Surface coating layer and heat exchanger including the surface coating layer

Abstract

A surface coating layer, in contact with a surface of a base material of a heat exchanger, comprises a plurality of composite layers comprising a first layer contacting a surface of the base material, the first layer comprising a first matrix and a first nanobody, and a second layer contacting a surface of the first layer and having an interface with the air, where the first layer and the second layer each include a different amount by volume of the first nanobody and the second nanobody, respectively.

1 . A surface coating layer for a heat exchanger formed of a base material, the surface coating layer comprising:
 a plurality of composite layers comprising;
 a first layer contacting a surface of the base material, the first layer comprising:
 a first composite, comprising:
 a first matrix, and 
 a first nanobody; and 
 
 
 a second layer contacting a surface of the first layer and having an air interface, the second layer comprising:
 a second composite, comprising:
 a second matrix, and 
 a second nanobody; 
 
 
   wherein the first layer and the second layer each comprise a different amount by volume of the first nanobody and the second nanobody, respectively.   
     
     
         2 . The surface coating layer of  claim 1 , wherein the first layer comprises the first nanobody in an amount of about 30 to about 45 volume %, based on the total volume of the first composite, and
 the second layer comprises the second nanobody in an amount of about 12 to about 25 volume %, based on the total volume of the second composite.   
     
     
         3 . The surface coating layer of  claim 2 , wherein the first layer comprises the first nanobody in an amount of about 40 volume %, based on the total volume of the first composite, and
 the second layer comprises the second nanobody in an amount of about 20 volume %, based on the total volume of the second composite.   
     
     
         4 . The surface coating layer of  claim 1 , wherein the composite layer further comprises:
 a third layer positioned between surfaces of the first layer and the second layer, the third layer comprising;   a third composite, comprising
 a third matrix, and 
 a third nanobody, 
   the third layer having a third nanobody content by volume which gradually decreases from an interface with the first layer to an interface with the second layer along a thickness dimension of the third layer.   
     
     
         5 . The surface coating layer of  claim 1 , wherein the first layer is a heat transfer layer for heat exchange from the base material to the air interface of the second layer, and
 the second layer is a water-repellent layer for suppressing adherence of moisture included in the air.   
     
     
         6 . The surface coating layer of  claim 1 , wherein the first layer has higher thermal conductivity than the second layer. 
     
     
         7 . The surface coating layer of  claim 1 , wherein the first layer has a thermal conductivity of about 1 W/m·K or more. 
     
     
         8 . The surface coating layer of  claim 1 , wherein the second layer has a contact angle of about 145° or more and a sliding angle of about 8° or less. 
     
     
         9 . The surface coating layer of  claim 1 , wherein the second layer has a thickness of about 100 nm to about 1 μm. 
     
     
         10 . The surface coating layer of  claim 1 , wherein the first nanobody and second nanobody each comprise nanotubes, nanofibers, nanowire, nanoparticles, nanospheres, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing. 
     
     
         11 . The surface coating layer of  claim 1 , wherein the first matrix and second matrix each comprise a silicon-based polymer, a fluorine-based polymer, a fluorine-substituted silicon polymer, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing. 
     
     
         12 . The surface coating layer of  claim 1 , wherein the first layer and the second layer each have a plurality of pores. 
     
     
         13 . The surface coating layer of  claim 1 , wherein a surface of the second layer at the air interface has a protrusion structure formed by the second nanobody. 
     
     
         14 . A heat exchanger, comprising:
 a base material; and   a surface coating layer, comprising:
 a plurality of composite layers, formed on a surface of the base material, the plurality of composite layers comprising:
 a first layer contacting the surface of the base material, the first layer comprising:
 a first composite, comprising: 
  a first matrix, and 
  a first nanobody; and 
 
 a second layer contacting a surface of the first layer and having an air interface, the second layer comprising:
 a second composite, comprising: 
  a second matrix, and 
  a second nanobody; 
 
 
   wherein the first layer and the second layer each comprise a different amount by volume of the first nanobody and the second nanobody, respectively.   
     
     
         15 . The heat exchanger of  claim 14 , wherein the first layer comprises the first nanobody in an amount of about 30 to about 45 volume % based on the total volume of the first composite, and
 the second layer comprises the second nanobody in an amount of about 12 to about 25 volume % based on the total volume of the second composite.   
     
     
         16 . The heat exchanger of  claim 15 , wherein the composite layer further comprises:
 a third layer positioned between surfaces of the first layer and the second layer, the third layer comprising:
 a third composite, comprising:
 a third matrix, and 
 a third nanobody, 
 
   the third layer having a third nanobody content by volume which gradually decreases from an interface with the first layer to an interface with the second layer along a thickness dimension of the third layer.   
     
     
         17 . The heat exchanger of  claim 15 , wherein the first layer has thermal conductivity of about 1 W/m·K or more, and
 the second layer has a contact angle of about 145° or more and a sliding angle of about 8° or less. 
 
     
     
         18 . The heat exchanger of  claim 15 , wherein the surface coating layer has a thickness of about 0.5 μm to about 100 μm, and the second layer has a thickness of about 100 nm to about 1 μm. 
     
     
         19 . The heat exchanger of  claim 14 , wherein the first nanobody and the second nanobody each comprise a nanotube, nanofiber, nanowire, nanoparticle, nanosphere, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing, and
 the first matrix and the second matrix each comprise a silicon-based polymer, a fluorine-based polymer, a fluorine-substituted silicon polymer, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.   
     
     
         20 . A heat exchanger, comprising:
 a base material, and   a surface coating layer, comprising:
 a plurality of composite layers formed on a surface of the base material, the plurality of composite layers comprising:
 a first layer contacting the surface of the base material, and having thermal conductivity of about 1 W/m·K or more, the first layer comprising:
 a first composite, comprising: 
  a first matrix, and 
  a first nanobody; and 
 
 a second layer contacting a surface of the first layer and having an air interface, a contact angle of about 145° or more, and a sliding angle of about 8° or less, the second layer comprising:
 a second composite, comprising: 
  a second matrix, and 
  a second nanobody.