Gas turbine engine with high speed low pressure turbine section and bearing support features

Abstract

A gas turbine engine includes a very high speed low pressure turbine such that a quantity defined by the exit area of the low pressure turbine multiplied by the square of the low pressure turbine rotational speed compared to the same parameters for the high pressure turbine is at a ratio between about 0.5 and about 1.5. The high pressure turbine is supported by a bearing positioned at a point where the first shaft connects to a hub carrying turbine rotors associated with the second turbine section.

1 . A turbine section of a gas turbine engine comprising:
 a fan drive turbine section; and   a second turbine section,   wherein said fan drive turbine section has a first exit area at a first exit point and is configured to rotate at a first speed,   wherein said second turbine section has a second exit area at a second exit point and is configured to rotate at a second speed, which is faster than the first speed,   wherein a first performance quantity is defined as the product of the first speed squared and the first area,   wherein a second performance quantity is defined as the product of the second speed squared and the second area;   wherein a ratio of the first performance quantity to the second performance quantity is between about 0.5 and about 1.5; and   said second turbine section driving a first shaft , and said first shaft being supported on a bearing , said bearing being mounted on an outer periphery of said first shaft at a location that is upstream of point where the first shaft connects to a hub carrying turbine rotors associated with said second turbine section.   
     
     
         2 . The turbine section as set forth in  claim 1 , wherein said ratio is above or equal to about 0.8. 
     
     
         3 . The turbine section as set forth in  claim 1 , wherein said fan drive turbine section has at least three stages. 
     
     
         4 . The turbine section as set forth in  claim 1 , wherein said fan drive turbine section has up to six stages. 
     
     
         5 . The turbine section as set forth in  claim 1 , wherein said second turbine section has two or fewer stages. 
     
     
         6 . The turbine section as set forth in  claim 1 , wherein a pressure ratio across the fan drive turbine section is greater than about 5:1. 
     
     
         7 . The turbine section as set forth in  claim 1 , wherein a second shaft associated with said fan drive turbine is supported by a second bearing at an end of said second shaft, and downstream of said fan drive turbine. 
     
     
         8 . The turbine section as set forth in  claim 1 , wherein said fan drive and second turbine sections are configured to rotate in opposed directions. 
     
     
         9 . The turbine section as set forth in  claim 1 , wherein there is no bearing support structure positioned intermediate said fan drive and second turbine sections. 
     
     
         10 . A gas turbine engine comprising:
 a fan;   a compressor section in fluid communication with the fan;   a combustion section in fluid communication with the compressor section;   a turbine section in fluid communication with the combustion section,   wherein the turbine section includes a fan drive turbine section and a second turbine section,   wherein said fan drive turbine section has a first exit area at a first exit point and is configured to rotate at a first speed,   wherein said second turbine section has a second exit area at a second exit point and is configured to rotate at a second speed, which is higher than the first speed,   wherein a first performance quantity is defined as the product of the first speed squared and the first area,   wherein a second performance quantity is defined as the product of the second speed squared and the second area;   wherein a ratio of the first performance quantity to the second performance quantity is between about 0.5 and about 1.5;   said second turbine section driving a first shaft, and said first shaft being mounted on a bearing, said bearing being mounted on an outer periphery of said first shaft at a location upstream of a point where the first shaft connects to a hub carrying turbine rotors associated with said second turbine section.   
     
     
         11 . The engine as set forth in  claim 10 , wherein said ratio is above or equal to about 0.8. 
     
     
         12 . The engine as set forth in  claim 10 , wherein the compressor section includes a first compressor section and a second compressor section, wherein the fan drive turbine section and the first compressor section are configured to rotate in a first direction, and wherein the second turbine section and the second compressor section are configured to rotate in a second opposed direction. 
     
     
         13 . The engine as set forth in  claim 12 , wherein a gear reduction is included between said fan and said second shaft driven by the fan drive turbine section such that the fan rotates at a lower speed than the fan drive turbine section. 
     
     
         14 . The engine as set forth in  claim 13 , wherein said fan rotates in the second opposed direction. 
     
     
         15 . The engine as set forth in  claim 10 , wherein a second shaft associated with said fan drive turbine is supported by a second bearing at an end of said second shaft, and downstream of said fan drive turbine. 
     
     
         16 . The engine as set forth in  claim 15 , wherein a third bearing supports said second compressor section on an outer periphery of said first shaft driven by said second turbine section. 
     
     
         17 . The engine as set forth in  claim 16 , wherein a fourth bearing is positioned adjacent said first compressor section, and supports an outer periphery of said second shaft which is configured to rotate with said fan drive turbine section. 
     
     
         18 . The engine as set forth in  claim 12 , wherein there is no bearing support structure positioned intermediate said first and second turbine sections. 
     
     
         19 . A gas turbine engine comprising:
 a fan;   a compressor section in fluid communication with the fan;   a combustion section in fluid communication with the compressor section;   a turbine section in fluid communication with the combustion section,   wherein the turbine section includes a fan drive turbine section and a second turbine section,   wherein said fan drive turbine section has a first exit area at a first exit point and is configured to rotate at a first speed,   wherein said second turbine section has a second exit area at a second exit point and is configured to rotate at a second speed, which is higher than the first speed,   wherein a first performance quantity is defined as the product of the first speed squared and the first area,   wherein a second performance quantity is defined as the product of the second speed squared and the second area;   wherein a ratio of the first performance quantity to the second performance quantity is between about 0.8 and about 1.5; and   the compressor section including a first compressor section and a second compressor section, wherein the fan drive turbine section and the first compressor section will rotate in a first direction and the second turbine section and the second compressor section will rotate in a second opposed direction, a gear reduction included between said fan and first compressor section, such that the fan will rotate at a lower speed than the fan drive turbine section, and said fan will rotate in the second opposed direction.   
     
     
         20 . The engine as set forth in  claim 19 , wherein a gear ratio of said gear reduction is greater than about 2.3.