Nanoalloy fuel composition

Abstract

There is disclosed a fuel composition comprising: a water-free, organic fuel; and a nanoalloy represented by the following generic formula (A a ) n (B b ) n (C c ) n (D d ) n ( . . . ) n ; wherein each capital letter and ( . . . ) is a metal; wherein A is a combustion modifier; B is a deposit modifier; C is a corrosion inhibitor; and D is a combustion co-modifier/electrostatic precipitator enhancer; wherein each subscript letter represents compositional stoichiometry; wherein each n is independently greater than or equal to zero; wherein the nanoalloy comprises at least two different metals; and with the proviso that if the metal is cerium, then its compositional stoichiometry is less than about 0.7.

1 . A fuel composition comprising:
 a water-free, organic fuel; and   a nanoalloy represented by the following generic formula
   (A a ) n (B b ) n (C c ) n (D d ) n ( . . . ) n ; 
 wherein each capital letter and ( . . . ) is a metal; 
 wherein A is a combustion modifier; B is a deposit modifier; C is a corrosion inhibitor; and D is a combustion co-modifier/electrostatic precipitator enhancer; 
 wherein each subscript letter represents compositional stoichiometry; 
 wherein each n is independently greater than or equal to zero; 
 wherein the nanoalloy comprises at least two different metals; and 
 with the proviso that if the metal is cerium, then its compositional stoichiometry is less than about 0.7. 
   
     
     
         2 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of metalloids, transition metals, and metal ions. 
     
     
         3 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein A is selected from the group consisting of Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Ca, Rh, Pd, Pt, Ru, Ir, Ag, Au, and Ce. 
     
     
         4 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein B is selected from the group consisting of Mg, Al, Si, Sc, Ti, Zn, Sr, Y, Zr, Mo, In, Sn, Ba, La, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Yb, Lu, Cu and Ce. 
     
     
         5 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein C is selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Mn, Cu, Zn, and Cr. 
     
     
         6 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein D is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Mn. 
     
     
         7 . The composition of  claim 1 , further comprising wherein A, B and/or D is an emissions modifier. 
     
     
         8 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the nanoalloy comprises an average particle size of from about 1 to about 100 nanometers. 
     
     
         9 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the nanoalloy comprises an average particle size of from about 5 to about 75 nanometers. 
     
     
         10 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the nanoalloy is bimetallic. 
     
     
         11 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the nanoalloy is trimetallic. 
     
     
         12 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the nanoalloy is tetrametallic. 
     
     
         13 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the nanoalloy is polymetallic. 
     
     
         14 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the nanoalloy is monofunctional. 
     
     
         15 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the nanoalloy is bifunctional. 
     
     
         16 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the nanoalloy is trifunctional. 
     
     
         17 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the nanoalloy is tetrafunctional. 
     
     
         18 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the nanoalloy is polyfunctional. 
     
     
         19 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the nanoalloy is selected from the group consisting of bimetallic, trimetallic, tetrametallic, and polymetallic; and
 wherein the nanoalloy is selected from the group consisting of monofunctional, bifunctional, trifunctional, tetrafunctional, and polyfunctional.   
     
     
         20 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the nanoalloy is treated with an organic compound. 
     
     
         21 . The composition of  claim 20 , wherein the organic compound is selected from the group consisting of an organic carboxylic acid, organic anhydride, organic ester, and a Lewis base. 
     
     
         22 . The composition of  claim 21 , wherein the organic carboxylic acid and organic anhydride comprise at least about 8 carbon atoms. 
     
     
         23 . The composition of  claim 21 , wherein the organic ester is an aliphatic ester. 
     
     
         24 . The composition of  claim 21 , wherein the Lewis base comprises an aliphatic chain comprising at least 8 carbon atoms. 
     
     
         25 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the water-free, organic fuel is selected from the group consisting of diesel fuel, jet fuel, alcohols, ethers, kerosene, low sulfur fuels, synthetic fuels, coal, biomass, liquid petroleum gas, bunker oils, gas to liquid fuels, coal to liquid fuels, biomass to liquid fuels, high asphaltene fuels, fuels derived from coal, genetically engineered biofuels and crops and extracts therefrom, natural gas, propane, butane, unleaded aviation gasoline, and so-called reformulated gasolines which typically contain both hydrocarbons of the gasoline boiling range and fuel-soluble oxygenated blending agents. 
     
     
         26 . The composition of  claim 1 , further comprising optional additives chosen from dispersants, detergents, pour point depressants, anti-swell agents, friction modifiers, antioxidants, corrosion inhibitor, rust inhibitor, foam inhibitor, anti-wear agent, demulsifier, and viscosity index improver. 
     
     
         27 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the nanoalloy comprises an amorphous state.