Nonaqueous-electrolyte batteries and nonaqueous electrolytic solutions

Abstract

The invention is to provide a nonaqueous-electrolyte battery which comprises a current collector, a positive electrode containing a lithium-containing phosphoric acid compound represented by LixMPO 4 as a positive-electrode active material, a negative electrode containing a negative-electrode active material capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution containing a chain ether and a cyclic carbonate having an unsaturated bond.

1 . A nonaqueous-electrolyte battery which comprises: a current collector; a positive electrode containing a lithium-containing phosphoric acid compound represented by LixMPO 4  (wherein M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Group-2 to Group-12 metals of the periodic table, and x satisfies 0<x≦1.2) as a positive-electrode active material; a negative electrode containing a negative-electrode active material capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions; and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution,
 wherein the nonaqueous electrolytic solution contains 
 
       (1) a chain ether and 
       (2) a cyclic carbonate having an unsaturated bond. 
     
     
         2 . A nonaqueous-electrolyte battery which comprises: a current collector; a positive electrode containing a lithium-containing phosphoric acid compound represented by LixMPO 4  (wherein M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Group-2 to Group-12 metals of the periodic table, and x satisfies 0<x≦1.2) as a positive-electrode active material; a negative electrode containing a negative-electrode active material capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions; and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution,
 wherein the nonaqueous electrolytic solution contains 
 
       (1) a chain ether and 
       (2) at least one compound selected from lithium fluorophosphates, lithium sulfonates, imide lithium salts, sulfonic acid esters, and sulfurous acid esters. 
     
     
         3 . The nonaqueous-electrolyte battery according to  claim 1  or  2 , wherein the lithium-containing phosphoric acid compound is represented by LixMPO 4  (wherein M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of the Group-4 to Group-11 transition metals in the fourth period of the periodic table, and x satisfies 0<x≦1.2). 
     
     
         4 . The nonaqueous-electrolyte battery according to  claim 1 , wherein the content of the cyclic carbonate having an unsaturated bond is 0.001-5% by mass based on the whole electrolytic solution. 
     
     
         5 . The nonaqueous-electrolyte battery according to  claim 1  or  2 , wherein the nonaqueous electrolytic solution contains ethylene carbonate in an amount of 10% by volume or more. 
     
     
         6 . The nonaqueous-electrolyte battery according to  claim 1  or  2 , wherein the chain ether is represented by R 1 OR 2  (wherein R 1  and R 2  each represent a monovalent organic group which has 1-8 carbon atoms and may have a fluorine atom, and R 1  and R 2  may be the same or different). 
     
     
         7 . The nonaqueous-electrolyte battery according to  claim 1  or  2 , wherein the negative-electrode active material is a carbonaceous material. 
     
     
         8 . The nonaqueous-electrolyte battery according to  claim 1  or  2 , wherein the current collector has an electroconductive layer on the surface thereof, the electroconductive layer being different from the current collector in compound composition. 
     
     
         9 . A nonaqueous electrolytic solution for use in the nonaqueous-electrolyte battery according to  claim 1  or  2 .