Multi-coated electrode and method of making

Abstract

Various embodiments provide an electrode comprising a conductive substrate, a first layer of a mixture comprising iridium oxide in a crystalline phase and tantalum oxide in an amorphous phase on a portion of an outer surface of the conductive substrate, and a second layer of the mixture comprising iridium oxide in an amorphous phase and tantalum oxide in an amorphous phase on an outer surface of the first layer.

1 . An electrode for an electrolytic cell comprising:
 a conductive substrate having a surface; and   a conductive rod coupled to the conductive substrate,   wherein the surface is coated with an crystalline coating comprising iridium and tantalum,   wherein the crystalline coating is coated with an amorphous coating comprising iridium and tantalum.   
     
     
         2 . The electrode according to  claim 1 , wherein the conductive rod is coupled to a hanger bar. 
     
     
         3 . The electrode according to  claim 1 , wherein the amorphous coating comprises iridium oxide in a substantially amorphous phase. 
     
     
         4 . The electrode according to  claim 1 , wherein iridium to tantalum molar ratio of the amorphous coating is in mole ratio from about 70:30 to about 90:10. 
     
     
         5 . The electrode according to  claim 1 , wherein iridium to tantalum molar ratio of the amorphous coating is in mole ratio of about 80:20. 
     
     
         6 . The electrode according to  claim 4 , wherein iridium to tantalum molar ratio of the crystalline coating is in mole ratio from about 70:30 to about 90:10. 
     
     
         7 . The electrode according to  claim 5 , wherein iridium to tantalum molar ratio of the crystalline coating is in mole ratio of about 80:20. 
     
     
         8 . An electrode for an electrolytic cell comprising:
 a conductive rod coupled to a conductive substrate,   the conductive substrate made by a method comprising:
 combining an iridium solution and a tantalum solution to produce a precursor solution; 
 coating a surface of the conductive substrate with the precursor solution; 
 heating the precursor solution above glass transition temperature of iridium oxide to produce a crystalline iridium oxide containing layer; 
 coating the crystalline iridium oxide containing layer with the precursor solution; and 
 heating the precursor solution below the glass transition temperature of the iridium oxide to produce an amorphous iridium oxide containing layer. 
   
     
     
         9 . The electrode according to  claim 8 , further comprising a hanger bar coupled to the conductive rod. 
     
     
         10 . The electrode according to  claim 8 , wherein the method further comprises repeating the coating and the heating the precursor solution a plurality of times to produce the crystalline iridium oxide containing layer. 
     
     
         11 . The electrode according to  claim 8 , wherein the method further comprises repeating the coating and the heating the precursor solution a plurality of times to produce the amorphous iridium oxide containing layer. 
     
     
         12 . The electrode according to  claim 8 , wherein below the glass transition temperature is a temperature from about 360° C. to about 430° C. 
     
     
         13 . The electrode according to  claim 8 , wherein iridium to tantalum molar ratio of the precursor solution is in mole ratio from about 70:30 to about 90:10. 
     
     
         14 . The electrode according to  claim 8 , wherein iridium to tantalum molar ratio of the precursor solution is in mole ratio from about 80:20. 
     
     
         15 . An electrolyte circuit comprising:
 a container holding an electrolyte solution;   a cathode in contact with said electrolyte solution;   an anode comprising a conductive rod coupled to a conductive substrate, the conductive substrate comprising a first conductive layer comprising a compound in a crystalline phase and a second conductive layer over at least a portion of said first conductive layer, said second conductive layer comprising said compound in an amorphous phase; and   a power source coupled to said cathode and said anode.   
     
     
         16 . The electrolyte circuit according to  claim 15 , further comprising a hanger bar coupled to the anode. 
     
     
         17 . The electrolyte circuit according to  claim 15 , wherein the conductive rod comprises copper. 
     
     
         18 . The electrolyte circuit according to  claim 15 , wherein the first conductive layer comprises iridium and tantalum. 
     
     
         19 . The electrolyte circuit according to  claim 18 , wherein the second conductive layer comprises iridium and tantalum. 
     
     
         20 . The electrolyte circuit according to  claim 18 , wherein iridium to tantalum molar ratio of first conductive layer is in mole ratio from about 70:30 to about 90:10.