Analyte sensing biointerface

Abstract

Disclosed herein is an analyte sensing biointerface that comprises a sensing electrode incorporated within a non-conductive matrix comprising a plurality of passageways extending through the matrix to the sensing electrode. Also disclosed herein are methods of manufacturing a sensing biointerface and methods of detecting an analyte within tissue of a host using an analyte sensing biointerface.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A glucose sensor configured for implantation in a host, comprising:
 a biocompatible matrix comprising a scaffolding having a porosity;   a working electrode comprising an electrically conductive material, wherein an electroactive surface of the working electrode is distributed throughout the biocompatible matrix; and   electronics electrically coupled to the working electrode, wherein, in use, the electronics are configured to detect a current flowing through the working electrode or a voltage of the working electrode, wherein the current or voltage is indicative of a quantity of an analyte within the porosity.   
     
     
         2 . The glucose sensor of  claim 1 , wherein the scaffolding comprises an electrically non-conductive material. 
     
     
         3 . The glucose sensor of  claim 2 , wherein the scaffolding further comprises an electrically conductive material. 
     
     
         4 . The glucose sensor of  claim 1 , wherein the scaffolding is substantially planar. 
     
     
         5 . The glucose sensor of  claim 1 , wherein the biocompatible matrix comprises an enzyme. 
     
     
         6 . The glucose sensor of  claim 5 , wherein the biocompatible matrix further comprises a resistance domain disposed over the enzyme. 
     
     
         7 . The glucose sensor of  claim 5 , wherein the biocompatible matrix further comprises a bioactive agent. 
     
     
         8 . A sensor for measuring glucose in a host, the sensor comprising:
 a biointerface, the biointerface comprising a porous biointerface material, wherein electroactive surfaces are distributed within at least some pores in the biointerface, and wherein the electroactive surfaces have a membrane coating disposed thereon; and   electronics electrically coupled to the sensor, such that, in use, the electronics are configured to detect a current or a voltage indicative of a quantity of glucose within the pores.   
     
     
         9 . The sensor of  claim 8 , wherein the biointerface comprises an electrically non-conductive material. 
     
     
         10 . The sensor of  claim 9 , wherein the biointerface further comprises an electrically conductive material. 
     
     
         11 . The sensor of  claim 8 , wherein the biointerface is substantially planar. 
     
     
         12 . The sensor of  claim 8 , wherein the biointerface comprises an enzyme. 
     
     
         13 . The sensor of  claim 12 , wherein the biointerface further comprises a resistance domain disposed over the enzyme. 
     
     
         14 . The sensor of  claim 8 , wherein the biointerface further comprises a bioactive agent.