US2011136958A1PendingUtilityA1
Mixed organic and inorganic polymers
Est. expirySep 10, 2027(~1.2 yrs left)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:Arthur WattersonRavi MosurkalJayant KumarVirinder Singh ParmarLynne A. SamuelsonRajesh KumarVincent B. Tucci
C08G 77/445C08G 77/455C08G 69/48
58
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Claims
Abstract
A polymer is characterized by a repeat unit represented by Structural Formula (I), or a copolymer thereof. A crosslinked polymer characterized by a repeat unit represented by Structural Formula (II), (III), (IV) or (V), or a copolymer thereof, wherein at least one such repeat unit of a first polymer strand is crosslinked with at least one repeat unit of a second polymer strand by at least one bridging unit, the first and second polymer strands and the repeat unit being components of the crosslinked polymer.
Claims
exact text as granted — not AI-modified1 . A polymer characterized by a repeat unit represented by the following structural formula:
or a copolymer thereof, wherein
each Q is an optionally substituted alkylene group that is optionally interrupted with one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur;
Z is —N(R 2 )—C(O)-T 1 -G-E-G-T 2 -C(O)—N(R 2 )— or —X 1 —B 1 —X 2 —;
each G independently is a covalent bond, an optionally substituted aryl ring group, an optionally substituted heteroaryl ring group, an optionally substituted non-aromatic hydrocarbyl ring group, or an optionally substituted non-aromatic heterocyclic ring group;
E is a covalent bond, —O—, —S—, R′, —O—R′-O—, —S—R′-S—, —C(O)—, —N(R)—, —N(R)C(O)— or —N(R)C(S)—;
each of T 1 and T 2 independently is a covalent bond or an alkylene group, or, taken together with N(R 2 )—C(O)—, forms a 5-14 membered non-aromatic heterocyclic group, provided that when both of T 1 and T 2 are covalent bond, at least one G is other than a covalent bond;
B 1 is an optionally substituted alkylene group that is optionally interrupted with one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur, or an optionally substituted aryl group;
each of X 1 and X 2 independently is O, S or NR;
each R independently is —H, an optionally substituted alkyl group or an optionally substituted aryl group;
each R′ independently is an optionally substituted hydrocarbylene group;
each R′ independently is —H, an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted alkoxy group, an optionally substituted aryloxy group, or an optionally substituted aryl group;
each R 2 independently is —H, an optionally substituted alkyl group or an optionally substituted alkylcarbonyl group, or each R 2 independently, taken together with the nitrogen atom and the carbonyl group of —C(O)—N(R 2 )—, and together with T 1 or T 2 , forms a 5-14 membered non-aromatic heterocyclic group optionally fused with G when G is other than a covalent bond; and
each x is an integer of 1-50.
2 . The polymer of claim 1 , wherein each R 1 is:
i) —H; ii) an alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl, lower haloalkyl, phenyl and lower phenylalkyl; iii) an alkoxy group optionally substituted with one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl, lower haloalkyl, phenyl and lower phenylalkyl; iv) an aryloxy group optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, lower alkyl, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl; or v) an aryl group optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, lower alkyl, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl.
3 . The polymer of claim 2 , wherein R is:
i) —H; ii) an alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl, lower haloalkyl, phenyl and lower phenylalkyl; or iii) an aryl group optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, lower alkyl, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl.
4 . The polymer of claim 3 , wherein each R 2 independently is:
i) —H; ii) an alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl, lower haloalkyl, phenyl and lower phenylalkyl; or iii) an alkylcarbonyl group optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, lower alkyl, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl.
5 . The polymer of claim 4 , wherein:
each of the aryl ring group, the heteroaryl ring group, the non-aromatic hydrocarbyl ring group and the non-aromatic heterocyclic ring group, represented by G, independently is optionally substituted with one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen; lower alkyl optionally substituted with halogen, amino, phenyl, benzyl, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, lower alkoxy carbonyl, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl; amino; lower alkylamino; lower dialkylamino; lower alkoxy optionally substituted with halogen, amino, phenyl, benzyl, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, lower alkoxy carbonyl, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl; nitro; cyano; hydroxy; carboxy; lower alkoxy carbonyl; lower haloalkoxy; lower alkoxycarbonyl; lower alkylcarbonyl; and lower haloalkyl; and each of the hydrocarbylene group represented by E and the alkylene group represented by Q is optionally substituted with one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen; amino; lower alkylamino; lower dialkylamino; lower alkoxy optionally substituted with halogen, amino, phenyl, benzyl, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, lower alkoxy carbonyl, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl; nitro; cyano; hydroxy; carboxy; lower alkoxy carbonyl; lower haloalkoxy; lower alkoxycarbonyl; lower alkylcarbonyl; aryl; and aralkyl.
6 . The polymer of claim 5 , wherein the polymer is characterized by a repeat unit represented by a following structural formula selected from the group consisting of:
or a copolymer thereof, wherein each of E, G, T 1 and T 2 independently is other than a covalent bond.
7 . The polymer of claim 6 , wherein at least one R 2 , taken together with the nitrogen atom and the carbonyl group of —C(O)—N(R 2 )—, and together with T 1 or T 2 , forms a 5-14 membered non-aromatic heterocyclic group that is fused with G.
8 . The polymer of claim 7 , wherein the non-aromatic heterocyclic group that is fused with G, and G are represented by the following structure:
9 . The polymer of claim 6 , wherein the polymer is characterized by a repeat unit represented by a structural formula selected from the group consisting of:
or a copolymer thereof
10 . The polymer of claim 9 , wherein at least one R 2 , taken together with the nitrogen atom and the carbonyl group of —C(O)—N(R 2 )—, and together with T 1 or T 2 , forms a 5-14 membered non-aromatic heterocyclic group.
11 . The polymer of claim 10 , wherein the non-aromatic heterocyclic group, formed with —C(O)—N(R 2 )—, and T 1 or T 2 , is represented by the following structure:
wherein each of p and q independently is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, provided that the sum of p and q is at least 1.
12 . The polymer of claim 6 , wherein the polymer is characterized by a repeat unit represented by a following structural formula selected from the group consisting of:
or a copolymer thereof,
wherein each of p and q independently is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, provided that the sum of p and q is at least 1.
13 . The polymer of claim 12 , wherein each Q independently is —(CH 2 ) m1 — or —(CH 2 ) m1 —O—(CH 2 ) m1 —, wherein each m 1 independently is an integer of 1 to 10.
14 . The polymer of claim 13 , wherein each m 1 represented by Q independently is 2, 3, 4 or 5.
15 . The polymer of claim 13 , wherein ring G is an optionally substituted aryl group.
16 . The polymer of claim 15 , wherein each ring G independently is optionally substituted with one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, carboxy and lower alkoxy carbonyl.
17 . The polymer of claim 15 , wherein each R 1 is —H, an optionally substituted alkyl group, optionally substituted phenyl group, or an optionally substituted alkoxy group.
18 . The polymer of claim 17 , wherein R is —H, phenyl, benzyl, or an optionally substituted alkyl group.
19 . The polymer of claim 18 , wherein each A independently is O or NH.
20 . The polymer of claim 18 , wherein each E independently is a covalent bond, —O—, or —O-(hydrocarbylene)-O—.
21 . The polymer of claim 20 , wherein each E independently is a covalent bond, —O—, or —O-aryl-[C(R″) 2 ] m2 -aryl-O—, wherein
each R″ independently is —H, halogen, —OH, lower alkyl, lower haloalkyl, lower alkoxy or lower haloalkoxy; and
m2 is zero, or an integer of 1-6.
22 . The polymer of claim 21 , wherein each R″ independently is —H or lower alkyl.
23 . The polymer of claim 22 , wherein each R 1 is —H, phenyl, an alkyl group or an alkoxy group.
24 . The polymer of claim 23 , wherein R is —H or an alkyl group.
25 . The polymer of claim 20 , wherein each ring G is phenylene or naphthalene.
26 . The polymer of claim 22 , wherein the polymer is characterized by a repeat unit represented by a following structural formula selected from the group consisting of:
or a copolymer thereof.
27 . The polymer of claim 26 , wherein the polymer is characterized with a following structural formula selected from the group consisting of:
wherein
Ar is
and
n is an integer of 1 to 10,000.
28 . The polymer of claim 27 , wherein n is an integer of between 1,000 and 10,000.
29 . The polymer of claim 5 , wherein the polymer is characterized by a repeat unit represented by the following structural formula:
or a copolymer thereof.
30 . The polymer of claim 29 , wherein:
i) the alkylene group represented by B 1 is optionally substituted with one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen; amino; lower alkylamino; lower dialkylamino; lower alkoxy optionally substituted with halogen, amino, phenyl, benzyl, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, lower alkoxy carbonyl, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl; nitro; cyano; hydroxy; carboxy; lower alkoxy carbonyl; lower haloalkoxy; lower alkoxycarbonyl; lower alkylcarbonyl; aryl; and aralkyl, ii) and the aryl group represented by B 1 is optionally substituted with one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen; lower alkyl optionally substituted with halogen, amino, phenyl, benzyl, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, lower alkoxy carbonyl, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl; amino; lower alkylamino; lower dialkylamino; lower alkoxy optionally substituted with halogen, amino, phenyl, benzyl, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, lower alkoxy carbonyl, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl; nitro; cyano; hydroxy; carboxy; lower alkoxy carbonyl; lower haloalkoxy; lower alkoxycarbonyl; lower alkylcarbonyl; and lower haloalkyl.
31 . The polymer of claim 30 , wherein each of X 1 and X 2 independently is —O—, —NR— or —C(O)—.
32 . The polymer of claim 31 , wherein each Q independently is —(CH 2 ) m1 — or —(CH 2 ) m1 —O—(CH 2 ) m1 —, wherein each m 1 independently is an integer of 1 to 10.
33 . The polymer of claim 32 , wherein B 1 is:
i) an alkylene group optionally interrupted with one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur; or ii) an optionally substituted aryl group.
34 . The polymer of claim 33 , wherein each R 1 is —H, an optionally substituted alkyl group or an optionally substituted alkoxy group.
35 . The polymer of claim 34 , wherein R is —H, phenyl, benzyl or an optionally substituted alkyl group.
36 . The polymer of claim 35 , wherein each A independently is O or NH.
37 . The polymer of claim 35 , wherein B 1 is an optionally substituted aryl group.
38 . The polymer of claim 37 , wherein X 1 —B 1 —X 2 is —O—B 1 O— or —N(R)—B 1 —N(R)—.
39 . The polymer of claim 38 , wherein each x1 represented by Q independently is 2, 3, 4 or 5.
40 . The polymer of claim 39 , wherein each R 1 is —H, an alkyl group or an alkoxy group.
41 . The polymer of claim 40 , wherein R is —H or an alkyl group.
42 . The polymer of claim 41 , wherein B 1 is an optionally substituted phenylene group.
43 . The polymer of claim 42 , wherein the phenylene group represented by B 1 is optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkoxy and hydroxy.
44 . The polymer of claim 1 , wherein a number of the repeat units included in the polymer is in a range of between 1 and 10,000.
45 . The polymer of claim 44 , wherein the number of the repeat units is in a range of between 1,000 and 10,000.
46 . The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is crosslinked with at least one crosslinking agent, and wherein at least one repeat unit of a first polymer strand is crosslinked with at least one repeat unit of a second polymer strand by at least one bridging unit.
47 . The polymer of claim 46 , wherein the polymer is crosslinked by the crosslinking agent in an amount of between about 0.5% and about 35% by weight based upon the weight of the non-crosslinked polymer.
48 . The polymer of claim 47 , wherein the crosslinking agent is selected from the group consisting of hexamethylenetetramine, aminoalkyl silanes, diacrylates, dimethylacrylates, formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, methylene bisacrylamide, methylene bismethacrylamide, ethylene bisacrylamide, ethylene bismethacrylamide, ethylidene bisacrylamide, divinylbenzene, bisphenol A, dimethacrylate, bisphenol A diacrylate, 1,3-dichloropropane, 1,3-dibromopropane, 1,2-dichloropropane, 1,2-dibromopropane, acryloyl chloride, epichlorohydrin, butanediol diglycidyl ether, ethanediol diglycidyl ether, dimethyl succinate, succinyl dichloride, the diglycidal ether of bisphenol A, pyromellitic dianhydride, toluene diisocyanate, ethylene diamine, dimethyl succinate and melamine.
49 . The polymer of claim 48 , wherein the crosslinking agent is hexamethylenetetramine.
50 . The polymer of claim 49 , whereon the polymer is crosslinked with at least one linker unit selected from the group consisting of: alkylene groups, alkylene bis(cycloalkyl) groups, bis(alkyl)amine groups, diaminoalkylene groups, diacylalkylene groups, diacylarene groups, oxyalkylene groups and alkylene bis(carbamoyl) groups.
51 . The polymer of claim 49 , wherein the linker unit is selected from the group consisting of: —(CH 2 ) f —, —CH 2 —CH(OH)—CH 2 —, —C(O)CH 2 CH 2 C(O)—, —HN—(CH 2 ) r —, —HN—(CH 2 ) r —NH—, —CH 2 CH(OH)—O—(CH 2 ) s —O—CH(OH)—CH 2 —, —(C 6 H 10 )—(CH 2 ), —(C 6 H 10 )—, —C(O)—(C 6 H 2 (COOH) 2 )—C(O)—, —C(O)NH(CH 2 ) r NHC(O)—, —O—CH 2 C(O)—O—(CH 2 CH 2 —O) u — and —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) t —,
wherein:
each r independently is , an integer from 2 to 20;
each s independently is an integer from 1 to 4;
each t independently is an integer from 1 to 100; and
each u independently is an integer from 1 to 1,000.
52 . The polymer of claim 51 , wherein the linker unit is selected from the group consisting of —(CH 2 )—, —NH—CH 2 —NH— and —(CH 2 )—NH—.
53 . The polymer of claim 47 , wherein the polymer is crosslinked by the crosslinking agent at a component of Z.
54 . A crosslinked polymer characterized by a repeat unit represented by a structural formula selected from the group consisting of:
or a copolymer thereof, at least one repeat unit of a first polymer strand being crosslinked with at least one repeat unit of a second polymer strand by at least one bridging unit, the first and second polymer strands and the repeat unit being components of the crosslinked polymer, wherein:
each X independently is O or S;
each A independently is O or NR;
each Q is an alkylene group optionally interrupted with one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur;
each R 1 independently is —H, an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted alkoxy group, an optionally substituted aryloxy group, or an optionally substituted aryl group;
each R independently is —H, an optionally substituted alkyl group or an optionally substituted aryl group;
B 1 is an optionally substituted alkylene group that is optionally interrupted with one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur, or an optionally substituted aryl group;
each U independently is an optionally substituted alkylene group that is optionally interrupted with one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur, or an optionally substituted aryl group;
each of Y 1 , Y 2 and Y 3 , independently, is O, S, NR;
each of Z 1 , Z 2 and Z 3 , independently, is O, S, NR; and
each of x1, x2 and x3, independently, is an integer of 1 to 50.
55 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 54 , wherein the polymer is crosslinked by at least one crosslinking agent in an amount of between about 0.5% and about 35% by weight based upon the weight of the non-crosslinked polymer.
56 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 55 , wherein the crosslinking agent is in an amount of between about 1% and about 25% by weight based upon the weight of the non-crosslinked polymer.
57 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 54 , wherein the crosslinking agent is selected from the group consisting of hexamethylenetetramine, aminoalkyl silanes, diacrylates, dimethylacrylates, formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, methylene bisacrylamide, methylene bismethacrylamide, ethylene bisacrylamide, ethylene bismethacrylamide, ethylidene bisacrylamide, divinylbenzene, bisphenol A, dimethacrylate, bisphenol A diacrylate, 1,3-dichloropropane, 1,3-dibromopropane, 1,2-dichloropropane, 1,2-dibromopropane, acryloyl chloride, epichlorohydrin, butanediol diglycidyl ether, ethanediol diglycidyl ether, dimethyl succinate, succinyl dichloride, the diglycidal ether of bisphenol A, pyromellitic dianhydride, toluene diisocyanate, ethylene diamine, melamine and dimethyl succinate.
58 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 57 , wherein the crosslinking agent is hexamethylenetetramine.
59 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 54 , wherein the repeat unit is characterized by the following structural formula:
60 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 59 , wherein each R 1 is:
i) —H; ii) an alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl, lower haloalkyl, phenyl and lower phenylalkyl; iii) an alkoxy group optionally substituted with one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl, lower haloalkyl, phenyl and lower phenylalkyl; iv) an aryloxy group optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, lower alkyl, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl; or v) an aryl group optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, lower alkyl, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl.
61 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 60 , wherein R is:
i) —H; ii) an alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl, lower haloalkyl, phenyl and lower phenylalkyl; or iii) an aryl group optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, lower alkyl, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl.
62 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 61 , wherein:
i) the alkylene group represented by B 1 is optionally substituted with one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen; amino; lower alkylamino; lower dialkylamino; lower alkoxy optionally substituted with halogen, amino, phenyl, benzyl, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, lower alkoxy carbonyl, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl; nitro; cyano; hydroxy; carboxy; lower alkoxy carbonyl; lower haloalkoxy; lower alkoxycarbonyl; lower alkylcarbonyl; aryl; and aralkyl; ii) and the aryl group represented by B 1 is optionally substituted with one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen; lower alkyl optionally substituted with halogen, amino, phenyl, benzyl, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, lower alkoxy carbonyl, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl; amino; lower alkylamin; lower dialkylamino; lower alkoxy optionally substituted with halogen, amino, phenyl, benzyl, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, lower alkoxy carbonyl, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl; nitro, cyano, hydroxy; lower haloalkoxy; lower alkoxycarbonyl; lower alkylcarbonyl; and lower haloalkyl.
63 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 62 , wherein each Q independently is —(CH 2 ) m1 — or —(CH 2 ) m1 —O—(CH 2 ) m1 —, wherein each m 1 independently is an integer of 1 to 10.
64 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 63 , wherein each m1 represented by Q independently is 2, 3, 4 or 5.
65 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 63 , wherein B 1 is:
i) an alkylene group optionally interrupted with one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur; or ii) an optionally substituted aryl group.
66 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 65 , wherein each R 1 is —H, an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted phenyl group or an optionally substituted alkoxy group.
67 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 66 , wherein R is —H, phenyl, benzyl or an optionally substituted alkyl group.
68 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 67 , wherein each A independently is O or NH.
69 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 67 , wherein B 1 is an optionally substituted aryl group.
70 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 69 , wherein X is O.
71 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 70 , wherein each R′ is —H, phenyl, an alkyl group or an alkoxy group.
72 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 71 , wherein R is —H or an alkyl group.
73 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 72 , wherein B 1 is an optionally substituted phenylene group.
74 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 73 , wherein the phenylene group represented by B 1 is optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, lower alkyl, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy and hydroxy.
75 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 67 , wherein the polymer is crosslinked by the crosslinking agent at B 1 .
76 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 75 , wherein the polymer is characterized by a repeat unit represented by the following structural formula:
or a copolymer thereof, wherein D is a bridging unit which connects B 1 of a first polymer strand to B 1 of a second polymer strand.
77 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 76 , whereon D is selected from the group consisting of: an alkylene group, an alkylene bis(cycloalkyl) group, a bis(alkyl)amine group, a diaminoalkylene group, a diacylalkylene group, a diacylarene group, an oxyalkylene group, an alkylene bis(carbamoyl) group,
terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, an ester of terephthalic acid or an ester of isophthalic acid.
78 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 77 , wherein D is selected from the group consisting of: —(CH 2 ) r —, —CH 2 —CH(OH)—CH 2 —, —C(O)CH 2 CH 2 C(O)—, —HN—(CH 2 ) r —, —HN—(CH 2 ) r —NH—, —CH 2, CH(OH)—O—(CH 2 ) s —O—CH(OH)—CH 2 —, —(C 6 H 10 )—(CH 2 ) s —(C 6 H 10 )—, —C(O)—(C 6 H 2 (COOH) 2 )—C(O)—, —C(O)NH(CH 2 ) f NHC(O)—, —O—CH 2 C(O)—O—(CH 2 CH 2 —O) u — and —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) t —,
wherein:
each r independently is , an integer from 2 to 20;
each s independently is an integer from 1 to 4;
each t independently is an integer from 1 to 100; and
each u independently is an integer from 1 to 1,000.
79 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 78 , wherein D is selected from the group consisting of —(CH 2 )—, —NH—CH 2 —NH— and —(CH 2 )—NH—.
80 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 78 , wherein each B 1 independently is an optionally substituted aryl group.
81 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 80 , wherein the crosslinked polymer is represented by the following structural formula:
wherein J 1 is represented by the following structural formula:
R 3 is a hydroxy or an alkoxy group;
each n1 and n2 independently is zero or an integer of 1 to 10,000;
each y1 and y2 independently is an integer of 1 to 10,000.
82 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 81 , wherein each B 1 independently is an optionally substituted phenylene group.
83 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 82 , wherein D is a bridging unit formed by crosslinking between B 1 and hexamethylenetetramine.
84 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 83 , wherein D is selected from the group consisting of —(CH 2 )—, —NH—CH 2 —NH— and —(CH 2 )—NH—.
85 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 54 , wherein the repeat unit is represented by a structural formula selected from the group consisting of:
86 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 85 , wherein each U independently is:
i) an alkylene group optionally substituted with one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen; amino; alkylamino; dialkylamino; alkoxy optionally substituted with halogen, amino, phenyl, benzyl, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, lower alkoxy carbonyl, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl; nitro; cyano; hydroxy; haloalkoxy; alkoxycarbonyl; alkylcarbonyll; haloalkyl; aryl and aralkyl; or ii) an aryl group optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen; alkyl optionally substituted with halogen, amino, phenyl, benzyl, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, lower alkoxy carbonyl, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl; amino; alkylamino; dialkylamino; alkoxy optionally substituted with halogen, amino, phenyl, benzyl, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, lower alkoxy carbonyl, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl; nitro; cyano; hydroxy; haloalkoxy; alkoxycarbonyl; alkylcarbonyl; and haloalkyl.
87 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 86 , wherein R is:
i) —H; ii) an alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl, lower haloalkyl, phenyl and lower phenylalkyl; or iii) an aryl group optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, lower alkyl, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl.
88 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 87 , wherein each of Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 , Z 1 , Z 2 and Z 3 , independently, is O or NR.
89 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 87 , wherein each U independently is an optionally substituted aryl group.
90 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 89 , wherein each R is —H, phenyl, benzyl, or an alkyl group.
91 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 90 , wherein each R is —H.
92 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 91 , wherein each U independently is an optionally substituted phenylene group.
93 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 92 , wherein each of x1, x2 and x3 is an integer of 4-50.
94 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 90 , wherein the polymer is crosslinked by the crosslinking agent at U.
95 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 94 , wherein the polymer is characterized by a repeat unit represented by a following structural formula selected from the group consisting of:
or a copolymer thereof, wherein D is a bridging unit which connects U of a first polymer strand to U of a second polymer strand, and is formed from the crosslinking between U and the crosslinking agent.
96 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 95 , whereon D is selected from the group consisting of: an alkylene group, an alkylene bis(cycloalkyl) group, a bis(alkyl)amine group, a diaminoalkylene group, a diacylalkylene group, a diacylarene group, an oxyalkylene group and an alkylene bis(carbamoyl) group.
97 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 96 , wherein D is selected from the group consisting of: —(CH 2 ) r —, —CH 2 —CH(OH)—CH 2 —, —C(O)CH 2 CH 2 C(O)—, —HN—(CH 2 ) r —, —HN—(CH 2 ) r —NH—, —CH 2 —CH(OH)—O—(CH 2 ) s —O—CH(OH)—CH 2 —, —(C 6 H 10 )—(CH 2 ) s —(C 6 H 10 )—, —C(O)—(C 6 H 2 (COOH) 2 )—C(O)—, —C(O)NH(CH 2 ) r NHC(O)— —O—CH 2 C(O)—O—(CH 2 CH 2 —O) u — and —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) t —,
wherein:
each r independently is , an integer from 2 to 20;
each s independently is an integer from 1 to 4;
each t independently is an integer from 1 to 100; and
each u independently is an integer from 1 to 1,000.
98 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 97 , wherein D is selected from the group consisting of —(CH 2 )—, —NH—CH 2 —NH— and —(CH 2 )—NH—.
99 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 97 , wherein U is an optionally substituted aryl group.
100 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 99 , wherein the crosslinked polymer is represented by a structural formula selected from the group consisting of:
wherein:
J 2 is represented by the following structural formula:
J 3 is represented by the following structural formula:
J 4 is represented by the following structural formula:
each of R 4 and R 5 independently is H, hydroxy, amino, alkoxy, aryl or aryloxy;
each of n1 and n2 independently is zero or an integer of 1 to 10,000;
each of y1 and y2 independently is an integer of 1 to 10,000.
101 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 100 , wherein each U independently is an optionally substituted phenylene group.
102 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 101 , wherein each D independently is a bridging unit formed by crosslinking between U and hexamethylenetetramine.
103 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 102 , wherein each D independently is selected from the group consisting of —(CH 2 )—, —NH—CH 2 —NH— and —(CH 2 )—NH—.
104 . The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is a copolymer.
105 . The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the repeat unit is characterized by the following structural formula:
or a copolymer thereof, wherein:
each Ak independently is an alkyl group; and
each Ph independently is a phenyl group.
106 . The polymer of claim 105 , wherein Z is
—N(R 2 )—C(O)-T 1 -G-E-G-T 2 -C(O)—N(R 2 )—.
107 . The polymer of claim 106 , wherein G is an optionally substituted arylene group.
108 . The polymer of claim 107 , wherein Ak is methyl.
109 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 54 , wherein the repeat unit is represented by the following structural formula:
or a copolymer thereof, wherein:
each Ak independently is an alkyl group; and
each Ph independently is a phenyl group.
110 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 109 , wherein Ak is methyl.
111 . The crosslinked polymer of claim 54 , wherein the polymer is a copolymer.
112 . A polymer characterized by a repeat unit represented by the following structural formula:
or a copolymer thereof, wherein:
each X independently is O or S;
each A independently is O or NR;
each Q is an alkylene group optionally interrupted with one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur;
each R 1 independently is —H, an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted alkoxy group, an optionally substituted aryloxy group, or an optionally substituted aryl group;
each R independently is —H, an optionally substituted alkyl group or an optionally substituted aryl group;
B 1 is an optionally substituted alkylene group that is optionally interrupted with one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur, or an optionally substituted aryl group;
x1 is an integer of 1 to 50;
x6 is an integer of 1 to 10; and
x7 are an integer of 1 to 1,000.
113 . The polymer of claim 112 , wherein R is:
i) —H; ii) an alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl, lower haloalkyl, phenyl and lower phenylalkyl; or iii) an aryl group optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, lower alkyl, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl.
114 . The polymer of claim 113 , wherein each R 1 is:
i) —H; ii) an alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl, lower haloalkyl, phenyl and lower phenylalkyl; iii) an alkoxy group optionally substituted with one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl, lower haloalkyl, phenyl and lower phenylalkyl; iv) an aryloxy group optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, lower alkyl, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl; or v) an aryl group optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, lower alkyl, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl.
115 . The polymer of claim 114 , wherein R is:
i) —H; ii) an alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl, lower haloalkyl, phenyl and lower phenylalkyl; or iii) an aryl group optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, lower alkyl, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl.
116 . The polymer of claim 115 , wherein:
i) the alkylene group represented by B 1 is optionally substituted with one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen; amino; lower alkylamino; lower dialkylamino; lower alkoxy optionally substituted with halogen, amino, phenyl, benzyl, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, lower alkoxy carbonyl, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl; nitro; cyano; hydroxy; carboxy; lower alkoxy carbonyl; lower haloalkoxy; lower alkoxycarbonyl; lower alkylcarbonyl; aryl; and aralkyl; and ii) the aryl group represented by B 1 is optionally substituted with one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen; lower alkyl optionally substituted with halogen, amino, phenyl, benzyl, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, lower alkoxy carbonyl, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl; amino; lower alkylamin; lower dialkylamino; lower alkoxy optionally substituted with halogen, amino, phenyl, benzyl, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, lower alkoxy carbonyl, lower haloalkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl and lower haloalkyl; nitro, cyano, hydroxy; lower haloalkoxy; lower alkoxycarbonyl; lower alkylcarbonyl; and lower haloalkyl.
117 . The polymer of claim 116 , wherein each Q independently is —(CH 2 ) m1 — or —(CH 2 ) m1 —O—(CH 2 ) m1 —, wherein each m 1 independently is an integer of 1 to 10.
118 . The polymer of claim 117 , wherein each ml represented by Q independently is 2, 3, 4 or 5.
119 . The polymer of claim 118 , wherein B 1 is:
i) an alkylene group optionally interrupted with one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur; or ii) an optionally substituted aryl group.
120 . The polymer of claim 119 , wherein each R 1 is —H, an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted phenyl group or an optionally substituted alkoxy group.
121 . The polymer of claim 120 , wherein R is —H, phenyl, benzyl or an optionally substituted alkyl group.
122 . The polymer of claim 121 , wherein each A independently is O or NH.
123 . The polymer of claim 122 , wherein B 1 is an optionally substituted aryl group.
124 . The polymer of claim 123 , wherein the repeat unit is characterized by the following structural formula:
125 . The polymer of claim 124 , wherein X is O.
126 . The polymer of claim 125 , wherein each R 1 independently is lower alkyl, phenyl or benzyl.
127 . The polymer of claim 112 , wherein a number of the repeat units included in the polymer is in a range of between 1 and 10,000.
128 . The polymer of claim 127 , wherein the number of the repeat units is in a range of between 1,000 and 10,000.
129 . The polymer of claim 112 , wherein the polymer is crosslinked with at least one crosslinking agent, and wherein at least one repeat unit of a first polymer strand is crosslinked with at least one repeat unit of a second polymer strand by at least one bridging unit.
130 . A composition comprising a polymer of claim 1 .
131 . The composition of claim 130 , further including a fire retardant.
132 . The composition of claim 131 , further including one or materials selected from the group consisting of a metal oxide, a clay and a carbon material.
133 . A composition comprising a polymer of claim 54 .
134 . The composition of claim 133 , further including a fire retardant.
135 . The composition of claim 134 , further including one or materials selected from the group consisting of a metal oxide, a clay and a carbon material.
136 . A composition comprising a polymer of claim 112 .
137 . The composition of claim 136 , further including a fire retardant.
138 . The composition of claim 137 , further including one or materials selected from the group consisting of a metal oxide, a clay and a carbon material.
139 . A method of preparing a polymer of claim 1 , the method comprising:
a) mixing linear or cyclic monomers, oligomers, macromers, or a combination thereof to form a monomer mixture; b) adding a lipase, esterase, or protease to the monomer mixture to form a reaction mixture; and c) reacting the reaction mixture for a time and under polymerizing conditions suitable to obtain the polymer.
140 . A method of preparing a polymer of claim 112 , the method comprising:
a) mixing linear or cyclic monomers, oligomers, macromers, or a combination thereof to form a monomer mixture; b) adding a lipase, esterase, or protease to the monomer mixture to form a reaction mixture; and c) reacting the reaction mixture for a time and under polymerizing conditions suitable to obtain the polymer.
141 . A method of preparing a crosslinked polymer of claim 54 , the method comprising:
a) mixing linear or cyclic monomers, oligomers, macromers, or a combination thereof to form a monomer mixture; b) adding a lipase, esterase, or protease to the monomer mixture to form a reaction mixture; c) reacting the reaction mixture for a time and under polymerizing conditions suitable to obtain a polymer; and d) reacting the polymer with at least one crosslinking agent to thereby form the crosslinked polymer.
142 . A polymer, wherein the polymer is characterized with a following structural formula selected from the group consisting of:
wherein R is H or CH 3 ; and each n is an integer of 1-50.
143 . A polymer, wherein the polymer is characterized with a following structural formula selected from the group consisting of:
wherein each n is an integer of 1-50.
144 . A polymer, wherein the polymer is characterized with a following structural formula selected from the group consisting of:
wherein each n is an integer of 1-50.Cited by (0)
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