Methods for manipulating liquid substances in multi-chambered receptacles

Abstract

A receptacle having a plurality of interconnected chambers arranged to permit multiple process steps or processes to be performed independently or simultaneously. The receptacles are manufactured to separate liquid from dried reagents and to maintain the stability of the dried reagents. An immiscible liquid, such as an oil, is included to control loading of process materials, facilitate mixing and reconstitution of dried reagents, limit evaporation, control heating of reaction materials, concentrate solid support materials to prevent clogging of fluid connections, provide minimum volumes for fluid transfers, and to prevent process materials from sticking to chamber surfaces. The receptacles can be adapted for use in systems having a processing instrument that includes an actuator system for selectively moving fluid substances between chambers and a detector. The actuator system can be arranged to concentrate an analyte present in a sample. The detector can be used to detect an optical signal emitted by the contents of the receptacle.

1 . A method of establishing fluid communication between chambers of a receptacle, the method comprising the steps of:
 (a) in a first chamber of the receptacle, forming a volume comprising a liquid substance and an immiscible liquid; and   (b) applying a substance-moving force to the volume of the first chamber sufficient to alter an openable connection between the first chamber and a second chamber of the receptacle from a closed state to an open state, wherein the volume in the first chamber would be insufficient for the substance-moving force to alter the openable connection from the closed state to the open state absent the immiscible liquid.   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising the step of closing the first chamber between steps (a) and (b). 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising the step of moving at least a portion of the volume from the first chamber to the second chamber through the opened connection. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 3 , further comprising, after the moving step, the step of altering the connection from the open state to a closed state. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 4 , wherein one or more compressive forces are applied to the connection to form the closed state. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the liquid substance is a reagent for performing an assay in the receptacle. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the immiscible liquid is not reactive with any component of the assay. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the immiscible liquid is an oil. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein the oil is a mineral oil. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the immiscible liquid to the remainder of the volume in the first chamber is up to about 10:1. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the substance-moving force is applied to a flexible portion of the first chamber during step (b). 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein the flexible portion of the first chamber expands during step (a). 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the receptacle comprises opposed members configured to define the first and second chambers and the openable connection, and wherein the first chamber comprises a flexible portion that is at least partially compressed by one or more compressive forces applied to the flexible portion during step (b). 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein at least one of the opposed members comprises a flexible sheet, such that the flexible sheet comprises the flexible portion. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein the first chamber comprises opposed flexible portions, at least one of the flexible portions being compressed by one or more compressive forces applied to the flexible portion during step (b). 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein each of the opposed members comprises a flexible sheet, the flexible sheets comprising the opposed flexible portions. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein the first and second chambers and the openable connection of the receptacle are defined by seals formed between the opposed members, and wherein the flexible portion of the first chamber expands during step (a). 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein the first and second chambers are adjacent to each other, and wherein the openable connection is an opening blocked by a burstable seal that is altered from the closed state to the open state when the substance-moving force is applied to the flexible portion of the first chamber during step (b). 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 18 , wherein the burstable seal is a heat seal. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 19 , wherein the substance-moving force is applied by one or more actuators having compression pads that are arranged to generally conform to the shape of the first chamber. 
     
     
         21 . The method of  claim 20 , wherein the actuators are pneumatic actuators. 
     
     
         22 . A method of altering the temperature of a liquid substance contained in a chamber of a receptacle, the method comprising the steps of:
 (a) forming a volume in a first chamber of a receptacle so that a flexible portion of a first chamber wall expands to contact a stationary thermal element positioned adjacent to the first chamber, wherein the volume comprises a liquid substance and a corresponding immiscible liquid, and wherein the immiscible liquid causes the flexible portion of the first chamber wall to expand to contact the thermal element to a greater extent than if the immiscible liquid was absent from the first chamber; and   (b) altering the temperature of the liquid substance in the first chamber by transmitting thermal energy between the thermal element and the volume.   
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 22 , further comprising the step of closing the first chamber between steps (a) and (b), the first chamber remaining closed until a predetermined temperature of the volume is reached during step (b). 
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 22 , wherein the liquid substance comprises a reagent for performing an assay in the receptacle. 
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 24 , wherein the immiscible liquid is not reactive with any component of the assay. 
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 22 , wherein the immiscible liquid is an oil. 
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 26 , wherein the oil is a mineral oil. 
     
     
         28 . The method of  claim 22 , wherein the ratio of the immiscible liquid to the remainder of the volume in the chamber is up to about 10:1. 
     
     
         29 . The method of  claim 22 , wherein the receptacle comprises opposed members configured to define the first and second chambers. 
     
     
         30 . The method of  claim 29 , wherein at least one of the opposed members comprises a flexible sheet, such that the flexible sheet comprises the first chamber wall. 
     
     
         31 . The method of  claim 29 , wherein the receptacle comprises a second chamber wall, the first and second chamber walls having opposed flexible portions. 
     
     
         32 . The method of  claim 31 , wherein each of the opposed members comprises a flexible sheet, the flexible sheets comprising the first and second chamber walls. 
     
     
         33 . The method of  claim 31 , wherein the first chamber is defined by seals formed between the opposed members. 
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 31 , further comprising, after step (b), the step of moving at least a portion of the volume from the first chamber to a second chamber of the receptacle. 
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 34 , wherein one or more compressive forces are applied to the flexible portion of the second chamber wall to move the portion of the volume to the second chamber. 
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 35 , wherein the compressive forces comprise one or more actuators having compression pads arranged to generally conform to the shape of the flexible portion of the second chamber wall. 
     
     
         37 . The method of  claim 36 , wherein the actuators are pneumatic actuators. 
     
     
         38 . The method of  claim 34 , wherein the portion of the volume is moved from the first chamber to the second chamber through an openable connection. 
     
     
         39 . The method of  claim 38 , wherein the openable connection is altered from a closed state to an open state prior to moving the portion of the volume into the second chamber. 
     
     
         40 . The method of  claim 39 , wherein the first and second chambers are adjacent to each other, and wherein the openable connection is an opening blocked by a burstable seal that is altered from the closed state to the open state when the substance-moving force is applied to the flexible portion of the first chamber. 
     
     
         41 . The method of  claim 40 , wherein the burstable seal is a heat seal. 
     
     
         42 . The method of  claim 34 , wherein the thermal element and the compression pads cooperate to adjust the temperature of the volume during step (b). 
     
     
         43 . The method of  claim 22 , wherein the thermal element comprises a heat transfer element formed from a thermally conductive material. 
     
     
         44 . The method of  claim 43 , wherein the thermally conductive material is formed from aluminum. 
     
     
         45 . The method of  claim 43 , wherein the thermal element further comprises a thermoelectric device in thermal contact with the heat transfer element. 
     
     
         46 . The method of  claim 45 , wherein the thermoelectric device is a Peltier device. 
     
     
         47 . The method of  claim 22 , wherein the temperature of the volume is elevated during step (b).