Non-aqueous liquid electrolyte and non-aqueous liquid electrolyte secondary battery using the same

Abstract

A non-aqueous liquid electrolyte to be used for a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte secondary battery containing a anode electrode and a cathode electrode, capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions, and the non-aqueous liquid electrolyte. In the non-aqueous liquid electrode, the anode electrode contains an anode electrode active material having at least one kind of atom selected from the group consisting of Si atom, Sn atom and Pb atom. The non-aqueous liquid electrolyte also contains a carbonate having at least either an unsaturated bond or a halogen atom, and also contains a compound represented by formula (III-1) as defined herein.

1 . A non-aqueous liquid electrolyte to be used for a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte secondary battery comprising a anode electrode and a cathode electrode, capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions, and the non-aqueous liquid electrolyte, the anode electrode containing a anode electrode active material having at least one kind of atom selected from the group consisting of Si atom, Sn atom and Pb atom,
 wherein said non-aqueous liquid electrolyte contains a carbonate having at least either an unsaturated bond or a halogen atom, and also contains a compound represented by formula (III-1)
   A-N═C═O  (III-1)
 
   wherein in formula (III-1), A represents a chained or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group that may be substituted.   
     
     
         2 . The non-aqueous liquid electrolyte as defined in  claim 1 , wherein in said non-aqueous liquid electrolyte, the concentration of said compound represented by formula (III-1) is 0.01 weight % or higher, and 10 weight % or lower. 
     
     
         3 . The non-aqueous liquid electrolyte as defined in  claim 1 , wherein in said non-aqueous liquid electrolyte, the concentration of said carbonate having at least either an unsaturated bond or a halogen atom is 0.01 weight % or higher, and 70 weight % or lower. 
     
     
         4 . The non-aqueous liquid electrolyte as defined in  claim 1 , wherein said carbonate having an unsaturated bond or a halogen atom is one or more carbonate compounds selected from the group consisting of vinylene carbonate, vinylethylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, difluoroethylene carbonate and derivatives of these carbonate compounds. 
     
     
         5 . The non-aqueous liquid electrolyte as defined in  claim 1 , further comprising ethylene carbonate and/or propylene carbonate. 
     
     
         6 . The non-aqueous liquid electrolyte as defined in  claim 1 , further comprising at least one additional carbonate selected from the group consisting of dimethyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl-n-propyl carbonate, ethyl-n-propyl carbonate and di-n-propyl carbonate. 
     
     
         7 . A non-aqueous liquid electrolyte secondary battery comprising an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions, and a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte, the anode electrode containing an anode electrode active material having at least one kind of atom selected from the group consisting of Si atom, Sn atom and Pb atom,
 wherein said non-aqueous liquid electrolyte is the non-aqueous liquid electrolyte defined in  claim 1 .   
     
     
         8 . A non-aqueous liquid electrolyte to be used for a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte secondary battery comprising a anode electrode and a cathode electrode, capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions, and the non-aqueous liquid electrolyte,
 wherein said non-aqueous liquid electrolyte contains, at least, a carbonate having at least either an unsaturated bond or a halogen atom, and a compound represented by formula (III-1) below.
   A-N═C═O  (III-1)
 
   wherein in the above formula (III-1), A represents an element or group other than a hydrogen.   
     
     
         9 . The non-aqueous liquid electrolyte as defined in  claim 8 , wherein in said non-aqueous liquid electrolyte, the concentration of said compound represented by formula (III-1) is 0.01 weight % or higher, and 10 weight % or lower. 
     
     
         10 . The non-aqueous liquid electrolyte as defined in  claim 8 , wherein in said non-aqueous liquid electrolyte, the concentration of said carbonate having at least either an unsaturated bond or a halogen atom is 0.01 weight % or higher, and 70 weight % or lower. 
     
     
         11 . The non-aqueous liquid electrolyte as defined in  claim 8 , wherein said carbonate having an unsaturated bond or a halogen atom is one or more carbonate compounds selected from the group consisting of vinylene carbonate, vinylethylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, difluoroethylene carbonate and derivatives of these carbonate compounds. 
     
     
         12 . The non-aqueous liquid electrolyte as defined in  claim 8 , further comprising ethylene carbonate and/or propylene carbonate. 
     
     
         13 . The non-aqueous liquid electrolyte as defined in  claim 8 , further comprising at least one additional carbonate selected from the group consisting of dimethyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl-n-propyl carbonate, ethyl-n-propyl carbonate and di-n-propyl carbonate. 
     
     
         14 . A non-aqueous liquid electrolyte secondary battery comprising an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions, and a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte, the anode electrode containing an anode electrode active material having at least one kind of atom selected from the group consisting of Si atom, Sn atom and Pb atom,
 wherein said non-aqueous liquid electrolyte is the non-aqueous liquid electrolyte defined in  claim 8 .   
     
     
         15 . The non-aqueous liquid electrolyte as defined in  claim 1 , wherein said compound represented by formula (III-1) is a compound represented by formula (III-2) 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein in formula (III-2),
 X 1  and X 2  represent, independently of each other, an element other than hydrogen, 
 Z represents an arbitrary element or group, 
 m and n represent, independently of each other, an integer greater than or equal to 1, and 
 when m is 2 or greater, each of Z may be the same or different from each other. 
 
     
     
         16 . The non-aqueous liquid electrolyte as defined in  claim 8 , wherein said compound represented by formula (III-1) is a compound represented by formula (III-2) 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein in formula (III-2), 
         X 1  and X 2  represent, independently of each other, an element other than hydrogen, 
         Z represents an arbitrary element or group, 
         m and n represent, independently of each other, an integer greater than or equal to 1, and 
         when m is 2 or greater, each of Z may be the same or different from each other.