Method for placing a pile or anchoring pile into ground

Abstract

Method for placing a concrete-structure load-bearing pile or anchoring pile into the ground, in which method by means of hits generating device ( 3 ) a pile hole forming equipment, like with an end piece ( 5 ) equipped tube ( 1, 17 ) is forced into the ground to an intended depth (S) to a place meant for the intended pile, after forcing concrete mass is lead into said tube ( 1, 17 ) and simultaneously the tube ( 1, 17 ) is drawn out of the hole by means of the hammering device ( 3 ) wherein concrete mass fill the space meant for the final pile and the end piece ( 5 ) remaining as a pile top. It is generated to the pile load bearing ability or anchoring pulling strength increasing shapes ( 8 ) in the pile front end or after desired distances by means of stopping or making slower the drawing up of the tube ( 1, 17 ) immediately in the beginning of the draw-up portion and allowing the concrete mass to form a widening portion ( 8 ) in the pile front portion either for increasing the pressure of the concrete mass or for producing vibration by means of hammering device ( 3 ) to the tube 1, 17 ) and concrete mass or by using both above mentioned together.

1 . Method for placing a concrete-structure load-bearing pile or anchoring pile into the ground, in which method by means of hits generating device ( 3 ) a pile hole forming equipment, like with an end piece ( 5 ) equipped tube ( 1 );( 17 ) is forced into the ground to an intended depth (S) to a place meant for the intended pile, after forcing concrete mass is lead into said tube ( 1 );( 17 ) and simultaneously the tube ( 1 );( 17 ) is drawn out of the hole by means of the hammering device ( 3 ) wherein concrete mass fill the space meant for the final pile and the end piece ( 5 ) remaining as a pile top, and that it is generated to the pile load bearing ability or anchoring pulling strength increasing shapes ( 8 ) in the pile front end or after desired distances by means of stopping or making slower the drawing up of the tube ( 1 );( 17 ) immediately in the beginning of the draw-up portion and allowing the concrete mass to form a widening portion ( 8 ) in the pile front portion either for increasing the pressure of the concrete mass or for producing vibration by means of hammering device ( 3 ) to the tube ( 1 );( 7 ) and concrete mass or by using both above mentioned together, characterized in that as a hammering device ( 3 ) by means of side grip to a tube ( 1 );( 17 ) gripping equipment is used, by which equipment the tube ( 1 );( 17 ) is forced into the ground to different angles, if needed, and the hammering direction of which equipment is changed to opposite direction during the pulling up action of the tube ( 1 );( 17 ) and said widening portion ( 8 ) is formed in the pile at the point in the ground, which has been observed to be softer of its type than other observed point at the pile length downwards (S). 
     
     
         2 . Method according to  claim 1  characterized in that in connection with tube ( 1 );( 17 ) forcing the quality data of the ground is observed and stored as a function of the depth value (S), for example by observing the advancing speed (V) of the tube ( 1 );( 17 ) when the hammering device ( 3 ) works with constant power. 
     
     
         3 . Method according to  claim 1  characterized in that the forcing depth (S) for the pile is determined when the tube ( 1 );( 17 ) advance in forcing decreases to a certain advancing value for example to reference speed (Vref) mm/s when hammered with a certain hammering energy of the device ( 3 ). 
     
     
         4 . Method according to  claim 1  characterized in that in connection with the forcing of the tube ( 1 ) inside it and covering at least part of the pile length (S) another tube ( 16 ) is mounted inside which concrete is cast and which tube ( 16 ) is left in the hole with the end piece ( 5 ) as a shell for the concrete pile when the tube ( 1 ) is pulled out. 
     
     
         5 . Method according to  claim 1  characterized in that before the casting of the concrete mass into the tube ( 1 );( 17 ) the needed reinforcements, like concrete steels ( 11 );( 15 ),( 18 ) or pulling ropes ( 15 ) are mounted inside the tube ( 1 );( 17 ). 
     
     
         6 . Method according to  claim 1  characterized in that a column which extends the minimum cross-section area and has no concrete reinforcements is manufactured by the method. 
     
     
         7 . Method according to  claim 1  characterized in that the casting of the concrete mass is stopped at the mould ( 4 ) locating at the point of the pile on the ground surface and by means of said mould a pile hat has been formed as an upper surface for the pile. 
     
     
         8 . Method according to  claim 1  characterized in that the upper end of the tube ( 1 ) is open and, if needed, an additional tube ( 1 ) is coupled to it as well as for concrete casting an adapter part ( 10 ) for tube ( 9 ) via which tube concrete mass is pumped into the tube ( 1 ). 
     
     
         9 . Method according to  claim 1  characterized in that the pile hole, especially inclined pile hole is forced by means of a tube, the cross-section area of which tube deviates from ring shape, like by means of an oval tube ( 17 ).