Piston machine

Abstract

The invention relates to a piston machine comprising two (or more) housing parts ( 3 a, 3 b ), which are each in the shape a circular cylinder segment, but which are joined to each other in such a way that the housing parts are rotated 180° with respect to each other, and which enclose a common cavity and each have a dual piston plate ( 1, 2 ), wherein the dual piston plates are associated with the respective housing part and driven separately and synchronously in opposite directions. The dual piston plates, together with the respective adjacent angled side wall ( 15, 16 ) of the housing part, the side wall having inlet and outlet valves ( 18 a/b, 19 a/b ), define two outer working chambers (A 1 and A 2 ) and one (or more) inner working chambers (A 3 ) are defined between the dual piston plates ( 1, 2 ), the one or more inner working chambers having inlet and outlet valves ( 18 c, 19 c ) formed in a rear housing wall ( 13 ) at the height of an imaginary separating line X between the housing parts ( 3 a, 3 b ). The piston machine thus formed, which can be operated as a pump, compressor, or expansion motor or as a combination thereof, is characterized by variable, efficient usage possibilities, a low dead volume, a correspondingly high efficiency, a compact and space-saving construction associated with low component expense, and a mass balance that is optimal due to the opposite synchronous drive of the dual piston plates offset by 180° from each other together with smooth running and correspondingly long service life.

1 . A piston machine which comprises a housing having a substantially circular-cylinder-segment-like hollow space and first and second inlet and outlet valves ( 18   a ,  19   a ;  18   b ,  19   b ) which are provided on the inclined side walls and a pivotable dual piston plate which delimits variable operating spaces and which is connected to a rotary cylinder which is supported in the housing and which is driven by means of a crankshaft journal which is guided in a connection rod loop, wherein the housing ( 3 ) is constructed from two or more circular-cylinder-segment-like housing portions ( 3   a ,  3   b ,  3   c ) but which are integrally joined together in a state rotated through 180° and which form a common hollow space and which have dual piston plates ( 1 ,  2 ,  27 ) which are associated with each housing portion and which are driven synchronously in opposing directions and which are arranged parallel with each other and which define, with the adjacent inclined side wall ( 15 ,  16 ) an external operating chamber (A 1 , A 2 ) and, between the dual piston plates ( 1 ,  2 ,  27 ), an internal operating chamber (A 3 , A 4 ) having third and fourth inlet and outlet valves ( 18   c ,  19   c ;  18   d ,  19   d ) which are formed in a housing rear wall ( 13 ) at the height of a notional separation line X between the mutually adjacent housing portions ( 3   a ,  3   b ,  3   c ). 
     
     
         2 . The piston machine as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the total volume of the two external operating chambers (A 1 , A 2 ) substantially corresponds to the volume of the internal operating chamber (A 3 , A 4 ), wherein the volume of the external operating chambers (A 1 , A 2 ) and the volume of the internal operating chambers (A 3 , A 4 ) is of the same size. 
     
     
         3 . The piston machine as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the dual piston plates ( 1 ,  2 ,  27 ) are driven by means of a common drive shaft ( 9 ) and two or more separate crankshafts ( 10 ) having crankshaft journals ( 8 ) which act on a connection rod loop, wherein the crankshafts ( 10 ) are connected to each other by means of a toothed gear mechanism ( 26 ) in order to produce a synchronous and oppositely directed, parallel pivot movement of the dual piston plates ( 1 ,  2 ,  27 ). 
     
     
         4 . The piston machine as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the connection rod loop is an integral component of the respective dual piston plate ( 1 ,  2 ,  27 ), by the crankshaft journal ( 8 ) engaging in a guiding groove ( 7 ) which is constructed in an end face of the dual piston plate ( 1 ,  2 ). 
     
     
         5 . The piston machine as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein there is fitted to at least one of the rotary cylinders ( 6 ), which are connected to the first and/or second and/or third dual piston plate ( 1 ,  2 ,  27 ) and which are supported in the housing ( 3   a ,  3   b ,  3   c ) in a sealing manner, at least one additional dual piston plate ( 20 ,  21 ) which is/are located in an auxiliary housing portion ( 3   d ,  3   e ) which adjoins the first to third housing portions ( 3   a ,  3   b ,  3   c ) and which has a circular-cylinder-segment-like operating space and which define(s) additional auxiliary operating chambers (A 5 , A 6 ; A 7 , A 8 ) which are constructed with inlet and outlet valves ( 24   a ,  25   a ;  24   b ,  25   b ). 
     
     
         6 . The piston machine as claimed in  claim 5 , wherein the at least one additional dual piston plate ( 20 ,  21 ) has a length which is the same as or different from the first to third dual piston plates ( 1 ,  2 ,  27 ), wherein the volume of the auxiliary operating chambers (A 5 -A 8 ) deviates from that of the external operating chambers (A 1 , A 2 ) or is identical, respectively. 
     
     
         7 . The piston machine as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein it can be operated as a pump and/or compressor and/or expansion motor. 
     
     
         8 . The piston machine as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein a plurality of machines are arranged in disk form one behind the other.