Electrode array device having an adsorbed porous reaction layer

Abstract

There is disclosed an electrode array device having an adsorbed porous reaction layer for improved synthesis quality. The array comprises a plurality of electrodes on a substrate, wherein the electrodes are electronically connected to a computer control system. The array has an adsorbed porous reaction layer on the plurality of electrodes, wherein the adsorbed porous reaction layer comprises a chemical species having at least one hydroxyl group. In the preferred embodiment, the reaction layer is sucrose. A method for preparing an electrode array for improved synthesis quality is disclosed. The method comprises a cleaning method and a method of attachment of a reaction layer. The cleaning method comprises a plasma cleaning method and a chemical cleaning method. The reaction layer is attached after cleaning by exposing the microarray to a solution containing the chemical species having at least one hydroxyl group.

1 . An electrode array having an adsorbed porous reaction layer for electrochemical synthesis comprising:
 (a) a plurality of electrodes on a substrate, wherein each electrode of the plurality of electrodes has a surface; and   (b) a porous reaction layer formed by a process comprising the adsorption of a chemical species onto the surface of each electrode of the plurality of electrodes such that the adsorbed species provides a support for products of electrochemical synthesis at the electrodes, wherein the chemical species is selected from the group consisting of oligosaccharides from one to three monosaccharide residues and the halogenated forms of these oligosaccharides.   
     
     
         2 . The electrode array of  claim 1 , wherein the chemical species is a monosaccharide. 
     
     
         3 . The electrode array of  claim 2 , wherein the monosaccharide is selected from the group consisting of allose, altrose, arabinose, deoxyribose, erythrose, fructose, galactose, glucose, gulose, idose, lyxose, mannose, psicose, L-rharnnose, ribose, ribulose, sedoheptulose, D-sorbitol, sorbose, sylulose, tagatose, talose, threose, xylulose, and xylose. 
     
     
         4 . The electrode array of  claim 1 , wherein the chemical species is a disaccharide. 
     
     
         5 . The electrode array of  claim 4 , wherein the disaccharide is selected from the group consisting of amylose, cellobiose, lactose, maltose, melibiose, palatinose, sucrose, and trehalose. 
     
     
         6 . The electrode array of  claim 1 , wherein the chemical species is a trisaccharide. 
     
     
         7 . The electrode array of  claim 6 , wherein the trisaccharide is selected from the group consisting of raffinose and melezitose. 
     
     
         8 . The electrode array of  claim 1 , wherein the chemical species is a halogenated oligosaccharide. 
     
     
         9 . The electrode array of  claim 8 , wherein the halogenated oligosaccharide is a halogenated disaccharide. 
     
     
         10 . The electrode array of  claim 9 , wherein the halogenated disaccharide is sucralose. 
     
     
         11 . The electrode array of  claim 1 , wherein the electrodes' surface is made from a material selected from the group consisting of platinum, gold, semiconductor, indium tin oxide, and carbon and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         12 . A process for forming an electrode array having an adsorbed porous reaction layer for electrochemical synthesis comprising:
 (a) providing a plurality of electrodes on a substrate, wherein each electrode of the plurality of electrodes has a surface; and   (b) forming a porous reaction layer by a process comprising the adsorption of a chemical species on the surface of each electrode of the plurality of electrodes such that the adsorbed species provides a support for products of electrochemical synthesis at the electrodes, wherein the chemical species is selected from the group consisting of oligosaccharides from one to three monosaccharide residues and the halogenated forms of these oligosaccharides.   
     
     
         13 . The process of  claim 12 , wherein the chemical species is a monosaccharide. 
     
     
         14 . The process of  claim 13 , wherein the monosaccharide is selected from the group consisting of allose, altrose, arabinose, deoxyribose, erythrose, fructose, galactose, glucose, gulose, idose, lyxose, mannose, psicose, L-rharnnose, ribose, ribulose, sedoheptulose, D-sorbitol, sorbose, sylulose, tagatose, talose, threose, xylulose, and xylose. 
     
     
         15 . The process of  claim 12 , wherein the chemical species is a disaccharide. 
     
     
         16 . The process of  claim 15 , wherein the disaccharide is selected from the group consisting of amylose, cellobiose, lactose, maltose, melibiose, palatinose, sucrose, and trehalose. 
     
     
         17 . The process of  claim 12 , wherein the chemical species is a trisaccharide. 
     
     
         18 . The process of  claim 17 , wherein the chemical species is a halogenated oligosaccharide. 
     
     
         19 . The process of  claim 12 , wherein the halogenated oligosaccharide is a halogenated disaccharide. 
     
     
         20 . The process of  claim 12 , wherein the halogenated disaccharide is sucralose.