Adsorption apparatus comprising a heat recovery system

Abstract

The invention relates to an adsorption machine, comprising at least a first and a second adsorber unit which are each connected to a forward motion (VL) and a return motion (RL), in order to supply heat from a heat transfer medium of the adsorber unit conducted through the forward motion (VL) to the adsorber unit or to remove said heat from the adsorber unit to the heat transfer medium; each adsorber unit works alternately in a desorption phase as a desorber, wherein heat is removed from the heat transfer medium to the desorber and in an adsorption phase as an adsorber, wherein heat is removed from the adsorber to the heat transfer medium; the adsorption machine comprises further at least two heat transfer medium circuits, namely a heating circuit with a heat source for heating up of the heat transfer medium, and a cooling circuit with a heat sink for cooling of the heat transfer medium. The invention is characterized in that a control unit is provided which switches the forward motions (VL) and the return motions (RL) individually alternately to the heating circuit and the cooling circuit in such a way that the return motion with the highest temperature always feeds its heat transfer medium to the heating circuit.

1 . Adsorptive machine, comprising
 at least a first and a second adsorber unit which are each connected to a forward motion (VL) and a return motion (RL), in order to supply heat from a heat transfer medium of the adsorber unit ( 1 ) conducted through the forward motion (VL) to the adsorber unit or to remove said heat from the adsorber unit to the heat transfer medium;   each adsorber unit works alternately in a desorption phase as a desorber, wherein heat is removed from the heat transfer medium to the desorber and in an adsorption phase as an adsorber, wherein heat is removed from the adsorber to the heat transfer medium;   the adsorption machine comprises further at least two heat transfer medium circuits, namely a heating circuit with a heat source for heating up of the heat transfer medium, and a cooling circuit with a heat sink for cooling of the heat transfer medium, wherein   a control unit is provided which switches the forward motions (VL) and the return motions (RL) individually alternately to the heating circuit and the cooling circuit in such a way that the return motion with the highest temperature always feeds its heat transfer medium to the heating circuit;   characterized in that the control unit is designed in such a way that in the transition of the first adsorber unit from the desorption phase to the adsorption phase and in the transition of the second adsorber unit from the adsorption phase to the desorption phase or vice versa first it connects the forward motion (VL) of the adsorber unit which is connected as the new desorber to the heating circuit so that the new desorber is fed from the heating circuit and thus heated up, and the return motion (RL) of this new desorber continues to be connected to the cooling circuit until the temperature level of the heat transfer medium in the return motion (RL) is increased by a preset extent, or is warmer than the return motion (RL) of the other adsorber unit, and the return motion (VL) of the new adsorber is connected to the cooling circuit so that this new adsorber is cooled and the still warm return motion (RL) of the new adsorber continues to remain connected to the heating circuit until the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the return motion (RL) has decreased by a predetermined extent, or up to or below the temperature of the return motion (RL) of the other adsorber unit.   
     
     
         2 . The adsorption machine in accordance with  claim 1  characterized in that the control unit is designed in such a way that it always switches the return motion (RL) with the lowest temperature in such a way that it feeds its heat transfer medium to the cooling circuit. 
     
     
         3 . The adsorption machine according to  claim 1 , characterized in that a temperature difference ΔT X  between the heating circuit and the cooling circuit amounts to at least 10° C. or at least 20° C. or at least 25° C. 
     
     
         4 . The adsorption machine according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the adsorption machine comprises three heat transfer medium circuits. 
     
     
         5 . The adsorption machine according to  claim 4 , characterized in that the third heat transfer medium circuit is a low temperature circuit and exhibits a temperature difference ΔT Y  to the heating circuit, wherein the temperature difference ΔT Y  is greater than the temperature difference ΔT X . 
     
     
         6 . The adsorption machine according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the heat transfer medium with the lowest temperature is assigned to the low temperature circuit. 
     
     
         7 . The adsorption machine according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the adsorption machine comprises at least three adsorber units. 
     
     
         8 . The adsorption machine according to  claim 1 , characterized in that water, water vapor or oil is used as the heat transfer medium. 
     
     
         9 . The adsorption machine according to  claim 1 , characterized in that each adsorber unit comprises zeolite as an adsorbing agent. 
     
     
         10 . The adsorption machine according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the adsorption machine is a refrigerating machine. 
     
     
         11 . A method for heat recovery in an adsorption machine comprising at least a first and a second adsorber unit which are each connected to a forward motion (VL) and a return motion (RL), in order to supply heat from a heat transfer medium of the adsorber unit conducted through the forward motion (VL) to the adsorber unit or to remove said heat from the adsorber unit to the heat transfer medium and further comprising at least two heat transfer medium circuits, namely a heating circuit with a heat source ( 3 ) for heating up of the heat transfer medium, and a cooling circuit with a heat sink ( 4 ) for cooling of the heat transfer medium, wherein
 each adsorber unit works alternately in a desorption phase as a desorber, wherein heat is removed from the heat transfer medium to the desorber and in an adsorption phase as an adsorber, wherein heat is removed from the adsorber to the heat transfer medium; and   the forward motions (VL) and the return motions (RL) are switched individually alternately to the heating circuit and the cooling circuit in such a way that the return motion with the highest temperature always feeds its heat transfer medium to the heating circuit;   characterized in that in the transition of the first adsorber unit from the desorption phase to the adsorption phase and in the transition of the second adsorber unit from the adsorption phase to the desorption phase or vice versa first the forward motion (VL) of the adsorber unit which is connected as the new desorber is connected to the heating circuit so that the new desorber is fed from the heating circuit and thus heated up, and the return motion (RL) of this new desorber continues to be connected to the cooling circuit until the temperature level of the heat transfer medium in the return motion (RL) is increased by a preset extent, or is warmer than the return motion (RL) of the other adsorber unit, and the return motion (VL) of the new adsorber is connected to the cooling circuit so that this new adsorber is cooled and the still warm return motion (RL) of the new adsorber continues to remain connected to the heating circuit until the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the return motion (RL) has decreased by a predetermined extent, or up to or below the temperature of the return motion (RL) of the other adsorber unit.   
     
     
         12 . The method in accordance with  claim 11 , characterized in that the return motion (RL) with the lowest temperature is always switched in such a way that it feeds its heat transfer medium to the cooling circuit. 
     
     
         13 . The method in accordance with  claim 12 , characterized in that the switching of the forward motions (VL) and of the return motions (RL) takes place by means of a control unit which compares the temperatures of the return motions (RL) with each other. 
     
     
         14 . The method in accordance with  claim 11 , characterized in that the switching of the forward motions (VL) and of the return motions (RL) takes place by means of a control unit which compares the temperatures of the return motions (RL) with each other. 
     
     
         15 . The adsorption machine according to  claim 2 , characterized in that a temperature difference ΔT X  between the heating circuit and the cooling circuit amounts to at least 10° C. or at least 20° C. or at least 25° C. 
     
     
         16 . The adsorption machine according to  claim 2 , characterized in that the adsorption machine comprises three heat transfer medium circuits. 
     
     
         17 . The adsorption machine according to  claim 3 , characterized in that the adsorption machine comprises three heat transfer medium circuits. 
     
     
         18 . The adsorption machine according to  claim 2 , characterized in that the heat transfer medium with the lowest temperature is assigned to the low temperature circuit. 
     
     
         19 . The adsorption machine according to  claim 3 , characterized in that the heat transfer medium with the lowest temperature is assigned to the low temperature circuit. 
     
     
         20 . The adsorption machine according to  claim 4 , characterized in that the heat transfer medium with the lowest temperature is assigned to the low temperature circuit.