Scaling for fractional systems in wireless communication

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices are described for utilizing scaling factors and/or fractional bandwidth and waveforms for wireless communication. Scaling factors may be utilized to relate aspects of one subsystem with aspects of another subsystem. Embodiments may utilize portions of spectrum that may not be big enough to fit a standard waveform. Scaling factors may be utilized to generate fractional waveforms to fit these portions of spectrum. A fractional subsystem may be generated with respect to a normal subsystem or other fractional subsystem through dilating, or scaling, time, frequency, state, or other aspects of the fractional subsystem with respect to time, frequency, state, or other aspects of the normal subsystem or the other fractional subsystem. The fractional subsystem may be aligned with a normal system at different times and/or different frequencies. Scaling information may be utilized to perform measurements on another subsystem, perform handoffs to another subsystem, perform reselection, align, etc.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A method for utilizing scaling factors for a wireless communications system, the method comprising:
 identifying a first subsystem within the wireless communications system;   identifying a second subsystem within the wireless communications system;   determining a scaling factor with respect to the first subsystem and the second subsystem; and   relating one or more aspects of the first subsystem with one or more aspects of the second subsystem utilizing the scaling factor.   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein at least the first subsystem or the second subsystem is a fractional subsystem. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 identifying a portion of spectrum, wherein a first waveform bandwidth of the first subsystem exceeds a bandwidth of the portion of spectrum; and   generating a first fractional waveform of the second subsystem of the wireless communications system utilizing the scaling factor, wherein the first fractional waveform of the second subsystem fits within the bandwidth of the portion of spectrum.   
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein relating the one or more aspects of the first system with the one or more aspects of the second system utilizing the scaling factor comprises:
 determining at least a time, a duration of time, a frequency, or a state of the second subsystem utilizing the scaling factor and at least a time, a duration of time, a frequency, or a state of the first subsystem.   
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 utilizing a scaled measurement unit with respect to at least the first subsystem or the second subsystem, wherein an underlying value of the scaled measurement unit in the first subsystem and the second subsystem is related by the scaling factor.   
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 5 , wherein the scaled measurement unit is at least a dilated time unit or a reduced frequency unit. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 5 , wherein the scaled measurement unit is unitless. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 5 , wherein a value linked with the scaled measurement unit of the second subsystem is the same as a value linked with the scaled measurement unit of the first subsystem. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 4 , further comprising:
 performing a handover from the first subsystem to the second subsystem utilizing the scaling factor.   
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the scaling factor comprises at least a time-scaling factor, a state-scaling factor, or a frequency-scaling factor. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 implementing the scaling factor utilizing at least a filtering, an averaging, or a decimating process.   
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 aligning the first subsystem and the second subsystem at a first time.   
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 offsetting the second subsystem with respect to the first subsystem utilizing a first offset value.   
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 13 , further comprising:
 determining a state identifying a first base station; and   combining the offset value of the second subsystem and the state to generate an additional base station identifier.   
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein the state is a PN state. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein the state is time. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 4 , further comprising:
 utilizing at least the determined time, the determined frequency, or the determined state of the second subsystem and at least the time, the frequency, or the state of the first subsystem as part of at least a re-selection, a handoff, an inter-carrier measurement, or a frequency measurement procedure.   
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 12 , further comprising:
 aligning the first subsystem and the second subsystem on a periodic basis.   
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 13 , further comprising:
 offsetting the second subsystem with respect to the first subsystem utilizing a second offset value different from the first offset value.   
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 aligning a time between the first subsystem and the second subsystem, wherein the time alignment results in no state change.   
     
     
         21 . The method of  claim 20 , wherein the state refers to a state of at least a short PN code or a long PN code. 
     
     
         22 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 aligning a time between the first subsystem and the second subsystem, wherein the time alignment results in a state change.   
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 22 , wherein the state refers to a state of at least a short PN code or a long PN code. 
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 22 , wherein the state change results in a PN offset change. 
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 24 , wherein the PN offset change is equivalent to an implicit handoff to a mobile device. 
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 25 , wherein the PN offset change is determined by the mobile device on its own from at least knowledge of one or more time alignment instances(?), a state before the alignment, or the scaling factor. 
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 25 , wherein the PN offset change is communicated to the mobile device from at least a base station or a core network. 
     
     
         28 . The method of  claim 25 , wherein the PN offset change is determined jointly by at least the mobile device and at least a base station or a core network. 
     
     
         29 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the first subsystem comprises a normal subsystem. 
     
     
         30 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the first subsystem and the second subsystem are not co-located. 
     
     
         31 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the first subsystem is a second fractional subsystem. 
     
     
         32 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the steps are performed at a mobile device. 
     
     
         33 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the steps are performed at a base station. 
     
     
         34 . A wireless communications system configured for utilizing scaling factors, the wireless communications system comprising:
 a means for identifying a first subsystem within the wireless communications system;   a means for identifying a second subsystem within the wireless communications system;   a means for determining a scaling factor with respect to the first subsystem and the second subsystem; and   a means for relating one or more aspects of the first subsystem with one or more aspects of the second subsystem utilizing the scaling factor.   
     
     
         35 . The wireless communications system of  claim 34 , further comprising:
 a means for identifying a portion of spectrum, wherein a first waveform bandwidth of the first subsystem exceeds a bandwidth of the portion of spectrum; and   a means for generating a first fractional waveform of the second subsystem of the wireless communications system utilizing the scaling factor, wherein the first fractional waveform of the second subsystem fits within the bandwidth of the portion of spectrum.   
     
     
         36 . The wireless communications system of  claim 34 , wherein the means for relating the one or more aspects of the first system with the one or more aspects of the second system utilizing the scaling factor comprises:
 a means for determining at least a time, a duration of time, a frequency, or a state of the second subsystem utilizing the scaling factor and at least a time, a frequency, or a state of the first subsystem.   
     
     
         37 . The wireless communications system of  claim 36 , further comprising:
 a means for utilizing at least the determined time, the determined frequency, or the determined state of the second subsystem and at least the time, the frequency, or the state of the first subsystem as part of at least a re-selection, a handoff, an inter-carrier measurement, or a frequency measurement procedure.   
     
     
         38 . The wireless communications system of  claim 34 , further comprising:
 a means for performing a handover from the first subsystem to the second subsystem utilizing the scaling factor.   
     
     
         39 . The wireless communications system of  claim 34 , wherein the scaling factor is at least a time-scaling factor, a state-scaling factor, or a frequency-scaling factor. 
     
     
         40 . The wireless communications system of  claim 34 , further comprising:
 a means for utilizing a scaled measurement unit with respect to at least the first subsystem or the second subsystem, wherein an underlying value of the scaled measurement unit in the first subsystem and the second subsystem is related by the scaling factor.   
     
     
         41 . The wireless communications system of  claim 40 , wherein the scaled measurement unit is at least a dilated time unit or a reduced frequency unit. 
     
     
         42 . The wireless communications system of  claim 40 , wherein the scaled measurement unit is unitless. 
     
     
         43 . The wireless communications system of  claim 40 , wherein a value linked with the scaled measurement unit of the second subsystem is the same as a value linked with the scaled measurement unit of the first subsystem. 
     
     
         44 . The wireless communications system of  claim 34 , further comprising:
 a means for implementing the scaling factor utilizing at least a filtering, an averaging, or a decimating process.   
     
     
         45 . The wireless communications system of  claim 34 , wherein the first subsystem comprises a normal subsystem. 
     
     
         46 . The wireless communications system of  claim 34 , wherein the first subsystem and the second subsystem are not co-located. 
     
     
         47 . The wireless communications system of  claim 34 , wherein the first subsystem is a second fractional subsystem. 
     
     
         48 . A computer program product for utilizing scaling factors within a wireless communications system comprising:
 a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising:
 code for identifying a first subsystem within the wireless communications system; 
 code for identifying a second subsystem within the wireless communications system; 
 code for determining a scaling factor with respect to the first subsystem and the second subsystem; and 
 code for relating one or more aspects of the first subsystem with one or more aspects of the second subsystem utilizing the scaling factor. 
   
     
     
         49 . The computer program product of  claim 48 , wherein the non-transitory computer-readable medium further comprises:
 code for identifying a portion of spectrum, wherein a first waveform bandwidth of the first subsystem exceeds a bandwidth of the portion of spectrum; and   code for generating a first fractional waveform of the second subsystem of the wireless communications system utilizing the scaling factor, wherein the first fractional waveform of the second subsystem fits within the bandwidth of the portion of spectrum.   
     
     
         50 . The computer program product of  claim 48 , wherein the non-transitory computer-readable medium further comprises:
 code for determining at least a time, a duration of time, a frequency, or a state of the second subsystem utilizing the scaling factor and at least a time, a frequency, or a state of the first subsystem.   
     
     
         51 . The computer program product of  claim 50 , wherein the non-transitory computer-readable medium further comprises:
 code for utilizing at least the determined time, the determined frequency, or the determined state of the second subsystem and at least the time, the frequency, or the state of the first subsystem as part of at least a re-selection, a handoff, an inter carrier measurement, or a frequency measurement procedure.   
     
     
         52 . The computer program product of  claim 48 , wherein the non-transitory computer-readable medium further comprises
 code for performing a handover from the first subsystem to the second subsystem utilizing the scaling factor.   
     
     
         53 . The computer program product of  claim 48 , wherein the scaling factor comprises at least a time-scaling factor, a state-scaling factor, or a frequency-scaling factor. 
     
     
         54 . The computer program product of  claim 48 , wherein the non-transitory computer-readable medium further comprises:
 code for implementing the scaling factor utilizing at least a filtering, an averaging, or a decimating process.   
     
     
         55 . The computer program product of  claim 48 , wherein the non-transitory computer-readable medium further comprises:
 code for utilizing a scaled measurement unit with respect to at least the first subsystem or the second subsystem, wherein an underlying value of the scaled measurement unit in the first subsystem and the second subsystem is related by the scaling factor   
     
     
         56 . The computer program product of  claim 55 , wherein the scaled measurement unit is at least a dilated time unit or a reduced frequency unit. 
     
     
         57 . The method of  claim 55 , wherein the scaled measurement unit is unitless. 
     
     
         58 . The computer program product of  claim 55 , wherein a value linked with the scaled measurement unit of the second subsystem is the same as a value linked with the scaled measurement unit of the first subsystem. 
     
     
         59 . A wireless communications device configured for utilizing scaling factors within a wireless communications system, the wireless communications device comprising:
 at least one processor configured to:
 identify a first subsystem within the wireless communications system; 
 identify a second subsystem within the wireless communications system; 
 determine a scaling factor with respect to the first subsystem and the second subsystem; and 
 relate one or more aspects of the first subsystem with one or more aspects of the second subsystem utilizing the scaling factor; and 
   at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor.   
     
     
         60 . The wireless communications device of  claim 59 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to:
 align the first subsystem and the second subsystem at a first time.   
     
     
         61 . The wireless communications device of  claim 59 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to:
 offset the second subsystem with respect to the first subsystem utilizing a first offset value.   
     
     
         62 . The wireless communications device of  claim 61 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to:
 determine a state identifying a first base station; and   combine the offset value of the second subsystem and the state to generate a new base station identifier.   
     
     
         63 . The wireless communications device of  claim 59 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to:
 determine at least a time, a duration of time, a frequency, or a state of the second subsystem utilizing the scaling factor and at least a time, frequency, or a state of the first subsystem.   
     
     
         64 . The wireless communications device of  claim 59 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to:
 align the first subsystem and the second subsystem on a periodic basis.   
     
     
         65 . The wireless communications device of  claim 61 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to:
 offset the second subsystem with respect to the first subsystem utilizing a second offset value different from the first offset value.   
     
     
         66 . The wireless communications device of  claim 59 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to:
 utilize a scaled measurement unit with respect to at least the first subsystem or the second subsystem, wherein an underlying value of the scaled measurement unit in the first subsystem and the second subsystem is related by the scaling factor.   
     
     
         67 . The wireless communications device of  claim 66 , wherein the scaled measurement unit is at least a dilated time unit or a reduced frequency unit. 
     
     
         68 . The wireless communications device of  claim 66 , wherein the scaled measurement unit is unitless. 
     
     
         69 . The wireless communications device of  claim 66 , wherein a value linked with the scaled measurement unit of the second subsystem is the same as a value linked with the scaled measurement unit of the first subsystem.