Preparation of a molybdenum imide additive composition and lubricating oil compositions containing same

Abstract

The invention is directed to oil soluble additive compositions, lubricating oil compositions, and additive concentrates. The oil soluble additive composition comprises a salt or complex of (i) a molybdenum component which comprises a molybdenum oxide, sulfide, or oxysulfide of the general formula MoO x S y wherein x≧0, y≧0, and 12≧(x+y)≧2; and (ii) an imide wherein said imide comprises the reaction product of at least one dicarboxylic acid component having from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, and at least one nitrogen compound selected from ammonia and a polyamine.

1 . An oil soluble additive composition comprising a salt or complex of
 (i) a molybdenum component which comprises a molybdenum oxide, sulfide, or oxysulfide of the general formula MoO x S y  wherein x≧0, y≧0, and 12≧(x+y)≧2; and   (ii) an imide wherein said imide comprises the reaction product of at least one dicarboxylic acid component having from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, and at least one nitrogen compound selected from ammonia and a polyamine.   
     
     
         2 . The oil soluble additive composition of  claim 1 , wherein the molybdenum component is a molybdenum sulfide. 
     
     
         3 . The oil soluble additive composition of  claim 1 , wherein the imide contains at least one basic nitrogen. 
     
     
         4 . The oil soluble additive composition of  claim 1 , wherein the imide is a phthalamide. 
     
     
         5 . The oil soluble additive composition of  claim 1 , wherein the imide is a hydrocarbyl succinimide. 
     
     
         6 . The oil soluble additive composition of  claim 5  wherein the hydrocarbyl succinimide is prepared from a hydrocarbyl succinic anhydride and wherein the hydrocarbyl group contains from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms. 
     
     
         7 . The oil soluble additive composition of  claim 1 , wherein the dicarboxylic acid component is a dicarboxylic acid, dicarboxylic acid salt, dicarboxylic acid anhydride, dicarboxylic acid ester, or mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         8 . The oil soluble additive composition of  claim 1 , wherein the dicarboxylic acid component is a hydrocarbyl dicarboxylic acid wherein the hydrocarbyl group contains from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms. 
     
     
         9 . The oil soluble additive composition of  claim 1 , wherein the charge mole ratio of the dicarboxylic acid component to the nitrogen compound is about 6:1 to 1:1. 
     
     
         10 . The oil soluble additive composition of  claim 1 , wherein the polyamine is a polyalkylenepolyamine of the general formula
   H 2 N(—R—NH) n —H
   and wherein R is an alkylene group of 2-3 carbon atoms and n is an integer of from 1 to 11.   
     
     
         11 . The oil soluble composition of  claim 1 , wherein the polyamine is tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), diethylenetriamine (DETA), ethylenediamine (EDA), or mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         12 . The oil soluble additive composition of  claim 1 , wherein the molybdenum component is sulfurized. 
     
     
         13 . The oil soluble additive composition of  claim 1 , wherein the mole ratio of molybdenum to sulfur in the oil soluble additive composition is about 1:0 to 1:8. 
     
     
         14 . A lubricating oil composition comprising:
 (1) an oil of lubricating viscosity and   (2) an oil soluble additive composition comprising a salt or complex of:
 (i) a molybdenum component which comprises a molybdenum oxide, sulfide, or oxysulfide of the general formula MoO x S y  wherein x≧0, y≧0, and 12≧(x+y)≧2; and 
 (ii) an imide wherein said imide comprises the reaction product of at least one dicarboxylic acid component, having from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, and at least one nitrogen compound selected from ammonia and a polyamine. 
   
     
     
         15 . The lubricating oil composition of  claim 14 , wherein the molybdenum content of the lubricating oil composition is between about 50 ppm and 5000 ppm. 
     
     
         16 . The lubricating oil composition of  claim 14 , wherein the oil soluble additive composition content is between 0.05 to 15% by weight. 
     
     
         17 . A process for preparing an oil soluble additive composition which comprises reacting:
 (i) a molybdenum component which is, or is capable of forming, a molybdenum oxide, sulfide, or oxysulfide of the general formula MoO x S y  wherein x≧0, y≧0, and 12≧(x+y)≧2;   (ii) an imide which comprises the reaction product of a at least one dicarboxylic acid component having from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, and at least one nitrogen compound selected from ammonia and a polyamine component.   
     
     
         18 . The process of  claim 17 , wherein the product obtained from the reaction of step (i) and step (ii) is sulfurized in an amount sufficient to provide 0.01 to 12 atoms of sulfur per atom of molybdenum. 
     
     
         19 . The process of  claim 17 , wherein the reaction of the molybdenum component and the imide is in the presence of a polar promoter. 
     
     
         20 . The process of  claim 19 , wherein the polar promoter is selected from the group consisting of 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, diethylene glycol, butyl cellosolve, propylene glycol, 1,4-butyleneglycol, methyl carbitol, ethanolamine, ammonium hydroxide, alkyl ammonium hydroxide, metal hydroxide, N-methyl-diethanol-amine, dimethyl formamide, N-methyl acetamide, dimethyl acetamide, methanol, ethylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide, hexamethyl phosphoramide, tetrahydrofuran, water, inorganic acid, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         21 . The process of  claim 20 , wherein the polar promoter is water. 
     
     
         22 . The process of  claim 18 , wherein the sulfurization is carried out with a sulfur source selected from sulfur, hydrogen sulfide, phosphorus pentasulfide, R 2 S x  where R is hydrocarbyl, and x is at least 2, inorganic sulfides or inorganic polysulfides, thioacetamide, thiourea, mercaptans of the formula RSH where R is hydrocarbyl, or a sulfur-containing antioxidant. 
     
     
         23 . The process of  claim 17 , wherein the molybdenum component is selected from the group consisting of molybdic acid, ammonium molybdate, sodium molybdate, potassium molybdate, metal molybdates, MoOC 14 , MoO 2 Br 2 , Mo 2 O 3 C 16 , molybdenum trioxide, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         24 . The process of  claim 17 , wherein the molybdenum component is molybdenum trioxide. 
     
     
         25 . The process of  claim 17 , wherein the dicarboxylic acid component comprises at least one hydrocarbyl succinic acid or anhydride. 
     
     
         26 . The process of  claim 17 , wherein the polyamine component comprises a polyalkylenepolyamine represented by the general formula
   H 2 N(—R—NH) n —H
   and wherein R is an alkylene group of 2-3 carbon atoms and n is an integer of from 1 to 11.   
     
     
         27 . The process of  claim 17 , wherein the polyamine component is tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), diethylenetriamine (DETA), ethylenediamine (EDA), or mixtures thereof.