Systems, devices, and methods including paramagnetic oscillation, rotation, and translation of hemozoin asymmetric nanoparticles in response to dark-field or rheinberg detection of the presence of hemozoin

Abstract

Systems, devices, and methods are described for providing a monitor/treatment device configured to, for example, detect hemozoin, as well as to monitor or treat a malarial infection.

1 .- 11 . (canceled) 
     
     
         12 . A method, comprising:
 generating a comparison between (a) a detected scattering profile information associated with a plurality of target regions within a biological tissue interrogated by a dark-field interrogation stimulus in the presence of a magnetic field stimulus and (b) reference hemozoin dark field scattering information; and   magnetically perturbing hemozoin nanoparticles in the biological tissue based in part on the comparison.   
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein generating the comparison includes comparing, using circuitry, a detected scattering profile associated with a plurality of target regions within a biological subject interrogated by a multiplexed dark-field interrogation stimulus in the presence of a magnetic field stimulus and reference hemozoin dark field scattering information. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 12 , further comprising:
 generating a comparison, using circuitry, between a detected scattering profile obtained using a Rheinberg illumination configuration in the presence of a magnetic field stimulus and reference hemozoin Rheinberg illumination spectral information.   
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein magnetically perturbing the hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue includes applying a magnetic field stimulus of a character and for a duration sufficient to cause the hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue to affect the integrity of a digestive food vacuole of a malaria parasite. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein magnetically perturbing the hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue includes applying an alternating magnetic field stimulus of a character and for a duration sufficient to cause the hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue to rupture a membrane of a digestive food vacuole of a malaria parasite. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein magnetically perturbing the hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue includes applying a time-varying magnetic field stimulus of a character and for a duration sufficient to cause a reduction in a parasitemia level. 
     
     
         18 . An apparatus, comprising:
 a magnetic field generator configured to concurrently or sequentially generate at least a first electromagnetic energy stimulus and a second electromagnetic energy stimulus, the first electromagnetic energy stimulus of a character and for a duration sufficient to magnetically align hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue, the second electromagnetic energy stimulus of a character and for a duration sufficient to magnetically induce at least one of an oscillation, a translation, and a rotation of the hemozoin nanoparticles in the biological tissue.   
     
     
         19 . The apparatus of  claim 18 , further comprising:
 a dark-field electromagnetic energy emitting component configured to interrogate at least one focal volume of biological tissue with a multi-mode dark-field stimulus.   
     
     
         20 . The apparatus of  claim 19 , further comprising:
 an electromagnetic energy sensor component configured to detect, via a dark-field detection configuration, response energy associated with hemozoin nanoparticles interrogated by the multi-mode dark-field stimulus in the presence of the first electromagnetic energy stimulus.   
     
     
         21 . The apparatus of  claim 19 , further comprising:
 an electromagnetic energy sensor component including at least one Rheinberg filter, the electromagnetic energy sensor component configured to detect scatter energy associated with hemozoin nanoparticles interrogated by the multi-mode dark-field stimulus in the presence of the first electromagnetic energy stimulus or the second electromagnetic energy stimulus.   
     
     
         22 . The apparatus of  claim 20 , wherein the electromagnetic energy sensor component includes at least one spectrometer. 
     
     
         23 . The apparatus of  claim 20 , wherein the electromagnetic energy sensor component is configured to detect a spectral response associated with hemozoin nanoparticles interrogated by the multi-mode dark-field stimulus in the presence of the first electromagnetic energy stimulus or the second electromagnetic energy stimulus. 
     
     
         24 . The apparatus of  claim 19 , further comprising:
 an electromagnetic energy sensor component configured to detect scatter energy associated with hemozoin nanoparticles interrogated by the multi-mode dark-field stimulus in the presence of the first electromagnetic energy stimulus or the second electromagnetic energy stimulus.   
     
     
         25 . The apparatus of  claim 19 , wherein the induced at least one of the oscillation, the translation, and the rotation of the hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue is sufficient to affect an integrity of an organelle of a malarial infectious agent. 
     
     
         26 . The apparatus of  claim 19 , wherein the induced at least one of the oscillation, the translation, and the rotation of the hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue is sufficient to affect the integrity of a digestive food vacuole of a malaria parasite. 
     
     
         27 . The apparatus of  claim 19 , wherein the induced at least one of the oscillation, the translation, and the rotation of the hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue is sufficient to disrupt an in vivo heme polymerization process. 
     
     
         28 . An apparatus, comprising:
 a magnetic field generator configured to concurrently or sequentially generate at least a first electromagnetic energy stimulus and a second electromagnetic energy stimulus, the first electromagnetic energy stimulus of a character and for a duration sufficient to magnetically align hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue, the second electromagnetic energy stimulus of a character and for a duration sufficient to magnetically induce at least one of an oscillation, a translation, and a rotation of the hemozoin nanoparticles in the biological tissue;   a dark-field electromagnetic energy emitting component configured to interrogate at least one focal volume of biological tissue with a multi-mode dark-field stimulus;   an electromagnetic energy sensor component operably coupled to at least one of the magnetic field generator and the dark-field electromagnetic energy emitting component and configured to detect, via a dark-field detection configuration, response energy associated with hemozoin nanoparticles interrogated by the multi-mode dark-field stimulus in the presence of the first electromagnetic energy stimulus; and   one or more processors that, when activated, generate a control signal that causes the comparison between the detected response energy associated with hemozoin nanoparticles interrogated by the multi-mode dark-field stimulus and reference hemozoin nanoparticles scattered energy information.   
     
     
         29 . The apparatus of  claim 28 , wherein the induced at least one of the oscillation, the translation, and the rotation of the hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue is sufficient to affect an integrity of an organelle of a malarial infectious agent. 
     
     
         30 . The apparatus of  claim 28 , wherein the induced at least one of the oscillation, the translation, and the rotation of the hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue is sufficient to affect the integrity of a digestive food vacuole of a malaria parasite. 
     
     
         31 . The apparatus of  claim 28 , wherein the induced at least one of the oscillation, the translation, and the rotation of the hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue is sufficient to disrupt an in vivo heme polymerization process.