Spermicidal and virucidal properties of various forms of sophorolipids

Abstract

Sophorolipid compounds having spermicidal and/or antiviral properties prepared by synthesizing the sophorolipid by fermentation of Candida bombicola in a fermentation media to form a natural mixture of lactonic sophorolipids compounds and non-lactonic sophorolipids compounds and utilizing the natural mixture as a spermicidal and/or antiviral agent, and/or separating the lactonic sophorolipids from the natural mixture to form a lactonic fraction and mixing all remaining fractions to form a non-lactonic fraction and utilizing the lactonic fraction and/or the non-lactonic fraction as an spermicidal and/or antiviral agent, and sophorolipid compounds for use as spermicidal and/or antiviral agents.

1 . A contraceptive compound comprising a sophorolipid compound selected from the group consisting of:
 a. 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate-6′,6″-diacetate;   b. Ethyl 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate;   c. Hexyl 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate; and   d. combinations thereof.   
     
     
         2 . The sophorolipid compound as claimed in  claim 1 , further comprising a spermicidal agent. 
     
     
         3 . The sophorolipid compound as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the sophorolipid compound is 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate-6′,6″-diacetate. 
     
     
         4 . The sophorolipid compound as claimed in  claim 3 , wherein the sophorolipid compound is in a form selected from the group consisting of a gel, a film, a foam, a suppository, a pessary, a liposomic formulation, as a liquid imbibed in a sponge, and as a liquid being released from an intravaginal or intrauterine delivery system. 
     
     
         5 . The sophorolipid compound as claimed in  claim 3 , wherein the sophorolipid compound is synthesized by fermentation of  Candida bombicola  in a fermentation media to form a natural mixture of lactonic sophorolipids and non-lactonic sophorolipids in combination with at least one sophorolipid selected from the group consisting of:
 a. 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate-6′,6″-diacetate;   b. Ethyl 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate;   c. Hexyl 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate; and   d. combinations thereof.   
     
     
         6 . The sophorolipid compound as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the sophorolipid compound is Ethyl 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate. 
     
     
         7 . The sophorolipid compound as claimed in  claim 6 , wherein the sophorolipid compound is in a form selected from the group consisting of a gel, a film, a foam, a suppository, a pessary, a liposomic formulation, as a liquid imbibed in a sponge, and as a liquid being released from an intravaginal or intrauterine delivery system. 
     
     
         8 . The sophorolipid compound as claimed in  claim 6 , wherein the sophorolipid compound is synthesized by fermentation of  Candida bombicola  in a fermentation media to form a natural mixture of lactonic sophorolipids and non-lactonic sophorolipids in combination with at least one sophorolipid selected from the group consisting of:
 a. 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate-6′,6″-diacetate;   b. Ethyl 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate;   c. Hexyl 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate; and   d. combinations thereof.   
     
     
         9 . The sophorolipid compound as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the sophorolipid compound is Hexyl 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate. 
     
     
         10 . The sophorolipid compound as claimed in  claim 9 , wherein the sophorolipid compound is in a form selected from the group consisting of a gel, a film, a foam, a suppository, a pessary, a liposomic formulation, as a liquid imbibed in a sponge, and as a liquid being released from an intravaginal or intrauterine delivery system. 
     
     
         11 . The sophorolipid compound as claimed in  claim 9 , wherein the sophorolipid compound is synthesized by fermentation of  Candida bombicola  in a fermentation media to form a natural mixture of lactonic sophorolipids and non-lactonic sophorolipids in combination with at least one sophorolipid selected from the group consisting of:
 a. 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate-6′,6″-diacetate;   b. Ethyl 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate;   c. Hexyl 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate; and   d. combinations thereof.   
     
     
         12 . An antiviral compound comprising a sophorolipid compound selected from the group consisting of:
 a. 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate-6′,6″-diacetate;   b. Ethyl 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate;   c. Hexyl 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate; and   d. combinations thereof.   
     
     
         13 . The sophorolipid compound as claimed in  claim 12 , further comprising an antiviral agent. 
     
     
         14 . The sophorolipid compound as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein the sophorolipid compound is 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate-6′,6″-diacetate. 
     
     
         15 . The sophorolipid compound as claimed in  claim 14 , wherein the sophorolipid compound is in a form selected from the group consisting of a gel, a film, a foam, a suppository, a pessary, a liposomic formulation, as a liquid imbibed in a sponge, and as a liquid being released from an intravaginal or intrauterine delivery system. 
     
     
         16 . The sophorolipid compound as claimed in  claim 14 , wherein the sophorolipid compound is synthesized by fermentation of  Candida bombicola  in a fermentation media to form a natural mixture of lactonic sophorolipids and non-lactonic sophorolipids in combination with at least one sophorolipid selected from the group consisting of:
 a. 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate-6′,6″-diacetate;   b. Ethyl 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate;   c. Hexyl 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate; and   d. combinations thereof.   
     
     
         17 . The sophorolipid compound as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein the sophorolipid compound is Ethyl 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate. 
     
     
         18 . The sophorolipid compound as claimed in  claim 17 , wherein the sophorolipid compound is in a form selected from the group consisting of a gel, a film, a foam, a suppository, a pessary, a liposomic formulation, as a liquid imbibed in a sponge, and as a liquid being released from an intravaginal or intrauterine delivery system. 
     
     
         19 . The sophorolipid compound as claimed in  claim 17 , wherein the sophorolipid compound is synthesized by fermentation of  Candida bombicola  in a fermentation media to form a natural mixture of lactonic sophorolipids and non-lactonic sophorolipids in combination with at least one sophorolipid selected from the group consisting of:
 a. 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate-6′,6″-diacetate;   b. Ethyl 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate;   c. Hexyl 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate; and   d. combinations thereof.   
     
     
         20 . The sophorolipid compound as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein the sophorolipid compound is Hexyl 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate. 
     
     
         21 . The sophorolipid compound as claimed in  claim 20 , wherein the sophorolipid compound is in a form selected from the group consisting of a gel, a film, a foam, a suppository, a pessary, a liposomic formulation, as a liquid imbibed in a sponge, and as a liquid being released from an intravaginal or intrauterine delivery system. 
     
     
         22 . The sophorolipid compound as claimed in  claim 20 , wherein the sophorolipid compound is synthesized by fermentation of  Candida bombicola  in a fermentation media to form a natural mixture of lactonic sophorolipids and non-lactonic sophorolipids in combination with at least one sophorolipid selected from the group consisting of:
 a. 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate-6′,6″-diacetate;   b. Ethyl 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate;   c. Hexyl 17-L-[(2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-oxy]-cis-9-octadecenoate; and   d. combinations thereof.