Method and apparatus for automatic removal of carbon deposits from the oven chambers and flow channels of non-recovery and heat-recovery coke ovens

Abstract

A method for the automatic removal of carbon deposits from the oven chambers and flow channels of non-recovery and heat-recovery coke ovens, where a coke oven battery, composed typically of a plurality of adjacently arrayed coke oven chambers, is utilized for the cyclical coking of coal, and where an air metering device which operates with superatmospheric pressure is used in order to remove, by combustion, carbon deposits in the flow cross-sections of the oven system and thereby to counteract a reduction in oven performance. An apparatus with which this method can be performed is also disclosed, this apparatus being integrated into the coke oven battery and at least one coke oven chamber wall, allowing the carbon deposits to be removed during operation without a change in any arrangement.

1 . Method for automatic removal of carbon deposits ( 11 ) from oven chambers ( 1 ) and flow channels ( 10 ) of “Non-Recovery” and “Heat-Recovery” coke ovens, wherein
 a coke oven bank ( 22 ) comprised of several coke oven chambers ( 1 ) having two lateral coke oven chamber walls ( 9 ) each and “downcomer” channels ( 10 ) arranged therein is supplied with compressed air ( 15 ) via compressed air main ( 19 ),
 characterized in that 
 
 a partial stream of compressed air ( 15 ) streaming into the “downcomer” channels ( 10 ) and being lockable is branched off into at least one coke oven chamber ( 1 ), and 
 this partial stream of compressed air ( 15 ) is periodically conducted into at least one “downcomer channel” ( 10 ) so that carbon deposits ( 11 ) contained therein can be removed by a compressed air blow ( 15 ) injected into the “downcomer” channel ( 10 ). 
 
     
     
         2 . Method according to  claim 11 , characterized in that the measuring parameter is a pressure parameter measured at least at one spot in a coke oven ( 1 ). 
     
     
         3 . Method according to  claim 2 , characterized in that the pressure parameter is a pressure differential measured in the combustion chambers ( 6 , 20 ) underneath and above the coal and coke cake ( 4 ), and which amounts to Δp>30 Pa to trigger the compressed air blow ( 15 ). 
     
     
         4 . Method according to  claim 2 , characterized in that the pressure parameter is a pressure differential measured between the gas space ( 6 ) of the coke oven chamber ( 1 ) above the coal or coke cake ( 4 ) and the ambient atmosphere, and which amounts to −70 Pa<Δp<+40 Pa to trigger the compressed air blow ( 15 ). 
     
     
         5 . Method according to any of the preceding  claims 1  to  4 , characterized in that the measuring parameter is a temperature parameter measured at least at one spot in the coke oven ( 1 ). 
     
     
         6 . Method according to  claim 5 , characterized in that the temperature parameter is the temperature measured in the gas space ( 6 ) above the coke cake ( 4 ), and which is less than T=1100° C. to trigger the compressed air blow ( 15 ). 
     
     
         7 . Method according to any of the preceding  claims 1  to  6 , characterized in that the compressed air ( 15 ) is air with an atmospheric composition. 
     
     
         8 . Method according to any of the preceding  claims 1  to  6 , characterized in that the compressed air ( 15 ) is air which is enriched with oxygen. 
     
     
         9 . Method according to any of the preceding  claims 1  to  6 , characterized in that the compressed air ( 15 ) is replaced with pure oxygen. 
     
     
         10 . Method according to any of the preceding  claims 1  to  6 , characterized in that the compressed air ( 15 ) is air which is enriched with nitrogen. 
     
     
         11 . Method according to any of the preceding  claims 1  to  6 , characterized in that the compressed air ( 15 ) is air which is mixed with the partially or completely burnt waste gas ( 29 ) of the coke oven chamber ( 1 ). 
     
     
         12 . Method according to any of the preceding  claims 1  to  11 , characterized in that the measuring value of at least one pressure or temperature measuring parameter is recorded, evaluated, and controlled by a digital computer unit ( 31 ) so that this computer unit ( 31 ) depending on the measuring values turns-on at least one compressed air blow ( 15 ) into an ancillary piping ( 13 ) and the associated “downcomer” channels ( 10 ). 
     
     
         13 . Method according to any of the preceding  claims 1  to  12 , characterized in that the measuring value of at least one pressure or temperature measuring parameter is recorded, evaluated, and controlled by a digital computer unit ( 31 ) so that this computer unit ( 31 ) depending on the measuring values turns-on at least one compressed air blow ( 15 ) into a distribution mains ( 14 ) and the associated “downcomer” channels ( 10 ). 
     
     
         14 . Method according to any of the preceding  claims 1  to  13 , characterized in that the measuring value represents an empirical determination of a time interval, according to which this partial stream of compressed air ( 15 ) is periodically conducted into at least one “downcomer channel ” ( 10 ). 
     
     
         15 . Device for automatic removal of carbon deposits ( 11 ) from coke oven chambers ( 1 ) and flow channels ( 10 ) of “Non-Recovery” and “Heat-Recovery”—coke ovens, the said device comprised of
 a compressed air mains installed ( 12 ) installed on the oven top ( 17 ) of a coke oven bank built-up of several coke oven chambers ( 1 ) and connecting the coke oven chambers ( 1 ) to each other in transverse direction, 
 characterized in that the compressed air mains ( 12 ) on the top ( 17 ) is comprised of at least one branch which in the further course of flow terminates in a lockable ancillary piping ( 13 ) which in a “downcomer” channel ( 10 ) arranged in a lateral coke oven wall ( 9 ) has a pipe end to emit compressed air ( 15 ). 
 
     
     
         16 . Device according to  claim 15 , characterized in that the compressed air main ( 12 ) on the top ( 17 ) of the coke oven bank has at least one branch which in the further course of flow terminates in a lockable ancillary piping ( 13 ) which extends in longitudinal oven direction from the pusher side to the coke side of the oven ( 1 ), and from which in the further course of flow at least another distribution main ( 14 ) branches off which terminates in a pipe end ( 19 ) arranged in a “downcomer” channel ( 10 ) and which is suitable to emit compressed air ( 15 ). 
     
     
         17 . Device according to any of the preceding  claim 15  or  16 , characterized in that a pipe end ( 19 ) which is suitable to emit compressed air ( 12 ) terminates in each “downcomer” channel ( 10 ) of each coke oven chamber ( 1 ) of a coke oven chamber bank. 
     
     
         18 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  17 , characterized in that at least one pipe end ( 19 ) is comprised of a built-on nozzle jet attachment which is suitable to eject a compressed air blow ( 15 ). 
     
     
         19 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  18 , characterized in that at least one pipe end ( 19 ) is horizontally angled. 
     
     
         20 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  19 , characterized in that the pipe end is made from a heat-resistant iron material. 
     
     
         21 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  19 , characterized in that the pipe end is made from a ceramic silica material. 
     
     
         22 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  19 , characterized in that the pipe end is made from a corundum material. 
     
     
         23 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  22 , characterized in that the ancilllary piping ( 13 ) has an automatable valve cock element ( 18   c ) serving as shutoff device ( 18 ) to control the compressed air flow ( 15 ). 
     
     
         24 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  22 , characterized in that the ancilllary piping ( 13 ) has an automatable slide gate element ( 18   a ) serving as shutoff device ( 18 ) to control the compressed air flow ( 15 ). 
     
     
         25 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  22 , characterized in that at least one pipe end ( 19 ) with or without a built-on nozzle jet attachment has an automatable valve cock element ( 18   c ) serving as shutoff device ( 18 ) to control the compressed air flow. 
     
     
         26 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  22 , characterized in that at least one pipe end ( 19 ) with or without a built-on nozzle jet attachment has an automatable slide gate element ( 18   a ) serving as shutoff device ( 18 ) to control the compressed air flow. 
     
     
         27 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  26 , characterized in that the shutoff device ( 18 ) to control the compressed air flow ( 15 ) is hydraulically actuated. 
     
     
         28 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  26 , characterized in that the shutoff device ( 18 ) to control the compressed air flow ( 15 ) is electrically actuated. 
     
     
         29 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  26 , characterized in that the shutoff device ( 18 ) to control the compressed air flow ( 15 ) is pneumatically actuated. 
     
     
         30 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  29 , characterized in that 1 to 24 pressure measuring probes ( 32   a ) for pressure measurement are guided through the inspection opening ports ( 16 ) into the “downcomer” channels ( 10 ) of the coke oven chamber ( 1 ) to be liberated from carbon deposits ( 11 ). 
     
     
         31 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  29 , characterized in that 1 to 3 pressure measuring probes ( 32   a ) for pressure measurement are guided through the oven top ( 17 ) of the coke oven chamber ( 1 ) to be liberated from carbon deposits ( 11 ). 
     
     
         32 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  29 , characterized in that 1 to 2 pressure measuring probes ( 32   a ) for pressure measurement are guided through the coke oven chamber doors ( 2 ) of the coke oven chamber ( 1 ) to be liberated from carbon deposits ( 11 ). 
     
     
         33 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  29 , characterized in that 1 to 4 pressure measuring probes ( 32   a ) for pressure measurement are guided through the lateral front walls ( 28 ) of the oven chamber ( 1 ) which are located above the coke oven chamber door ( 2 ) and cover the primary heating space ( 6 ). 
     
     
         34 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  29 , characterized in that 1 to 8 pressure measuring probes ( 32   a ) for pressure measurement are guided through the lateral front walls ( 9 ) of the oven chamber ( 1 ), which are located underneath the coke oven chamber door ( 2 ) and cover the secondary heating space ( 20 ) or in the secondary air sole ( 26 ). 
     
     
         35 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  29 , characterized in that 1 to 2 pressure measuring probes ( 32   a ) for pressure measurement are arranged in the connecting channels ( 20   a ) between the secondary heating space ( 20 ) underneath the coal cake ( 4 ) and the waste gas collecting duct ( 26 ) of the coke oven bank. 
     
     
         36 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  29 , characterized in that 1 to 2 pressure measuring probes ( 32   a ) for pressure measurement are arranged in the waste gas collecting duct ( 26 ) which extends transversely to the coke oven bank on the oven top ( 17 ). 
     
     
         37 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  29 , characterized in that 1 to 2 pressure measuring probes ( 32   a ) for pressure measurement are arranged in the waste gas collecting duct ( 26 ) which extends transversely to the coke oven bank underneath the coke oven chamber doors ( 2 ). 
     
     
         38 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  37 , characterized in that at least one thermocouple ( 32   b ) is guided into the gas space ( 6 ) above the coke cake ( 1 ) through the coke oven chamber doors ( 2 ) of the coke oven chamber ( 1 ) to be liberated from carbon deposits ( 11 ). 
     
     
         39 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  37 , characterized in that at least one thermocouple ( 32   b ) is guided through the inspection opening ports ( 16 ) into the “downcomer” channels ( 10 ) of the coke oven chamber ( 1 ) to be liberated from carbon deposits ( 11 ). 
     
     
         40 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  37 , characterized in that at least one thermocouple ( 32   b ) is guided at the vault crest through the oven top ( 17 ) the coke oven chamber ( 1 ) to be liberated from carbon deposits ( 11 ). 
     
     
         41 . Device according to any of the preceding  claims 15  to  40 , characterized in that the said device has a digital computer unit ( 31 ) which records, evaluates and controls the control values of at least one pressure sensor ( 32   a ) or one thermocouple ( 32   b ) so that by means of this control unit ( 31 ), depending on the measuring values, at least one compressed air blow ( 15 ) in the ancillary piping ( 13 ) and in at least one downcomer channel ( 10 ) is turned on.