Doping capsules, composite systems containing said capsules and use thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to doping capsules which have a substance which displays a decreasing transparency with increasing temperature within a defined temperature range due to physicochemical interactions with the polymer matrix to be doped. Likewise, the invention relates to composite systems which have a polymer matrix doped with the doping capsules. The capsules according to the invention are used for sun protection or heat reflection.

1 . Doping capsules for polymer matrix comprising at least one substance which has a rotator phase in a temperature range of 10 to 55° C., the capsules displaying a decrease in transparency in the temperature range with increasing temperature. 
     
     
         2 . Doping capsules according to  claim 1 ,
 characterised in that the at least one substance has a rotator phase in the temperature range of 15 to 45° C.   
     
     
         3 . Doping capsules according to  claim 1 , characterised in that a plastic crystalline phase is formed in the temperature range. 
     
     
         4 . Doping capsules according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the at least one substance is present in monodisperse form. 
     
     
         5 . Doping capsules according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the at least one substance is present as separate phase. 
     
     
         6 . Doping capsules according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the at least one substance is selected from the group of saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons. 
     
     
         7 . Doping capsules according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the at least one substance is selected from the group consisting of
 saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons (C 10 -C 30 ), in particular n-tetradecane, n-eicosane, n-nonadecane, n-heptacosane or hexadecane,   saturated or unsaturated fatty alcohols and fatty amines, in particular dodecyl alcohol, decyl alcohol, hexadecyl alcohol, dodecylamine, decylamine or hexadecylamine,   esters of fatty acids and halogenated hydrocarbons, in particular C 14 -C 26  fatty acid esters, C 14 -C 26  hydrocarbons or perfluoroalkanes,   cholesteryl compounds, in particular cholesterol monohydrate, cholesteryl acetate or stigmasterol,   polyolefins, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene or copolymers thereof,   organometals, in particular octamethyl ferrocenes,   and also mixtures hereof.   
     
     
         8 . Doping capsules according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the capsule comprises in addition substances without a rotator phase. 
     
     
         9 . Doping capsules according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the capsules are microcapsules and have a diameter in the range of 1 to 10 μm. 
     
     
         10 . Doping capsules according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the capsules are nanocapsules and have a diameter in the range of 10 nm to 1 μm. 
     
     
         11 . Doping capsules according to  claim 9 , characterised in the capsules consist of a mixture of microcapsules and nanocapsules. 
     
     
         12 . Composite system comprising at least one polymer matrix and also doping capsules according to  claim 1 . 
     
     
         13 . Composite system according to  claim 12 ,
 characterised in that the polymer matrix is selected from the group consisting of thermoplastics, duromers, elastomers, cast resins, lacquers, hydrogels, inorganic polymers and mixtures hereof.   
     
     
         14 . Composite system according to  claim 13 ,
 characterised in that the thermoplastics are selected from the group consisting of polyolefins, polycarbonates, polymethacrylates, polyamides, blends thereof, copolymers and polymer alloys.   
     
     
         15 . Composite system according to  claim 13 ,
 characterised in that the duromers are selected from the group of melamine resins and epoxy resins.   
     
     
         16 . Composite system according to  claim 13 ,
 characterised in that the lacquers are selected from organic silicon compounds.   
     
     
         17 . Composite system according to  claim 13 ,
 characterised in that the elastomers are crosslinked by means of sulphur.   
     
     
         18 . Use of the doping capsules according to  claim 1 , for sun protection and/or heat reflection.