Split electrode for organic devices

Abstract

A device is provided. The device includes a first electrode, an organic layer disposed over the first electrode and a second electrode disposed over the organic layer. The second electrode further includes a first conductive layer having an extinction coefficient and an index of refraction, a first separation layer disposed over the first conductive layer, and a second conductive layer disposed over the first separation layer. The first separation layer has an extinction coefficient that is at least 10% different from the extinction coefficient of the first conductive layer at 500 nm, or an index of refraction that is at least 10% different from the index of refraction of the first conductive layer at 500 nm. The device also includes a barrier layer disposed over the second conductive layer.

1 . A device, comprising:
 a first electrode;   an organic layer disposed over the first electrode, and;   a second electrode disposed over the organic layer, the second electrode further comprising,   a first conductive layer having an extinction coefficient and an index of refraction;   a first separation layer disposed over the first conductive layer,
 the first separation layer having an extinction coefficient that is at least 10% different from the extinction coefficient of the first conductive layer at 500 nm; or 
 wherein the first separation layer has an index of refraction that is at least 10% different from the index of refraction of the first conductive layer at 500 nm; 
   a second conductive layer disposed over the first separation layer; and   a barrier layer disposed over the second conductive layer.   
     
     
         2 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the first separation layer has an extinction coefficient that is at least 10% different from the extinction coefficient of the first conductive layer at 500 nm. 
     
     
         3 . The device of  claim 2 , wherein the first separation layer has an extinction coefficient less than 5 at 500 nm. 
     
     
         4 . The device of  claim 2  wherein the first separation layer has an extinction coefficient less than 3 at 500 nm. 
     
     
         5 . The device of  claim 2 , wherein the first separation layer has an extinction coefficient less than 1 at 500 nm. 
     
     
         6 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the first separation layer consists essentially of an organic material. 
     
     
         7 . The device of  claim 6 , wherein the first separation layer has a thickness of at least 20 nm. 
     
     
         8 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the first separation layer consists essentially of an inorganic material. 
     
     
         9 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the first conductive layer has a thickness not more than 150 nm. 
     
     
         10 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein
 the first conductive layer has a water vapor transmission rate at least 5% different from that of the first separation layer, and the second conductive layer has a water vapor transmission rate at least 5% different from that of the first separation layer.   
     
     
         11 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein
 the first conductive layer has a water vapor transmission rate at least 10% different from that of the first separation layer, and the second conductive layer has a water vapor transmission rate at least 10% different from that of the first separation layer.   
     
     
         12 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein
 the first conductive layer has a water vapor transmission rate at least 25% different from that of the first separation layer, and the second conductive layer has a water vapor transmission rate at least 25% different from that of the first separation layer.   
     
     
         13 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the first conductive layer is a low work function metallic layer or an inorganic layer. 
     
     
         14 . The device of  claim 13 , wherein the first conductive layer is a low work function metallic layer comprising a material selected from Al, Ca and MgAg. 
     
     
         15 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the second conductive layer is a low work function metallic layer or an inorganic layer. 
     
     
         16 . The device of  claim 15 , wherein the second conductive layer is a low work function metallic layer comprising a material selected from Al, Ca, and MgAg. 
     
     
         17 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer have the same material composition. 
     
     
         18 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the first conductive layer and the second conductive layers have different material compositions. 
     
     
         19 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the first separation layer is a metallic layer, an inorganic layer, or an organic layer. 
     
     
         20 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the device further comprises a substrate, and the first electrode is disposed over the substrate. 
     
     
         21 . The device of  claim 20 , wherein the substrate is a rigid substrate having a flexural rigidity greater than 2×10 −2  Nm. 
     
     
         22 . The device of  claim 21 , wherein the substrate is a flexible substrate having a flexural rigidity less than 2×10 −2  Nm. 
     
     
         23 . The device of  claim 22 , wherein
 the first electrode is a anode, and the device further comprises:   a permeation barrier layer disposed between the anode and the substrate; and   a water reacting layer disposed between the substrate and the anode.   
     
     
         24 . The device of  claim 20 , further comprising a lamination layer disposed over the barrier layer. 
     
     
         25 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the second electrode further comprises:
 a second separation layer disposed over the second conductive layer, and   a third conductive layer disposed over the second separation layer.   
     
     
         26 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the first separation layer consists essentially of a single material. 
     
     
         27 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the first separation layer comprises a mixture of at least two different materials. 
     
     
         28 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the first separation layer comprises a plurality of sublayers, wherein at least two of the sublayers have a different material composition. 
     
     
         29 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the barrier layer is transparent. 
     
     
         30 . A method, comprising:
 depositing over a substrate:   a first electrode;   an organic layer;   a second electrode; and   a barrier layer;   wherein depositing the second electrode further comprises depositing, in order,   a first conductive layer having an extinction coefficient and an index of refraction;   a first separation layer disposed over the first conductive layer,
 the first separation layer having an extinction coefficient that is at least 10% different from the extinction coefficient of the first conductive layer at 500 nm; 
   a second conductive layer disposed over the first separation layer.