US2012225846A1PendingUtilityA1

Heterocyclic compounds for the inhibition of pask

54
Assignee: MCCALL JOHN MPriority: Mar 2, 2011Filed: Mar 2, 2012Published: Sep 6, 2012
Est. expiryMar 2, 2031(~4.6 yrs left)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
A61P 5/48A61P 35/00A61P 3/10A61P 3/06A61P 3/04A61P 3/00C07D 405/14C07D 487/04A61K 31/404C07D 241/12C07F 9/5728C07D 413/04C07F 5/025A61P 1/16C12N 9/1205C07D 209/10C07D 209/18C07F 9/65068C07D 471/04C07F 9/650952C07D 213/74
54
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Claims

Abstract

Disclosed herein are new heterocyclic compounds and compositions and their application as pharmaceuticals for the treatment of disease. Methods of inhibiting PAS Kinase (PASK) activity in a human or animal subject are also provided for the treatment of diseases such as diabetes mellitus.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
1 . A compound of structural Formula I: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, or prodrug thereof, wherein: 
         X 1  and X 2  are each independently chosen from CH, N, and a bond; 
         X 3  is chosen from C and N; 
         X 4  is chosen from CR 3 , a bond and null; 
         X 5  is chosen from CH, N, O, S, and null; 
         X 6  is chosen from CH, N, NH, O, and S; 
         X 7  is chosen from C and N; 
         R 1  and R 2  are each independently chosen from alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, OR 5 , SR 5 , and NR 5 R 6 , any of which may be optionally substituted, with the proviso that at least one of R 1  or R 2  is NR 5 R 6 , OR 5 , or SR 5 ; 
         R 3  is chosen from hydrogen, halogen, trifluoromethyl, hydroxyl, C 1 -C 5  alkyl, and C 1 -C 5  alkoxy, any of which may be optionally substituted; 
         R 4  is chosen from COOR 7 , NO 2 , CONR 8 R 9 , CONR 10 OR 11 , PO 3 H, SO 2 NHR 5 , CONHSO 2 R 5 , SO 2 NH 2 , CF3, SO 3 H, SO 2 NHCOR 5 , B(OH) 2  and tetrazolyl; 
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkenyl, C 1 -C 6  alkynyl, C 1 -C 7  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 7  heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted; or taken together, R 5  and R 6  may form a heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl, either of which may be optionally substituted; and 
         R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , and R 11  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted. 
       
     
     
         2 . The compound as recited in  claim 1  wherein
 X 1  is a bond; 
 X 2  is CH; 
 X 3  is C; and 
 X 7  is N. 
 
     
     
         3 . The compound as recited in  claim 2  wherein
 X 5  and X 6  are both CH; and 
 X 4  is CR 3 . 
 
     
     
         4 . The compound as recited in  claim 3  wherein said compound has structural formula II: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or a salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein: 
         R 1  and R 2  are each independently chosen from alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, OR 5 , SR 5 , and NR 5 R 6 , any of which may be optionally substituted; 
         R 3  is chosen from hydrogen, halogen, trifluoromethyl, hydroxyl, C 1 -C 5  alkyl, and C 1 -C 5  alkoxy, any of which may be optionally substituted; 
         R 4  is chosen from COOR 7 , NO 2 , CONR 8 R 9 , CONR 10 OR 11 , PO 3 H, SO 2 NHR 5 , CONHSO 2 R 5 , SO 2 NH 2 , CF3, SO 3 H, SO 2 NHCOR 5 , B(OH) 2  and tetrazolyl; 
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkenyl, C 1 -C 6  alkynyl, C 1 -C 7  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 7  heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted; or taken together, R 5  and R 6  may form a heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl, either of which may be optionally substituted; and 
         R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , and R 11  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted. 
       
     
     
         5 . The compound as recited in  claim 1  wherein
 X 1  is a bond; 
 X 2  is N; 
 X 3  is C; and 
 X 7  is N. 
 
     
     
         6 . The compound as recited in  claim 5  wherein
 X 5  and X 6  are both CH; and 
 X 4  is CR 3 . 
 
     
     
         7 . The compound as recited in  claim 6  wherein said compound has structural formula III: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or a salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein: 
         R 1  and R 2  are each independently chosen from alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, OR 5 , SR 5 , and NR 5 R 6 , any of which may be optionally substituted, with the proviso that at least one of R 1  or R 2  is NR 5 R 6 ; 
         R 3  is chosen from hydrogen, halogen, trifluoromethyl, hydroxyl, C 1 -C 5  alkyl, and C 1 -C 5  alkoxy, any of which may be optionally substituted; 
         R 4  is chosen from COOR 7 , NO 2 , CONR 8 R 9 , CONR 10 OR 11 , PO 3 H, SO 2 NHR 5 , CONHSO 2 R 5 , SO 2 NH 2 , CF3, SO 3 H, SO 2 NHCOR 5 , B(OH) 2  and tetrazolyl; 
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkenyl, C 1 -C 6  alkynyl, C 1 -C 7  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 7  heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted; or taken together, R 5  and R 6  may form a heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl, either of which may be optionally substituted; and 
         R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , and R 11  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted. 
       
     
     
         8 . The compound as recited in  claim 1  wherein
 X 3  is C; 
 X 4  and X 5  are null; and 
 X 6  is CH. 
 
     
     
         9 . The compound as recited in  claim 8  wherein said compound has structural formula IV: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or a salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein: 
         X 1  is chosen from CH and N; 
         X 2  is chosen from CH and N; 
         R 1  and R 2  are each independently chosen from alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, OR 5 , SR 5 , and NR 5 R 6 , any of which may be optionally substituted; 
         R 4  is chosen from COOR 7 , NO 2 , CONR 8 R 9 , CONR 10 OR 11 , PO 3 H, SO 2 NHR 5 , CONHSO 2 R 5 , SO 2 NH 2 , CF3, SO 3 H, SO 2 NHCOR 5 , B(OH) 2  and tetrazolyl; 
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkenyl, C 1 -C 6  alkynyl, C 1 -C 7  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 7  heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted; or taken together, R 5  and R 6  may form a heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl, either of which may be optionally substituted; and 
         R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , and R 11  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted. 
       
     
     
         10 . The compound as recited in  claim 9  wherein X 1  and X 2  are N. 
     
     
         11 . The compound as recited in  claim 9  wherein
 X 1  is CH; and 
 X 2  is N. 
 
     
     
         12 . The compound as recited in  claim 9  wherein
 X 1  is N; and 
 X 2  is CH. 
 
     
     
         13 . The compound as recited in  claim 1  wherein
 X 1  and X 2  are N; 
 X 3  is C; 
 X 4  is CR 3 ; and 
 X 5  and X 6  are independently chosen from CH and N. 
 
     
     
         14 . The compound as recited in  claim 13  wherein said compound has structural formula V: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         R 1  and R 2  are each independently chosen from alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, OR 5 , SR 5 , and NR 5 R 6 , any of which may be optionally substituted, with the proviso that at least one of R 1  or R 2  is NR 5 R 6 ; 
         R 3  is chosen from hydrogen, halogen, trifluoromethyl, hydroxyl, C 1 -C 5  alkyl, and C 1 -C 5  alkoxy, any of which may be optionally substituted; 
         R 4  is chosen from COOR 7 , NO 2 , CONR 8 R 9 , CONR 10 OR 11 , PO 3 H, SO 2 NHR 5 , CONHSO 2 R 5 , SO 2 NH 2 , CF3, SO 3 H, SO 2 NHCOR 5 , B(OH) 2  and tetrazolyl; 
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkenyl, C 1 -C 6  alkynyl, C 1 -C 7  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 7  heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted; or taken together, R 5  and R 6  may form a heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl, either of which may be optionally substituted; and 
         R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , and R 11  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted. 
       
     
     
         15 . The compound as recited in  claim 13  wherein said compound has structural formula VI: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         R 1  and R 2  are each independently chosen from alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, OR 5 , SR 5 , and NR 5 R 6 , any of which may be optionally substituted, with the proviso that at least one of R 1  or R 2  is NR 5 R 6 ; 
         R 3  is chosen from hydrogen, halogen, trifluoromethyl, hydroxyl, C 1 -C 5  alkyl, and C 1 -C 5  alkoxy, any of which may be optionally substituted; 
         R 4  is chosen from COOR 7 , NO 2 , CONR 8 R 9 , CONR 10 OR 11 , PO 3 H, SO 2 NHR 5 , CONHSO 2 R 5 , SO 2 NH 2 , CF3, SO 3 H, SO 2 NHCOR 5 , B(OH) 2  and tetrazolyl; 
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkenyl, C 1 -C 6  alkynyl, C 1 -C 7  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 7  heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted; or taken together, R 5  and R 6  may form a heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl, either of which may be optionally substituted; and 
         R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , and R 11  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted. 
       
     
     
         16 . The compound as recited in  claim 1  wherein
 X 1  and X 2  are N; 
 X 3  is C; 
 X 4  is a bond; 
 X 5  is chosen from CH and N; and 
 X 6  is chosen from NH, O, and S. 
 
     
     
         17 . The compound as recited in  claim 16  wherein said compound has structural formula VII: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or a salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein: 
         X 5  is chosen from CH and N; 
         X 6  is chosen from NH, O, and S; 
         R 1  and R 2  are each independently chosen from alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, OR 5 , SR 5 , and NR 5 R 6 , any of which may be optionally substituted, with the proviso that at least one of R 1  or R 2  is NR 5 R 6 ; 
         R 4  is chosen from COOR 7 , NO 2 , CONR 8 R 9 , CONR 10 OR 11 , PO 3 H, SO 2 NHR 5 , CONHSO 2 R 5 , SO 2 NH 2 , CF3, SO 3 H, SO 2 NHCOR 5 , B(OH) 2  and tetrazolyl; 
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkenyl, C 1 -C 6  alkynyl, C 1 -C 7  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 7  heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted; or taken together, R 5  and R 6  may form a heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl, either of which may be optionally substituted; and 
         R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , and R 11  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted. 
       
     
     
         18 . The compound as recited in  claim 17  wherein said compound has structural formula VIII 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or a salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein: 
         R 1  and R 2  are each independently chosen from alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, OR 5 , SR 5 , and NR 5 R 6 , any of which may be optionally substituted, with the proviso that at least one of R 1  or R 2  is NR 5 R 6 ; 
         R 4  is chosen from COOR 7 , NO 2 , CONR 8 R 9 , CONR 10 OR 11 , PO 3 H, SO 2 NHR 5 , CONHSO 2 R 5 , SO 2 NH 2 , CF3, SO 3 H, SO 2 NHCOR 5 , B(OH) 2  and tetrazolyl; 
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkenyl, C 1 -C 6  alkynyl, C 1 -C 7  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 7  heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted; or taken together, R 5  and R 6  may form a heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl, either of which may be optionally substituted; and 
         R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , and R 11  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted. 
       
     
     
         19 . The compound as recited in  claim 17  wherein said compound has structural formula IX 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or a salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein: 
         R 1  and R 2  are each independently chosen from alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, OR 5 , SR 5 , and NR 5 R 6 , any of which may be optionally substituted, with the proviso that at least one of R 1  or R 2  is NR 5 R 6 ; 
         R 4  is chosen from COOR 7 , NO 2 , CONR 8 R 9 , CONR 10 OR 11 , PO 3 H, SO 2 NHR 5 , CONHSO 2 R 5 , SO 2 NH 2 , CF3, SO 3 H, SO 2 NHCOR 5 , B(OH) 2  and tetrazolyl; 
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkenyl, C 1 -C 6  alkynyl, C 1 -C 7  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 7  heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted; or taken together, R 5  and R 6  may form a heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl, either of which may be optionally substituted; and 
         R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , and R 11  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted. 
       
     
     
         20 . The compound as recited in  claim 17  wherein said compound has structural formula X 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or a salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein: 
         R 1  and R 2  are each independently chosen from alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, OR 5 , SR 5 , and NR 5 R 6 , any of which may be optionally substituted, with the proviso that at least one of R 1  or R 2  is NR 5 R 6 ; 
         R 4  is chosen from COOR 7 , NO 2 , CONR 8 R 9 , CONR 10 OR 11 , PO 3 H, SO 2 NHR 5 , CONHSO 2 R 5 , SO 2 NH 2 , CF3, SO 3 H, SO 2 NHCOR 5 , B(OH) 2  and tetrazolyl; 
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkenyl, C 1 -C 6  alkynyl, C 1 -C 7  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 7  heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted; or taken together, R 5  and R 6  may form a heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl, either of which may be optionally substituted; and 
         R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , and R 11  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted. 
       
     
     
         21 . The compound as recited in  claim 17  wherein said compound has structural formula XI 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or a salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein: 
         R 1  and R 2  are each independently chosen from alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, OR 5 , SR 5 , and NR 5 R 6 , any of which may be optionally substituted, with the proviso that at least one of R 1  or R 2  is NR 5 R 6 ; 
         R 4  is chosen from COOR 7 , NO 2 , CONR 8 R 9 , CONR 10 OR 11 , PO 3 H, SO 2 NHR 5 , CONHSO 2 R 5 , SO 2 NH 2 , CF3, SO 3 H, SO 2 NHCOR 5 , B(OH) 2  and tetrazolyl; 
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkenyl, C 1 -C 6  alkynyl, C 1 -C 7  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 7  heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted; or taken together, R 5  and R 6  may form a heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl, either of which may be optionally substituted; and 
         R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , and R 11  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted. 
       
     
     
         22 . The compound as recited in  claim 17  wherein said compound has structural formula XII 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or a salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein: 
         R 1  and R 2  are each independently chosen from alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, OR 5 , SR 5 , and NR 5 R 6 , any of which may be optionally substituted, with the proviso that at least one of R 1  or R 2  is NR 5 R 6 ; 
         R 4  is chosen from COOR 7 , NO 2 , CONR 8 R 9 , CONR 10 OR 11 , PO 3 H, SO 2 NHR 5 , CONHSO 2 R 5 , SO 2 NH 2 , CF3, SO 3 H, SO 2 NHCOR 5 , B(OH) 2  and tetrazolyl; 
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkenyl, C 1 -C 6  alkynyl, C 1 -C 7  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 7  heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted; or taken together, R 5  and R 6  may form a heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl, either of which may be optionally substituted; and 
         R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , and R 11  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted. 
       
     
     
         23 . The compound as recited in  claim 17  wherein said compound has structural formula XII 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or a salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein: 
         R 1  and R 2  are each independently chosen from alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, OR 5 , SR 5 , and NR 5 R 6 , any of which may be optionally substituted, with the proviso that at least one of R 1  or R 2  is NR 5 R 6 ; 
         R 4  is chosen from COOR 7 , NO 2 , CONR 8 R 9 , CONR 10 OR 11 , PO 3 H, SO 2 NHR 5 , CONHSO 2 R 5 , SO 2 NH 2 , CF3, SO 3 H, SO 2 NHCOR 5 , B(OH) 2  and tetrazolyl; 
         R 5  and R 6  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, C 1 -C 6  alkenyl, C 1 -C 6  alkynyl, C 1 -C 7  cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 7  heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted; or taken together, R 5  and R 6  may form a heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl, either of which may be optionally substituted; and 
         R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , and R 11  are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6  alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl and heteroaralkyl, any of which may be optionally substituted. 
       
     
     
         24 . A compound as recited in  claim 1  for use as a medicament. 
     
     
         25 . A compound as recited in  claim 1  for use in the manufacture of a medicament for the prevention or treatment of a disease or condition ameliorated by the inhibition of PASK. 
     
     
         26 . A compound as recited in  claim 1  for use in the manufacture of a medicament for the prevention or treatment of a disease or condition ameliorated by the inhibition of PASK. 
     
     
         27 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound as recited in  claim 1 - 23  together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 
     
     
         28 . A method of inhibiting PASK comprising contacting PASK with a compound as recited in  claims 1 - 23 . 
     
     
         29 . A method of treatment of a disease comprising the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as recited in  claims 1 - 23  to a patient in need thereof. 
     
     
         30 . The method as recited in  claim 29  wherein said disease is chosen from cancer and a metabolic disease. 
     
     
         31 . The method as recited in  claim 29  wherein said disease is a metabolic disease. 
     
     
         32 . The method as recited in  claim 31  wherein said metabolic disease is chosen from metabolic syndrome, diabetes, dyslipidemia, fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, obesity, and insulin resistance. 
     
     
         33 . The method of  claim 32  wherein said diabetes is Type II diabetes. 
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 32  wherein said dyslipidemia is hyperlipidemia. 
     
     
         35 . A method for achieving an effect in a patient comprising the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as recited in any of  claims 1 - 23  to a patient, wherein the effect is selected from the group consisting of reduction of triglycerides, reduction of cholesterol, and reduction of hemoglobin A1c. 
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 35  wherein said cholesterol is chosen from LDL and VLDL cholesterol. 
     
     
         37 . The method of  claim 35  wherein said triglycerides are chosen from plasma triglycerides and liver triglycerides. 
     
     
         38 . A method of treatment of a PASK-mediated disease comprising the administration of:
 a. a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as recited in  claim 1 ; and   b. another therapeutic agent.

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