Processes for making zilpaterol and salts thereof

Abstract

This invention generally relates to processes for making zilpaterol and salts thereof, as well as processes for making intermediates that, inter alia, may be used to make zilpaterol and salts thereof. This invention also relates to methods of treatment using zilpaterol and salts prepared in accordance with this invention to increase the rate of weight gain, improve feed efficiency, and/or increase carcass leanness in livestock, poultry, and fish.

1 - 15 . (canceled) 
     
     
         16 . A method of increasing the rate of weight gain in a bovine animal comprising administering a single oral daily dose of zilpaterol or a salt thereof in the bovine animal's feed wherein the concentration of the zilpaterol or salt thereof in the feed is between 0.01 ppm and 75 ppm. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the zilpaterol salt is zilpaterol hydrochloride. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the concentration of the zilpaterol or salt thereof in the feed is between 0.01 ppm and 38 ppm. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the concentration of the zilpaterol or salt thereof in the feed is between 0.5 ppm and 20 ppm. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the concentration of the zilpaterol or salt thereof in the feed is between 3 ppm and 8 ppm. 
     
     
         21 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the concentration of the zilpaterol or salt thereof in the feed is between 3.7 ppm and 7.5 ppm. 
     
     
         22 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the zilpaterol or salt thereof is administered in a daily dose of 0.01 mg/kg body weight to 50 mg/kg body weight. 
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the zilpaterol or salt thereof is administered in a daily dose of 0.01 mg/kg body weight to 10 mg/kg body weight. 
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the zilpaterol or salt thereof is administered in a daily dose of 0.05 mg/kg body weight to 2 mg/kg body weight. 
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the zilpaterol or salt thereof is administered in a daily dose of 0.1 mg/kg body weight to 1 mg/kg body weight. 
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the zilpaterol or salt thereof is administered in a daily dose of 0.1 mg/kg body weight to 0.2 mg/kg body weight. 
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the zilpaterol or salt thereof is administered in a daily dose of 0.15 mg/kg body weight. 
     
     
         28 . A method of improving feed efficiency in a bovine animal comprising administering a single oral daily dose of zilpaterol or a salt thereof in the bovine animal's feed wherein the concentration of the zilpaterol or salt thereof in the feed is between 0.01 ppm and 75 ppm. 
     
     
         29 . A method of increasing carcass leanness in a bovine animal comprising administering a single oral daily dose of zilpaterol or a salt thereof in the bovine animal's feed wherein the concentration of the zilpaterol or salt thereof in the feed is between 0.01 ppm and 75 ppm.