Solar Thermal Receiver

Abstract

A boiler for a solar receiver includes a first boiler panel having a plurality of tubes fluidly connecting an inlet header of the first boiler panel to an outlet header of the first boiler panel. The first boiler panel tubes form a first solar receiver surface. A second boiler panel has a plurality of tubes fluidly connecting an inlet header of the second boiler panel to an outlet header of the second boiler panel. The second boiler panel tubes form a second solar receiver surface. The first and second boiler panels are adjacent one another, a portion of the first boiler panel and an end of the first solar receiver surface overlapping an end of the second boiler panel to reduce solar radiation passing between the first and second solar receiver surfaces. A plurality of boiler panels may be arranged in rectangular or cylindrical orientation about a boiler central axis.

1 . A boiler for a solar receiver comprising:
 a) a first boiler panel having a plurality of tubes fluidly connecting an inlet header of the first boiler panel to an outlet header of the first boiler panel, the tubes of the first boiler panel forming a first solar receiver surface and a first internal surface opposite the first solar receiver surface; and   b) a second boiler panel having a plurality of tubes fluidly connecting an inlet header of the second boiler panel to an outlet header of the second boiler panel, the tubes of the second boiler panel forming a second solar receiver surface and a second internal surface opposite the second solar receiver surface, wherein the first and second boiler panels are adjacent one another with a portion of the first boiler panel and an end of the first solar receiver surface overlapping an end of the second boiler panel to reduce solar radiation passing between the first and second solar receiver surfaces.   
     
     
         2 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the first and second boiler panels are adjacent to one another with an end of the first solar receiver surface overlapping an end of the second boiler panel so as to cover at least one of the headers behind the first solar receiver surface. 
     
     
         3 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the first and second boiler panels are adjacent to one another with an end of the first solar receiver surface overlapping an end of the second boiler panel so as to cover one of the headers of each boiler panel behind the first solar receiver surface. 
     
     
         4 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the first and second internal surfaces are covered with an insulation layer. 
     
     
         5 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 1 , wherein a gap is provided between the end of the second boiler panel and the portion of the first boiler panel overlapping the end of the second boiler panel to accommodate relative movement of the first and second boiler panels due to thermal growth. 
     
     
         6 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the tubes of the first and second panels are configured and adapted to be fully drainable by way of at least one header in each panel. 
     
     
         7 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the portion of the first solar receiver panel overlapping the end of the second boiler panel includes a 180° bend in the uppermost end of the plurality of tubes of the first solar receiving panel. 
     
     
         8 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 7 , wherein the end of the first solar receiver surface overlapping an end of the second boiler panel covers a header of the second solar receiver panel. 
     
     
         9 . A boiler for a solar receiver comprising:
 a) a steam generator panel having a plurality of tubes fluidly connecting an inlet header and an outlet header of the steam generator panel, the tubes of the steam generator panel forming a solar receiver surface and opposed internal surface;   b) a superheater panel having a plurality of tubes fluidly connecting an inlet header and an outlet header of the superheater panel, the tubes of the superheater panel forming a solar receiver surface and opposed internal surface, wherein the steam generator and superheater panels are adjacent one another with a portion of the steam generator panel including an end of the solar receiver surface thereof overlapping an end of the superheater panel to reduce solar radiation passing between the solar receiver surfaces of the steam generator and superheater panels; and   c) a reheater panel having a plurality of tubes fluidly connecting an inlet header and an outlet header of the reheater panel, the tubes of the reheater panel forming a solar receiver surface and opposed internal surface, wherein the steam generator and reheater panels are adjacent one another with a portion of the reheater panel including an end of the solar receiver surface thereof overlapping an end of the steam generator panel to reduce solar radiation passing between the solar receiver surfaces of the steam generator and reheater panels.   
     
     
         10 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 9 , wherein the steam generator and superheater panels are adjacent one another with an end of the solar receiver surface of the steam generator panel overlapping an end of the superheater panel so as to cover one header of each of the steam generator and superheater panels behind the solar receiver surface of the steam generator panel, and wherein the steam generator and reheater panels are adjacent one another with an end of the solar receiver surface of the reheater panel overlapping an end of the steam generator panel so as to cover one header of each of the steam generator and reheater panels behind the solar receiver surface of the reheater panel. 
     
     
         11 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 9 , wherein the internal surfaces of the steam generator, superheater, and reheater panels are covered with an insulation layer. 
     
     
         12 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 9 , wherein a first labyrinthine gap is provided between the end of the superheater panel and the portion of the steam generator panel overlapping the end of the superheater panel to accommodate relative movement of the steam generator and superheater panels due to thermal growth, and wherein a second labyrinthine gap is provided between the end of the steam generator panel and the portion of the reheater panel overlapping the end of the steam generator panel to accommodate relative movement of the steam generator and reheater panels due to thermal growth. 
     
     
         13 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 9 , wherein the tubes of the steam generator, superheater, and reheater panels are configured and adapted to be fully drainable by way of at least one header in each panel. 
     
     
         14 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 9 , wherein the portion of the steam generator panel overlapping the end of the superheater panel includes a 180° bend in the uppermost end of the plurality of tubes of the steam generator panel, and wherein the portion of the reheater panel overlapping the end of the steam generator panel includes a 180° bend in the uppermost end of the plurality of tubes of the reheater panel. 
     
     
         15 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 14 , wherein the end of the solar receiver surface of the steam generator panel overlapping an end of the superheater panel covers a header of the superheater panel, and wherein the end of the solar receiver surface of the reheater panel overlapping an end of the steam generator panel covers a header of the steam generator panel. 
     
     
         16 . A boiler for a solar receiver comprising:
 a) a first boiler panel having a plurality of tubes fluidly connecting an inlet header of the first boiler panel to an outlet header of the first boiler panel, the tubes of the first boiler panel forming a first solar receiver surface and a first internal surface opposite the first solar receiver surface; and   b) a second boiler panel having a plurality of tubes fluidly connecting an inlet header of the second boiler panel to an outlet header of the second boiler panel, the tubes of the second boiler panel forming a second solar receiver surface and a second internal surface opposite the second solar receiver surface, wherein the first and second boiler panels are adjacent one another with a portion of the first boiler panel including an end of the first solar receiver surface overlapping an end of the second boiler panel and covering one header of each of the first and second boiler panels, and wherein a labyrinthine gap is provided between the end of the first solar receiver surface and the end of the second boiler panel to accommodate relative movement of the first and second boiler panels due to thermal growth.   
     
     
         17 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 16 , wherein the tubes of the first and second panels are configured and adapted to be fully drainable by way of at least one header in each panel. 
     
     
         18 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 16 , wherein the portion of the first solar receiver panel overlapping the end of the second boiler panel includes a 180° bend in the uppermost end of the plurality of tubes of the first solar receiving panel. 
     
     
         19 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 16 , wherein the first and second internal surfaces are covered with an insulation layer. 
     
     
         20 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 1 , including a plurality of the first and second boiler panels disposed in cylindrical orientation about a central axis of the boiler. 
     
     
         21 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 1 , including a plurality of the first and second boiler panels disposed in rectangular orientation about a central axis of the boiler. 
     
     
         22 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 9 , including a plurality of steam generator panels, superheater panels, and reheater panels disposed in cylindrical orientation about a central axis of the boiler. 
     
     
         23 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 9 , including a plurality of steam generator panels, superheater panels, and reheater panels disposed in rectangular orientation about a central axis of the boiler. 
     
     
         24 . A boiler for a solar receiver comprising:
 a) a steam generator panel having a plurality of tubes fluidly connecting an inlet header and an outlet header of the steam generator panel, the tubes of the steam generator panel forming a solar receiver surface and opposed internal surface;   b) a superheater panel having a plurality of tubes fluidly connecting an inlet header and an outlet header of the superheater panel, the tubes of the superheater panel forming a solar receiver surface and opposed internal surface, wherein the steam generator and superheater panels are adjacent one another with a portion of the superheater panel including an end of the solar receiver surface thereof overlapping an end of the steam generator panel to reduce solar radiation passing between the solar receiver surfaces of the steam generator and superheater panels; and   c) a reheater panel having a plurality of tubes fluidly connecting an inlet header and an outlet header of the reheater panel, the tubes of the reheater panel forming a solar receiver surface and opposed internal surface, wherein the steam generator and reheater panels are adjacent one another with a portion of the reheater panel including an end of the solar receiver surface thereof overlapping an end of the steam generator panel to reduce solar radiation passing between the solar receiver surfaces of the steam generator and reheater panels.   
     
     
         25 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 24 , wherein the steam generator and superheater panels are adjacent one another with an end of the solar receiver surface of the superheater panel overlapping an end of the steam generator panel so as to cover one header of each of the steam generator and superheater panels behind the solar receiver surface of the superheater panel, and wherein the steam generator and reheater panels are adjacent one another with an end of the solar receiver surface of the reheater panel overlapping an end of the steam generator panel so as to cover one header of each of the steam generator and reheater panels behind the solar receiver surface of the reheater panel. 
     
     
         26 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 24 , wherein the portion of the superheater panel overlapping the end of the steam generator panel includes a 180 degree bend in the uppermost end of the plurality of tubes of the superheater panel, and wherein the portion of the reheater panel overlapping the end of the steam generator panel includes a 180° bend in the uppermost end of the plurality of tubes of the reheater panel. 
     
     
         27 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 26 , wherein the end of the solar receiver surface of the superheater panel overlapping an end of the steam generator panel covers a header of the steam generator panel, and wherein the end of the solar receiver surface of the reheater panel overlapping an end of the steam generator panel covers a header of the steam generator panel. 
     
     
         28 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 24 , wherein a first labyrinthine gap is provided between the end of the steam generator panel and the portion of the superheater panel overlapping the end of the steam generator panel to accommodate relative movement of the steam generator and superheater panels due to thermal growth, and wherein a second labyrinthine gap is provided between the end of the steam generator panel and the portion of the reheater panel overlapping the end of the steam generator panel to accommodate relative movement of the steam generator and reheater panels due to thermal growth. 
     
     
         29 . A boiler for a solar receiver as recited in  claim 24 , wherein the portion of the superheater panel overlapping the end of the steam generator panel includes a 180° bend in the lowermost end of the plurality of tubes of the superheater panel. 
     
     
         30 . A solar radiation interference device for reducing an amount of solar radiation passing between two adjacent solar receiver surfaces, comprising:
 a first boiler panel having a plurality of tubes fluidly connecting an inlet header of the first boiler panel to an outlet header of the first boiler panel, the tubes of the first boiler panel forming a first solar receiver surface and a first internal surface opposite the first solar receiver surface;   a second boiler panel having a plurality of tubes fluidly connecting an inlet header of the second boiler panel to an outlet header of the second boiler panel, the tubes of the second boiler panel forming a second solar receiver surface and a second internal surface opposite the second solar receiver surface, the first and second boiler panels being adjacent one another; and   an interference portion including an overlap of the first boiler panel and an end of the first solar receiver surface with respect to an end of the second boiler panel to reduce solar radiation passing between the first and second solar receiver surfaces.