Tunnel typed coking furnace with a movable sliding bed and the method using the same

Abstract

The invention refers to a tunnel typed coking furnace with a movable sliding bed and the method using the same belonging to the coking field, comprising a furnace body ( 48 ), a front sealing door ( 7 ), a back sealing door ( 25 ), a branch flue ( 10 ), a bottom flue ( 12 ) and a main flue ( 6 ), comprising a first preparation chamber ( 3 ) for coaling, a preheating segment ( 50 ), a carbonization segment ( 51 ), a coke dry quenching segment ( 52 ), and a second preparation chamber ( 23 ) for coke outlet; each part has different formation from the others, and are interconnected in series with the others; the sliding bed ( 37 ) for coaling and tamping coal material ( 44 ) passes through the abovementioned five segment in series in order to coke. The invention may realize a production coal material with fixed formation through formation process with pressure, so as to obtain the coke product with the same and big size, in addition to high strength, high utilization rate of heat energy, high degree of mechanization, and it also may realize the clean exhaustion of flue, so as to be able to protect the environment and water resource, and realize clean production.

1 . A tunnel typed coking furnace, comprising:
 a furnace top, a first insulating layer formed at the furnace top, a ceiling beam, two side walls, a furnace body formed by a furnace body base and a furnace bottom constituted by a second insulating layer formed at the bottom of the furnace, a front sealing door of said furnace body, a back sealing door of said furnace body, a branch flue, a bottom flue, and a main flue, is characterized in that said tunnel typed coking furnace consists of a first preparation chamber for coaling, a preheating segment, a carbonization segment, a coke dry quenching segment, and a second preparation chamber for coke outlet, and each part has different formation from the others, and are interconnected in series with the others; and a plurality of individual bottom channels are formed above said first insulating layer, and perpendicular to the direction of the series connection of the parts of said furnace body; and a slide way that the sliding bed for loading briquette or tamping coal material moves on is formed at the top of said bottom channels; and a heat exchange box is formed at the top of the furnace wall of coke dry quenching segment; and a preheating chamber formed between the internal and the external walls of said two side walls has a heat exchange channel connecting said heat exchange box arranged at the top of said coke dry quenching segment to the bottom channel formed at the bottom of said coke dry quenching segment, and said heat exchange box provided with a first regulating damper and a first cold air tube is formed at the top of said coke dry quenching segment; and said bottom channel provided with a second regulating damper and a second cold air tube connected with centrifugal fan is formed at the bottom of said coke dry quenching segment; and said preheating chamber is provided with a hot air channel extending from the inside of the furnace to the inside of internal and external walls of said carbonization segment; and the outlet of said hot air channel is provided with a regulating valve connected with an oxygen inlet formed in the gas descending channel located at the top of said carbonization segment and the oxygen tube formed in the bottom channel of said carbonization segment respectively through tubes; and a plurality of gas descending channels, each of which is provided with a third regulating damper, are formed inside the two side walls of said carbonization segment; and a flame guiding port connected to the upper side of said carbonization segment, is formed on the upper side of the internal wall of gas descending channels; an openable flame observation port is corresponding to said flame guiding port is formed on the external wall of furnace; the lower side of said gas descending channels is connected to the corresponding bottom channel of said carbonization segment which is also provided with a first air inlet connected with gas descending channels for supplying the air to the bottom channel of said carbonization segment; and the upper side of the internal wall of said carbonization segment is provided with a second air inlet staggered with said gas descending channels and disconnected with the same; and the central areas of the bottoms of said carbonization segment and said preheating segment are connected with each other through a bottom flue, and are also connected said bottom channels thereof; said bottom channel of said preheating segment is provided with a temperature regulating port connected to a exhausted hot air ascending channel formed inside the two side walls of said preheating segment, and is also provided with a second regulating damper for regulating the air passage in said exhausted hot air ascending channel; and said exhausted hot air ascending channel is connected with said main flue through said branch flue; and said main flue is connected with a chimney outside; and no flame guiding port is provided on the two side walls of said preheating segment and said coke dry quenching segment respectively.   
     
     
         2 . The coking furnace of  claim 1 , wherein said sliding bed for loading briquette or tamping coal material is formed by the heat-resistant metal plates or heat-resistant steel plates and non-metallic alumina refractory board or cordierite-mullite boards; and a slide way is formed above the bottom channels and between the sliding bed and said bottom channels, said slide way is formed by high-density silicon bricks, high alumina bricks, aluminum phosphate bricks, phosphate bricks, corundum bricks, polycrystalline carbonized silicon or polycrystalline silicon nitride. 
     
     
         3 . The coking furnace of  claim 1 , wherein said sliding bed directly slides on said slide way; alternatively, a plurality of scrollable round refractory balls, cylindrical refractory rollers, heat-resistant bearings, or heat-resistant steel bars are arranged on the slide way for said sliding bed to slide on, in order to reduce the resistance to the sliding. 
     
     
         4 . The coking furnace of  claim 1 , wherein said slide way is with horizontal placement or with inclined placement while the front segment of said slide way is positioned higher than the back segment thereof. 
     
     
         5 . The coking furnace of  claim 1 , wherein said the first preparation chamber for coaling is formed outside said preheating segment, comprising of two first sealing walls, a first sealing door, a front sealing door of said furnace body, a first ceiling board and a first floor board; and a first displacement air supplying channel is formed under said floor board and connected to said bottom flue of said preheating segment, and said first displacement supplying channel is provided with a first control valve for controlling the supply of the displacement air; and a second displacement air exhausting channel is formed on the first ceiling board and connected to said main flue, and said first displacement air exhausting channel is provided with a second control valve; and said first sealing door of said first preparation chamber is connected with a circulation slide way arranged outside; a second preparation chamber for coke outlet outside the coke dry quenching segment is formed by two second sealing walls, a second sealing door, a back sealing door of the furnace body, a second ceiling board and a second floor board; a second displacement air supplying channel connected with said bottom flue of said preheating segment is formed under said floor board of said second preparation chamber for coke outlet, and is provided with a third control valve for controlling the supply of the displacement air; and a second displacement air exhausting channel connected with said main flue is formed on said second ceiling board of said second preparation chamber for coke outlet, and is provided with a fourth control valve; and said second sealing door of said second preparation chamber for coke outlet is connected with the circulation slide way formed outside. 
     
     
         6 . The coking furnace of  claim 1 , wherein a plurality of gas blocking dampers which are also able to block flame, containing Zirconium fibers, are provided in the space at the furnace top for partitioning the top space of said preheating segment, carbonization segment and said coke dry quenching segment. 
     
     
         7 . The coking furnace of  claim 1  is characterized in that said coke dry quenching segment is located behind said carbonization segment, or is formed outside said second preparation chamber for coke outlet, further comprising a coke dry quenching chamber exclusively used by the sliding bed, and a gas inlet channel and a gas outlet channel are formed respectively at the bottom and top of said coke dry quenching chamber; and a coke quenching chamber with low moisture is further formed beside each coke dry quenching chamber as a standby. 
     
     
         8 . The coking furnace of  claim 1 , wherein the displacement gas used in said first preparation chamber, coke outlet preparation chamber and coke dry quenching chamber is oxygen free flue gas after combustion exhausted from said bottom flue of preheating segment or Nitrogen from a Nitrogen generating machine. 
     
     
         9 . The coking furnace of  claim 1 , wherein a branch coke gas collecting tube is formed at the top of said preheating segment and is connected with a gas collecting mains; and also said gas collecting mains is connected with a gas purification system for chemical product recovery. 
     
     
         10 . The process of coke production using the furnace of  claim 1  comprising the steps of:
 (1) according the requirement of products, preparing the raw materials with a precise proportion using an electronic hopper, mixing and stirring grinding the coal material, and shaping the grinded coal material with pressure, and then stacking said shaped coal onto said sliding bed, or moving said movable sliding bed to a tamping station, and then tamping the coal directly on said movable sliding bed; 
 (2) transferring said sliding bed loading the coal into said first preparation chamber through said circulation slide way formed outside the furnace, and closing said first sealing door and said second sealing door, and then switch on said first control valve, said third control valve, said second control valve, and said fourth control valve; and displacing the air in said first preparation chamber with the oxygen free gas after combustion exhausted from the bottom flue or with the Nitrogen from a Nitrogen generating machine; and after displacement, opening said front sealing door and said back sealing door of furnace body; pushing said sliding bed into a tunnel kiln with a car pusher; pushing out a sliding bed loading the coke after carbonization from the back door and into a said second preparation chamber for coke outlet by means of a sliding bed in the furnace when another sliding bed loading coal material is pushed into the furnace from the front door; and then closing said front sealing door and said back sealing door; after that transferring the coke extinguished from the sliding bed in the coking offloading area for offloading; 
 (3) with the intermittent movement of said sliding bed, exchanging the heat of said coal material with high temperature exhausted flue gas in the bottom channel of said preheating segment and rapidly dehydrating said coal material, and then collecting said coal gas with a gas collection tube formed at the top of said preheating segment and introducing said coal gas into a gas purification system for chemical product recovery through a gas collection mains for purification; wherein, the purified coal gas can be directly used for the power generation of an internal combustion engine for exhausted coked gas, the external use, or is recovered in the coke furnace for combustion; after major of coal gas is volatilized from said coal material in said preheating segment, transferring said coal material to said carbonization segment; then introducing the remaining coal gas volatilized from the coal material in said carbonization segment to the bottom channel of said carbonization segment, and allowing the coal gas to be combusted with Oxygen further added, and keeping the temperature of the coal material rising until the coal material is melted and carbonized; finally, after said coal material is bound and contracted, cooling said coal material contracted in said coke dry quenching segment to form coke product; 
 (4) transferring the heat in said coke dry quenching segment to said carbonization segment with said centrifugal fan arranged at the end portion of said preheating chamber of said coke dry quenching segment so as to allow the coal gas to combust only with hot air during the process of carbonization; and then introducing the exhausted hot gas after combustion into said bottom flue of said preheating segment, before the fact that the exhausted hot gas passes through the bottom channel of said preheating segment and said exhausted hot air channel successively and rapidly dehydrate and preheat the coal material loaded on said sliding bed; and meanwhile, cooling said coke dry quenching segment; finally, allowing the coal gas to pass through said branch flue, said main flue and reach the heat recovery steam boiler to generate steam for power generation of steam turbine, and the electricity generated can be for self use or sold on line; cooling the flue gas with said heat recovery steam boiler, and then desulfurizing and purifying the cooled flue gas, and finally exhausting the purified flue gas to the external environment through the chimney.