  is a hydrocarbyl group and R 2  is selected from hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group. 
     
     
         38 . The fully formulated lubricating fluid of  claim 37 , wherein said additive package has a TBN<22. 
     
     
         39 . The fully formulated lubricating fluid of  claim 37 , wherein said additive package has a TBN<20. 
     
     
         40 . The fully formulated lubricating fluid of  claim 37 , wherein said additive package has a TBN<15. 
     
     
         41 . The fully formulated lubricating fluid of  claim 37 , wherein said additive package has a TBN<10. 
     
     
         42 . The fully formulated lubricating fluid of  claim 37 , wherein said additive package has a TBN<5. 
     
     
         43 . The fully formulated lubricating fluid of  claim 37 , wherein the hydrocarbyl groups of R 1  and R 2  are independently selected from straight-chained or branched alkyl groups having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms. 
     
     
         44 . The fully formulated lubricating fluid of  claim 37 , wherein the hydrocarbyl groups of R 1  and R 2  are independently selected from straight-chained or branched alkyl groups having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms. 
     
     
         45 . The fully formulated lubricating fluid of  claim 37 , wherein the hydrocarbyl groups of R 1  and R 2  are independently selected from straight-chained or branched alkyl groups having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms. 
     
     
         46 . The fully formulated lubricating fluid of  claim 37 , wherein at least one of R 1  and R 2  is 2-ethylhexyl. 
     
     
         47 . The fully formulated lubricating fluid of  claim 37 , further characterized as comprising at least one of the following ingredients:
 (a) at least one sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent;   (b) at least one nitrogen-containing dispersant;   (c) at least one corrosion inhibitor.   
     
     
         48 . The additive package of  claim 47 , characterized as comprising at least two of the ingredients (a)-(c). 
     
     
         49 . The additive package of  claim 47 , characterized as comprising ingredients (a)-(c). 
     
     
         50 . The fully formulated lubricating fluid of  claim 47 , further comprising at least one ingredient selected from the group consisting of borated dispersants, non-aminic rust inhibitors, defoamants, pour point depressants, antioxidants, demulsifiers, friction modifiers, seal swell agents, chromophores, deodorants, limited slip additives, detergents, VI modifiers, and tackifiers. 
     
     
         51 . The fully formulated lubricating fluid of  claim 37 , further characterized by a major amount of at least one base oil selected from API Groups I to V. 
     
     
         52 . The fully formulated lubricating fluid of  claim 51 , further comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of borated dispersants, non-aminic rust inhibitors, defoamants, pour point depressants, antioxidants, demulsifiers, friction modifiers, seal swell agents, chromophores, deodorants, limited slip additives, detergents, VI modifiers, and tackifiers. 
     
     
         53 . The fully formulated lubricating fluid of  claim 37 , further characterized by at least one of the following criterion:
 (a) rated 1a or 1b according to the Copper Corrosion test according to ASTM D130;   (b) passing the Four Ball Weld test according to ASTM D2783 with a Weld Point of 250 kg minimum and a Load Wear Index of 45 kg minimum;   (c) passing the Rust Test, Part A and Part B, according to ASTM D665;   (d) having a value of at least 9.0 or greater in the L33 test, run according to ASTM D7038.   
     
     
         54 . The fully formulated lubricating fluid of  claim 53 , characterized by a value of at least 9.0 or greater in the L33 test, run according to ASTM D7038. 
     
     
         55 . An apparatus comprising at least one seal and a lubricating fluid according to  claim 37  in contact with said seal. 
     
     
         56 . The apparatus of  claim 55 , wherein said seal comprises at least one material selected from fluoroelastomers, nitriles, and polyacrylates. 
     
     
         57 . An apparatus including a fully formulated fluid according to claim  1 , wherein said apparatus comprises at least one of the following: a hypoid axle, a mechanical steering drive or gear box, a planetary hub reduction axle or gear box, a transfer gear box, a synchromesh gear box, a power take-off gear, or a limited slip axle. 
     
     
         58 . A method for lubricating an apparatus, the method comprising applying a lubricant to the apparatus wherein said lubricant comprises a base oil, an effective amount of an acid phosphate-containing antiwear additive, said lubricant further characterized as essentially free of primary, secondary, tertiary and cyclic hydrocarbyl amines with a carbon number of C30 or less and the corresponding salts of said acid phosphate, 
       wherein said acid phosphate is selected from at least one mono and/or dihydrocarbyl ester of an acid phosphate characterized by the formula (1):
   (R 1 O)(R 2 O)P(O)OH  (1)
 
 
       where R 1  is a hydrocarbyl group and R 2  is selected from hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group. 
     
     
         59 . A method of preparing a fully formulated lubricating fluid, the method comprising the steps of combining a major amount of at least one base oil and an additive package, the additive package comprising an effective amount of an acid phosphate-containing antiwear additive, wherein the additive package is selected to have an absence of low molecular weight primary, secondary, tertiary, and cyclic aliphatic amines of 30 carbons or less and the absence of corresponding acid phosphate amine salts, 
       wherein said acid phosphate is selected from at least one mono and/or dihydrocarbyl ester of an acid phosphate characterized by the formula (1):
   (R 1 O)(R 2 O)P(O)OH  (1)
 
 
       where R 1  is a hydrocarbyl group and R 2  is selected from hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group.