Aviation Fuel Containing a Proportion of Organic Compunds from Biomass

Abstract

The invention relates to an aviation fuel containing between 1 and 100 wt.-% of a fraction of a compound obtained by means of chemical transformation from renewable, natural optionally-hydroxylated monounsaturated fatty acids having a chain length at least equal to 14 carbon atoms, selected from among nitriles and medium fatty acid esters containing between 7 and 12 carbon atoms per molecule and between 0 and 99 wt.-% of a kerosene originating from petrol that meets global aviation fuel specifications.

1 . An aviation fuel comprising from 1 to 100% by weight of a fraction of a compound, obtained by chemical conversion starting from natural and renewable, optionally hydroxylated, monounsaturated fatty acids with a chain length at least equal to 14 carbon atoms, chosen from nitriles and esters of medium fatty acids comprising from 7 to 12 carbon atoms per molecule, and from 0 to 99% by weight of a kerosene resulting from oil meeting the world specifications for aviation fuels. 
     
     
         2 . The aviation fuel as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the fraction of the compound will represent from 20 to 99% by weight and the kerosene meeting the world specifications for aviation fuels will represent from 1 to 80% by weight. 
     
     
         3 . The fuel as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the fraction of the compound will be composed of a mixture of at least one of the nitrile and/or ester compounds and of at least one olefin and/or alkane comprising from 6 to 13 carbon atoms per molecule, of natural origin, resulting from chemical conversions analogous to that applied to said natural and renewable, optionally hydroxylated, monounsaturated fatty acids. 
     
     
         4 . The aviation fuel as claimed in  claim 3 , wherein the portion of the olefin and/or alkane in the mixture constituting the fraction of the compound will represent from 10 to 50% by weight of said mixture. 
     
     
         5 . The fuel as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the esters of medium fatty acids comprise an odd number of carbon atoms. 
     
     
         6 . The fuel as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the esters of medium fatty acids comprising 10 and 12 carbon atoms are ω-unsaturated. 
     
     
         7 . The fuel as claimed  claim 1 , wherein the fatty nitrile comprising 12 carbon atoms is ω-unsaturated. 
     
     
         8 . The fuel as claimed in  claim 5 , wherein the chosen ester is the methyl ester of 10-undecylenic or undecanoic acid. 
     
     
         9 . The fuel as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the chosen nitrile is the nitrile of decanoic acid or 9-decenoic acid. 
     
     
         10 . The fuel as claimed in  claim 5 , wherein the chosen ester is methyl nonanoate. 
     
     
         11 . The fuel as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the chosen nitrile is undecanenitrile or 10-undecenenitrile.