New class of therapeutics that enhance small molecule diffusion

Abstract

The subject application relates to novel compositions containing a diffusion enhancing compound and their use in treating a variety of disorders.

1 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising a diffusion enhancing compound and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 
     
     
         2 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising a unit dose of a diffusion enhancing compound and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 
     
     
         3 . A pharmaceutical composition as in  claim 1  wherein the diffusion enhancing compound is selected from the group consisting of trimethylamine N-oxide, proline, ectoine, trehalose and other disaccharides which increase hydrogen bonding, glycine betaine, 3-dimethylsulfoniopropionate, urea, maltose, glycerol, a small or multiply-charged ion with high charge density, t-butanol, and DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide). 
     
     
         4 . A pharmaceutical composition as in  claim 1  wherein the diffusion enhancing compound is selected from the group consisting of trehalose, glycine betaine, and proline. 
     
     
         5 . A pharmaceutical composition as in  claim 3  wherein the small or multiply-charged ion with high charge density is selected from the group consisting of SO 4   2− , HPO 4   2− , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Li + , Na + , OH − , F − , and Cl − . 
     
     
         6 . A pharmaceutical composition as  claim 1  wherein the composition is an aqueous based solution. 
     
     
         7 . A pharmaceutical composition as in  claim 1  wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is selected from the group consisting of cyclodextrins, PEG and glycols. 
     
     
         8 . (canceled) 
     
     
         9 . A method of treating hemorrhagic shock in a mammal comprising administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a diffusion enhancing compound other than a bipolar trans carotenoid. 
     
     
         10 . A method of treating a hypoxic condition in a mammal comprising administering to said mammal a diffusion enhancing compound other than a bipolar trans carotenoid in an amount sufficient to increase tissue oxygenation. 
     
     
         11 . A method of treating respiratory disease, asthma, emphysema, ALI, ARDS, COPD in a mammal comprising administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a diffusion enhancing compound other than a bipolar trans carotenoid. 
     
     
         12 . A method of treating cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, hypertension, ischemia or stroke, in a mammal comprising administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a diffusion enhancing compound other than a bipolar trans carotenoid. 
     
     
         13 . A method of treating traumatic brain injury or Alzheimer's disease in a mammal comprising administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a diffusion enhancing compound other than a bipolar trans carotenoid. 
     
     
         14 . A method of treating anemia in a mammal comprising administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a diffusion enhancing compound other than a bipolar trans carotenoid. 
     
     
         15 . A method of treating chronic renal failure in a mammal comprising administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a diffusion enhancing compound other than a bipolar trans carotenoid. 
     
     
         16 . A method of treating cancer in a mammal comprising administering before during or after radiation therapy or chemotherapy to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a diffusion enhancing compound other than a bipolar trans carotenoid. 
     
     
         17 . A method of treating hypertension or myocardial infarction in a mammal comprising administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a diffusion enhancing compound other than a bipolar trans carotenoid. 
     
     
         18 . A method of treating diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, peripheral vascular disease/claudication, or spinal stenosis/neurogenic claudication in a mammal comprising administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a diffusion enhancing compound other than a bipolar trans carotenoid. 
     
     
         19 . A method as in  claim 9 , wherein the diffusion enhancing compound is selected from the group consisting of trimethylamine N-oxide, proline, ectoine, maltose, trehalose and other disaccharides which cause increased hydrogen bonding, glycine betaine, 3-dimethylsulfoniopropionate, urea, glycerol, a small or multiply-charged ion with high charge density, t-butanol, and DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide). 
     
     
         20 . A method as in  claim 9 , wherein the diffusion enhancing compound is selected from the group consisting of trehalose, glycine betaine, and proline. 
     
     
         21 . A method as in  claim 9 , wherein said administration is selected from the group consisting of nasal, parenteral, transdermal, intramuscular injection and oral delivery. 
     
     
         22 . A method of treating Wegener's granulomatosis in a mammal comprising administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a diffusion enhancing compound. 
     
     
         23 . A method of treating cancer in a mammal comprising administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a diffusion enhancing compound as an adjunct to radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. 
     
     
         24 . A method of treating arthritis in a mammal comprising administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a diffusion enhancing compound other than crocetin. 
     
     
         25 . A method as in  claim 22 ,  23  or  24 , wherein the diffusion enhancing compound is a bipolar trans carotenoid. 
     
     
         26 . A method as in  claim 22 ,  23  or  24 , wherein the diffusion enhancing compound is TSC.