Adaptive matching, tuning, and power transfer of wireless power

Abstract

Described herein are embodiments of a transmitter system for wireless power that may include a high-Q resonator that may include an inductive element and a capacitor that are collectively magnetically resonant at a first frequency, and a coupling loop assembly, that may include a first coupling loop part adjustably connected to said high-Q resonator. Another embodiment of the transmitter system for wireless power may include a first high-Q magnetic resonator that may include an inductive element and a capacitor that are collectively magnetically resonant at a first frequency, said first high-Q magnetic resonator positioned for wirelessly supplying power to devices on the ground.

1 . A transmitter system for wireless power, comprising:
 a high-Q resonator, comprising an inductive element and a capacitor that are collectively magnetically resonant at a first frequency; and a coupling loop assembly, comprising a first coupling loop part adjustably connected to said high-Q resonator.   
     
     
         2 . The system as in  claim 1 , wherein said coupling loop is formed of a conducting ribbon. 
     
     
         3 . The system as in  claim 1 , wherein said resonator includes multiple loops. 
     
     
         4 . The system as in  claim 3 , wherein said multiple loops include a mechanism that moves positions of said loops relative to one another. 
     
     
         5 . The system as in  claim 3 , further comprising a feedback mechanism that adjusts a resonance frequency of said resonator by moving said multiple loops relative to one another. 
     
     
         6 . The system as in  claim 1 , wherein said coupling loop is unconnected to said resonator and coupling is performed via magnetic induction. 
     
     
         7 . A receiver system for wireless power, comprising:
 a circuit that receives a signal at a first frequency and produces an electrical output based on said first frequency;   a high-Q resonator, comprising an inductive element and a capacitor that are collectively magnetically resonant at said first frequency; and   a coupling loop assembly, comprising a first coupling loop part adjustably connected to said high-Q resonator.   
     
     
         8 . The system as in  claim 7 , wherein said coupling loop is formed of a conducting ribbon. 
     
     
         9 . The system as in  claim 7 , wherein said high-Q resonator includes multiple loops. 
     
     
         10 . The system as in  claim 9 , wherein said multiple loops include a mechanism that moves positions of said loops relative to one another. 
     
     
         11 . The system as in  claim 9 , further comprising a feedback mechanism that adjusts a resonance frequency of said resonator by moving said multiple loops relative to one another. 
     
     
         12 . The system as in  claim 7 , wherein said coupling loop is unconnected to said resonator and coupling is performed via magnetic induction. 
     
     
         13 . A high-Q resonator, comprising:
 multiple loops forming an inductive part;   a capacitor, connected with said multiple loops; and   a mover, that moves said multiple loops relative to one another, to move the loops closer to one another to lower a resonance frequency of said high-Q resonator, and to move the loops further from one another to raise the resonance frequency of said high-Q resonator.   
     
     
         14 . A method of coupling electric power wirelessly, comprising:
 a transmitter system for wireless power and a receiver system for wireless power, wherein information is exchanged between the transmitter system and the receiver system.   
     
     
         15 . A method of coupling electric power wirelessly, comprising:
 configuring a circuit of a transmitter system for wireless power into a first configuration to transfer power wirelessly; and   re-configuring the circuit to improve the electric power coupling.   
     
     
         16 . A method of coupling electric power wirelessly, comprising:
 configuring a circuit of a receiver system for wireless power into a first configuration to receive power wirelessly; and   re-configuring the circuit to improve the electric power coupling.   
     
     
         17 . The transmitter system as in  claim 1 , further comprising a first circuit that produces a signal at a first frequency, coupled to said high-Q resonator. 
     
     
         18 . A system for wireless power, comprising:
 means for transmitting or receiving wireless power, said means, comprising of an inductive element and a capacitor that are collectively magnetically resonant at a first frequency; and first means for coupling wireless power to said means for transmitting, a means for activating said first coupling loop means, and a means for second coupling wireless power from means for receiving wireless power, and means for activating said second means.   
     
     
         19 . The system as in  claim 18 , wherein said first and second means are formed of a conducting ribbon. 
     
     
         20 . The system as in  claim 18 , wherein said means for transmitting and receiving includes multiple loops. 
     
     
         21 . The system as in  claim 20 , wherein said multiple loops include a means for moving positions of said loops relative to one another. 
     
     
         22 . A transmitter system for wireless power, comprising:
 a first high-Q magnetic resonator, comprising an inductive element and a capacitor that are collectively magnetically resonant at a first frequency, said first high-Q magnetic resonator positioned for wirelessly supplying power to devices on the ground.   
     
     
         23 . The system as in  claim 22 , wherein said first frequency is 135 kHz. 
     
     
         24 . The system as in  claim 23 , wherein said inductive element is a conducting coil. 
     
     
         25 . The system as in  claim 22 , further comprising at least one additional high-Q magnetic resonator. 
     
     
         26 . The system as in  claim 25 , further comprising a power supply, which produces a signal that is magnetically resonant at said first frequency, said signal of a type that, when output to said at least one high-Q magnetic resonator, transmits power to a remote high-Q magnetic resonator. 
     
     
         27 . The system as in  claim 26 , wherein said power supply couples to one of said coils of said at least one high-Q magnetic resonator. 
     
     
         28 . The system as in  claim 27 , further comprising a coupling mechanism, which couples the signal to a selected coil only, and does not send any signal to any other coil. 
     
     
         29 . The system as in  claim 22 , further comprising a power supply, which produces a signal that is magnetically resonant at said first frequency, said signal of a type that, when output to said high-Q magnetic resonator, transmits power to a remote high-Q magnetic resonator. 
     
     
         30 . A transmitter system for wireless power, comprising:
 at least one high-Q magnetic resonator, and each of said at least one high-Q magnetic resonators comprising a capacitor that brings said at least one high-Q magnetic resonators to substantial magnetic resonance at a first frequency, said at least one high-Q magnetic resonators embedded in a ground area.   
     
     
         31 . The system as in  claim 30 , further comprising a power supply, which produces a signal that is magnetically resonant at said first frequency, said signal of a type that, when output to one of said at least one high-Q magnetic resonators, transmits power to a remote high-Q magnetic resonator. 
     
     
         32 . The system as in  claim 31 , wherein said first frequency is 135 kHz. 
     
     
         33 . The system as in  claim 31 , further comprising a coupling mechanism, which couples said output signal to a coil of said at least one high-Q magnetic resonator. 
     
     
         34 . The system as in  claim 33 , further comprising information exchange between said at least one high-Q magnetic resonator and said remote high-Q magnetic resonator, wherein said information exchange is used to improve wireless power transmission. 
     
     
         35 . A receiver system for wireless power, comprising:
 a receiving high-Q magnetic resonator, comprising a coil and capacitor that are collectively magnetically resonant at a first frequency; wherein said receiving high-Q magnetic resonator may change positions.   
     
     
         36 . The receiver system as in  claim 35 , further comprising an information exchange, which automatically provides information for improved coupling between said receiving high-Q magnetic resonator and said at least one transmitting high-Q magnetic resonator. 
     
     
         37 . The receiver system as in  claim 35 , further comprising circuitry that receives a magnetically induced signal from said receiving high-Q magnetic resonator and produces power therefrom. 
     
     
         38 . The receiver system as in  claim 37 , wherein said circuitry is resonant at 135 kHz. 
     
     
         39 . The receiver system as in  claim 35 , wherein said receiving high-Q magnetic resonator is part of a battery operated vehicle. 
     
     
         40 . A receiver system for wireless power, comprising:
 a vehicle that operates based on electric power;   a high-Q receiving magnetic resonator, formed in said vehicle, comprising a coil and capacitor that are collectively magnetically resonant at a first frequency, and is connected to produce an output power to said vehicle; and   wherein said receiver system performance relies on information exchange between said receiver system and a transmitter system for wireless power.   
     
     
         41 . The receiver as in  claim 40 , further comprising an information exchange, which automatically provides information for improved coupling between said receiving high-Q magnetic resonator and said at least one transmitting high-Q magnetic resonator. 
     
     
         42 . The receiver as in  claim 40 , further comprising circuitry that receives a magnetically induced signal from said high-Q receiving magnetic resonator, and produces power therefrom, and uses said power to operate said vehicle. 
     
     
         43 . The receiver as in  claim 42 , wherein said circuitry is resonant at 135 kHz. 
     
     
         44 . A method, comprising:
 wirelessly transmitting power from a high-Q source resonator to a high-Q device resonator attached to a battery operated vehicle; and   utilizing information exchange between the resonators to enable the wireless power transmission.